ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Persons with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) from all causes are subject to periods of markedly increased pressure. Research since the initial clinical studies in the early 1960s has focused primarily on characteristics of ICP variations in specific pathologies and on mechanisms basic to increases in ICP rather than on the relationship between basic patient-care activities, such as moving the patient in bed, and variations in ICP. Therefore, nine patients with pressure-controlled ventriculostomy drainage systems were observed continuously for up to 24 hours to determine what, if any, patient-nurse activities were associated with transient or sustained increased ICP. Frequencies of ventricular fluid drainage (VFD) during activity and nonactivity were compared to predicted frequencies. One patient had no VFD: eight patients had greater than predicted incidence of VFD associated with activity and less than predicted incidence associated with nonactivity. The difference between predicted and actual incidence of VFD was statistically significant (p<.001) for all eight patients. Although each patient displayed individual patterns of specific activity associated with VFD, turning in bed and conversation about the patient's condition were consistent among the sample. Coughing, chewing, use of bedpan, and restless movements were consistently associated with VFD in patients.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study tested the effect of role supplementation, as a preventive nursing intervention, on families who were experiencing a transition from a dyadic to a triadic relationship through the birth of a first child. Three groups—experimental (N=12), control (N=36), and FamCap (N=10)—participated. Participation in the role supplementation program did not sharpen communication skills, increase skill in role taking, or increase the congruency in role perceptions. The intervention did help experimental group wives to have lower anxiety scores postdelivery than other wives in the study, although anxiety increased in all subjects. Through role supplementation intervention, experimental wives showed significant differences in their perceptions and attitudes toward ignoring the infant, protectiveness of the infant, and responsiveness of infants' needs.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To study effects of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on appetite, in an effort to obtain an objective assessment of hunger separated from underlying pathology, caloric intake and levels of TPN were measured in two male rhesus monkeys. TPN was found to affect appetite by reducing voluntary food intake. One monkey showed precise regulation of daily oral caloric intake and maintained stable body weight during this period. The other monkey did not show such precise regulation. When TPN was stopped, both continued suppression of oral intake for a time. Implications are discussed.The assistance of Lynne Kalnasy with technical aspects of data collection and analysis is acknowledged.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Using a two-group before-after experimental design, this study explored the effect of problem-orientation on a nursing staff's ability to identify underlying patient problems. Nursing service staff members (registered nurses, licensed vocational nurses, and corps personnel) from two small naval hospitals who met the criteria for inclusion and consented to participate were utilized. Because of staff turnover, the composition of the groups differed from pre-to posttesting phases. The pretest sample consisted of 47 control/48 experimental subjects: the posttest sample included 38 control/39 experimental subjects. The experimental group was instructed on the independent variable, problem-orientation, by the investigator through a six-hour workshop on the problem-oriented nursing record after which the system was instituted in the experimental setting. After a five-month period posttesting was done to determine if change had occurred. Analysis of the data supported the hypothesis that problem-orientation does, in fact, substantially increase a nursing staff's ability to identify patient problems. The incorporation of this system into nursing services could provide a vehicle for pinpointing underlying patient problems and dealing with them in a systematic way, thereby upgrading patient care.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Inner-city Black women were administered Rosenman and Friedman's A-B interview and invited to discuss stress experiences and traditional coronary heart disease risk factors while their blood pressure was monitored at two-minute intervals. Results revealed the essential reliability of the A-B classification for the sample and demonstrated a general congruence with type A behaviors reported in previous (mostly white male) samples. While type A Black women were not significantly more likely to be hypertensive than type B women, analyses of the intrasubject blood pressure variability revealed an interaction between A-B and hypertensive-normotensive status. Consistent with earlier findings, hypertensives were more variable than normotensives, but this was true only for type Bs: type As were intermediate and not differentiated in their variability. This finding calls attention to the possible adaptive function of type A behavior among stressed inner-city Black females and raises the question of whether Rosenman and Friedman's personality theory might be objectionably simplistic.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Graduates of the Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) Program at the University of Vermont, Burlington, were surveyed to determine if the FNPs had enlarged their nursing roles following completion of the program. A sample of Vermont nurses served as a control group. Results of a questionnaire, used to obtain information about the nurses' training, functions, and attitudes, indicated that FNPs performed activities associated with an expanded nursing role more frequently than did their nonpractitioner counterparts. There was evidence that the two groups differed in their attitudes toward various aspects of their nursing roles. The evaluation is an ongoing study: as the number of program graduates increases, further characterization of their roles will be possible.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

To test the relationship between open-and closed-mindedness, between rigidity and nonrigidity. and the tendency of psychiatric nursing staff to alter inferences when given additional information about a patient, the Dogmatism Scale. Form E. and the Gough-Sanford Rigidity Scale were presented to 120 psychiatric nursing staff members, all employed and working directly with patients. Low-dogmatic subjects changed their inferences regarding patient behavior significantly more than high-dogmatic subjects. Although high-rigid subjects changed their inferences about patient behavior more than low-rigid subjects, the relationship was not significant.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1978

数据来源: OVID