ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000107981

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000107982

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000107983

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000107984

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Stroke units are gaining increasing popularity as a strategy for providing stroke care. Despite this, there continues to be considerable debate about the benefits and cost-effectiveness of such units. This paper discusses the organisation of different types of stroke units and reviews existing literature on their effectiveness in stroke management. Several studies suggest that stroke units are associated with reduced mortality, lesser institutionalisation, better functional outcome and shorter lengths of hospital stay. There is also emphasis on early admission to stroke units and early commencement of rehabilitation. Stroke intensive care units appear to contribute significantly to research on the mechanisms, diagnosis and acute management of stroke but may have a limited service role at present. This is likely to change with the development of acute medical intervention for ischaemic stroke. None of the studies on stroke rehabilitation units have resulted in a change in clinical practice because of variations in patient selection criteria, number of eligible patients who were finally included in different studies, multiplicity of assessment and outcome measures, differences in the timing, intensity and nature of therapy intervention and publication bias in favour of ''positive'' studies. Notwithstanding these limitations, there is compelling support for the establishment of stroke units to provide well-organised, patient-centred, integrated multidisciplinary care for stroke patients.

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000107985

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The trends in incidence, 28-day mortality and 28-day case fatality of stroke during the period 1986–1993 were assessed in the population aged 35–64 years in Kaunas, Lithuania. The Kaunas community-based stroke register was the source of data. During the study period the incidence of stroke increased by 14% in men and remained stable in women. The overall mortality from stroke increased by 34% in men and by 10% in women. The case fatality of all strokes as well as that of first ever strokes increased during the study period approximately by 20%. These results suggest that the increase in mortality from stroke in Kaunas is mostly due to an increase in the severity of the disease, especially among men. In addition, also the number of new stroke events increased in men, partly explaining the larger increase in mortality from stroke observed among men than among women. Appropriate strategies for the primary prevention of stroke are required in Lithuania. To achieve this aim, future studies are also needed to estimate relative and population-attributable risks for various risk factors of str

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000107986

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108067

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000107987

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We evaluated the serum levels of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins in patients with angiographically proven extracranial and/or intracranial carotid atherosclerosis (ECA and/or ICA). The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and smoking was significantly higher in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Total HDL-cholesterol, HDL2-cholesterol and HDL3-cholesterol were higher in patients with carotid atherosclerosis than in patients without carotid atherosclerosis. The serum concentration of apolipoprotein A-I and A-II were significantly low in patients with ICA alone, ECA + ICA, bilateral carotid stenosis, and unilateral carotid occlusion. These data suggested that decreased serum HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I are potential indicators of the progression of carotid atherosclerosis in association with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and cigarette smoking.

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000107988

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:1015-9770    

DOI:10.1159/000108068

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1996

数据来源: Karger