ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article presents data on the need for doctorally prepared nurses and the resources for their preparation in 40 states in the Midwest, West, and South. A mailed questionnaire was used to collect data from the administrative heads of 58 graduate nursing education programs. Results reported in this article are on: nursing faculty responsibilities, projected faculty needs, research supports for faculty, sabbatical leaves granted nursing faculty, research and interdisciplinary activities of nurse faculty, numbers of nurse and non-nurse doctorally prepared faculty, reported criteria for and difficulties in recruiting doctoral nurse faculty, initiating change in graduate nursing education and the reasons for change, the research requirements in master's nursing programs, and the reasons cited for establishing doctoral nursing programs within the 40 states. Questions that educators face in the development of quality programs for doctoral nursing education are discussed.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purposes of this study were to discover and compare patients' and nurses' perceptions of the learning needs of cancer patients. Using rating scales, 33 nurses and 27 patients rated the degree of importance of learning 36 informational items, including nutrition, treatment, and diagnostic testing. In addition, nurses and patients ranked six content areas according to: how problematic each area was for the patient; how much knowledge the patient had about each area; and how much the patient wanted information about each area. Results indicated that significant differences existed between nurses' and patients' perceptions of the learning needs of cancer patients. Nurses rated the degree of importance of the 20 general information items significantly higher than did the patients. The rank order of the six content areas for each of three questions by nurses and patients showed nurses ranked dealing with feelings as the most problematic area for patients, while patients ranked this area low.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study compared the effects of a behavioral type of personal control and cognitive personal control information on cataract patients' postoperative orientation, indeterminate stimulus experiences, mood states, and performance (Ellis, 1972; Johnson, 1975; Seligman, 1975). Subjects were 40 patients, age 50 or older, scheduled for their first unilateral cataract surgical experience.Using a four-condition experimental design, patients were randomly assigned to: (1) behavioral instructions (behavioral control), (2) sensory information (cognitive control), (3) both behavioral instructions and sensory information, or (4) general information. It was found that neither behavioral nor cognitive control interventions had a significant effect on any of the dependent variables. However, the combination of behavioral and cognitive control intervention significantly reduced the number of days after discharge before patients elected to venture from their homes. No significant differences were found between experimental conditions in frequency of patient-reported indeterminate stimulus experiences (ISE).

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study compared the effects of the towel bath and the conventional bed bath on patient anxiety. The sample of 105 patients were divided into two groups—those who would be having invasive procedures and those with unrelieved pain. Anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Palmar Sweat Index (PSI), and the Behavioral Cues Index (BCI). The scores from the STAI A-State subscale supported the hypothesis that the towel bath resulted in a significant decrease in anxiety for the sample as a whole and for the invasive procedure subsample. The hypothesis was rejected for the unrelieved pain subsample. Scores from the Palmar Sweat Index and the Behavioral Cues Index did not support any of the hypotheses. Based on the findings of this study, bathing is recommended for its anxiety-reducing effects.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of reconditioning upon bladder dysfunction caused by prolonged catheterization. Eight women undergoing surgery with baseline residual urine volumes (RUVs) not greater than 25 ml and catheterization durations of 36 to 106 hours qualified as subjects. Immediately prior to catheter removal, the four treatment group subjects received reconditioning, a procedure in which their catheters were clamped for three hours followed by five minutes of urinary drainage. This cycle was repeated twice more, totaling nine hours, ten minutes. The four control group subjects received no reconditioning. After catheter removal, reconditioned subjects resumed natural micturition significantly sooner than non-reconditioned subjects (t = −2.82, df = 6, p > 0.05). A t test showed no significant differences between the groups in post-indwelling catheterization RUVs following the first micturition, probably due to the small number of subjects, since the control group's mean post-catheterization RUV increased to a physiologically abnormal level (42.25 ml), while the reconditioned group's mean RUV stayed within normal limits. This study should be repeated to test for statistical significance in larger samples.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A national sample of 46 nurse practitioners (NPs) and a Midwestern sample of 31 nurses completed five instruments designed to provide evidence of the construct validity of patient management problems (PMPs). The subjects completed three simulations, a multiple-choice cognitive examination in the content area of the simulations, and a demographic questionaire. The first hypothesis stated that a claim for the construct validity of simulations would be warranted if significant differences were found between performance of NPs and nurses on simulations designed for NPs. A second hypothesis stated that no significant differences would be found across the three different simulations. The cognitive examination was hypothesized to be a meaningful covariate, as performance on a simulation depends in part on knowledge of the content area of the simulations. The examination was not found to be a significant covariate in this analysis. Meaningful differences were found between NPs and nurses, supporting the claim for the construct validity of the simulations. Meaningful differences were also found across the three simulations for both groups of subjects, suggesting that the second hypothesis of consistency of performance may have been inappropriately formulated. One measurement characteristic of the simulations may be difficulty level.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Informed consent of special subjects is presented as a critical issue in research. The historical development of informed consent as a legal and ethical principle provides a framework for analysis of this issue. Speical subjects include: captive groups; the acutely ill and dying patients; and the mentally ill and legally incompetent, including children. Application is made to nursing as a profession and to nurses engaged in research.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Studies of nurses and other health professionals indicate that autonomy is an important determinant of job satisfaction and turnover. This study analyzed selected characteristics of hospital nursing units to identify those features of the work setting that influence staff nurses' perceptions of autonomy; comparisons among nurses who work in different clinical areas were made. Data were collected by interviewing 789 nonsupervisory registered nurses who were employed full time at one large university-affiliated hospital. Personal and job-related information was obtained for each nurse. Structural features of units, such as workload, were gathered from head nurse reports and hospital records. Findings indicated that nurses' perceptions of autonomy are influenced by both personal characteristics of the nurse and structural features of the units. The nurse's sense of personal efficacy and the relationship she has with her head nurse are two important determinats of autonomy across all units. Workload, primary nursing, and staffing patterns are influential factors in predicting autonomy for nurses who work in critical care areas. Implications of these findings for nursing administrators are discussed.

ISSN:0029-6562    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1982

数据来源: OVID