ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The location, intensity, and quality of pediatric postoperative pain were assessed in a convenience sample of 65 multiethnic children and adolescents, 8 to 17 years old. Pain was measured daily for 5 days during hospitalization using the Adolescent Pediatric Pain Tool (APPT). Mean pain intensity scores and mean number of pain descriptors (quality) decreased over time, but there was no significant change over time for the number of body segments marked (location). The findings provided valid and reliable estimates of adolescents' and children's self-reports of the location, intensity, and quality of postoperative pain.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Two hundred fifty-eight middle school children and their parents attended communication skills training sessions for 6 weeks. Measures of satisfaction with the family system and communication of this group were compared with those of 201 young adolescents and parents who did not attend the sessions. Young adolescents, mothers, and fathers who were trained in communication skills reported increased satisfaction with the family system and open communication immediately and 6 months after training. Young adolescents who were not trained became increasingly dissatisfied with the family system. A subsample of families were observed resolving conflicts. Fathers and young adolescents who were in training used less antisocial and negative problem-solving techniques than those who were not trained. The authors cautiously recommend communication skill training as a “rite of passage” for families with young adolescents.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The ability of three preschool risk detection tools to accurately identify apparently healthy very-low-birth-weight children (VLBW < 1500 g) who would subsequently experience school failure was studied. The sample of 35 children included 20 girls and 15 boys, 15 African-American children and 20 white children, who were 4 years old when assessed. The tool based on the information processing model had a significantly higher degree of specificity than the readiness or development based tools. None of the tools were sensitive enough to identify more than two thirds of the children who subsequently experienced school failure in grades K through 2.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purposes of this study were to describe the unaided decision-making process of women facing treatment for early stage breast cancer and to provide the empirical grounding to develop a conceptual framework for more structured research. A convenience sample of 48 women completed an open-ended interview while they were making a decision. A qualitative analysis of these interviews identified five empirical indicators of decision behavior: (a) perceived salience of alternatives, (b) decision conflict, (c) information seeking, (d) risk awareness, and (e) deliberation. The configurations of these indicators discriminated the decision maker into one of three empirically derived groups. In order of complexity, these are termed Deferrer, Delayer, and Deliberator.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Replication of the Anticipated Turnover Model Among Nurses for urban registered nurses provided substantial support for the stability and generalizability of the theoretical model. In both the original and replication studies, causal modeling was used to test the theoretical model predicting job satisfaction, anticipated turnover, and actual turnover. The replication study included 385 full-time nurses in two public and two private urban hospitals. The replication validated, with younger, more educated staff, the major findings from the original study. Group cohesion and job satisfaction effectively predicted anticipated turnover in the replication and the original study. Anticipated turnover was a good predictor of actual turnover, with discriminant analysis yielding 73.2% successful predictions in the replication study and 76.2% in the original study. Job satisfaction effectively buffered job stress. The replication also substantiated the position that job satisfaction strategies need to be targeted specifically to the types of clinical services.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to describe the magnitude of the relationships between nurses' job satisfaction and the variables most frequently associated with it. A meta-analysis of data from 48 studies with a total of 15,048 subjects revealed that job satisfaction was most strongly associated with stress (-.609) and organizational commitment (.526). Seven variables had correlations between .20 and .50: communication with supervisor, autonomy, recognition, routinization, communication with peers, fairness, and locus of control. Four other variables frequently included in these studies had low correlations (less than .20): age, education, tenure, and professionalization. The influence of employment site, date of study, and measures used on the size and consistency of estimates was described.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Using the grounded theory method, a substantive theory of postpartum depression was developed. Data were obtained through participant observation in a postpartum depression support group over an 18-month period. In addition, 12 in-depth taped interviews were conducted with mothers who had attended the support group. Analysis of the data by the constant comparative method revealed loss of control as the basic social psychological problem. Women suffering from postpartum depression attempted to cope with the problem of loss of control through the four-stage process of teetering on the edge. The stages that emerged from the data included (a) encountering terror, (b) dying of self, (c) struggling to survive, and (d) regaining control.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The effects of cesarean birth information given in childbirth preparation classes on maternal pastpartum reactions to unplanned cesarean delivery were examined. An experimental group received comprehensive cesarean birth information as part of standard childbirth preparation classes. The control group received a standard childbirth preparation class curriculum that included limited cesarean birth information. The control group reported a slight decline in pain intensity from 1–2 days to 6 weeks postpartum, whereas the experimental group showed no change over time. No differences between the two groups were found in perception of the birth experience, physical distress, self-esteem, functional status, feelings about the baby, or quality of the marital relationship. The lack of substantial differences between the groups may be due to the normalizing effect of the high cesarean birth rate and greater attention given to this method of childbirth by expectant parents and childbirth educators.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1993

数据来源: OVID