ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1959

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1959

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This is the report of a study undertaken in one school of nursing to arrive at a quantitative expression of validity. The model of validity accepted for this purpose was empirical, recognizing that the notion of validity is one way of expressing the requirement that a definition shall efficiently and adequately reflect what it allegedly stands for.The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the manner of approaching empirical validity and to arrive at some quantitative expression of validity, which has heretofore been taken as either existing or not existing. The quantitative point of view was focused primarily upon the fact that in any valid instrument, inventory, or other collective definition of trait or quality, some elements are more valid than others.Nine concepts of project success, extracted from statements of participants, were successfully differentiated by using the Thurstone scaling technic. The extent to which each of these related to previously postulated criteria of successful operation was then measured by obtaining a mean rank of the extent to which the concept in question was “an essential aspect of” the specified criterion. The product of these two values was then taken as a composite estimate of the way in which each criterion reflects various components of success. The matrix of product scores was also useful in further differentiating the success concepts and in selecting particular statements having very high or very low validity in the definition of success.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1959

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1959

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The hospital records of 100 postpartal patients, deliveredper vaginam, were studied to determine if a relationship existed between factors of the ante-, intra-, and postpartal periods and the development of postpartal bladder atonia. The factors considered were: age, parity, pelvic configuration, frequency of intrapartal bladder emptying, length of labor, catheterization immediately prior to delivery, position of the presenting part, type of delivery, anesthesia used at delivery, and quantity of urine and elapsed time after delivery of the first postpartal bladder emptying.The risk of puerperal bladder atonia appeared to decrease as the patient's age increased; presumably this apparent trend was due to the small number of patients in the older age groups. It appeared, but could not be shown conclusively from these data, that bladder atonia decreased with increased parity.Those pelves associated with the highest incidence of bladder atonia were the gynecoid-gynecoid, gynecoid-android, and the anthropoid-anthropoid. No conclusions could be drawn regarding the effect of pelvic configuration on the development of postpartum bladder atonia. The absence of intrapartal bladder emptying bore no apparent relationship to the tonus of the postpartum bladder. No trend was found in evaluation of the length of labor, although it appeared that this factor was not etiologic in the development of bladder atonia.There was a greater incidence of postpartum bladder atonia in cases where the fetal vertex was positioned as occiput anterior. Nonetheless it could not be concluded that absence of bladder atonia among Patients where the occiput was positioned as transverse or posterior, or where the fetal breech presented, was significant. The absence of predelivery catheterization appeared to be of little significance in contributing to the development of the postpartum atonic bladder.The incidence of bladder atonia appeared greatest in patients delivered by operative means. Evaluation of anesthesia administered for delivery indicated that caudal analgesia apparently contributed to the development of bladder atonia in this study. There was no apparent trend shown in the postpartal voiding patterns that appeared etiologic in the loss of postpartal bladder tonus.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1959

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1959

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1959

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This listing of studies In nursing, consisting mainly of those carried out by nurses at colleges and universities in the U. S. in partial fulfillment of the requirements for masters or doctoral degrees, appears in each issue ofNursing Research.Inquiries about these studies should be directed to the college or university, not to theResearchoffice.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1959

数据来源: OVID