摘要:

The influences of age, sex, disc level, and degree of degeneration on the mechanical behavior of 42 fresh cadaver lumbar motion segments are reported. The motions and intradiscal pressure changes that result from the application of flexion, extension, lateral bending, and torsional moments; compression; and anterior, posterior, and lateral shears are described. The authors find that the mean behaviors of the different segment classes sometimes differ, but these differences are seldom pronounced. Scatter in the behavior of individual motion segments is pronounced, and very often overshadows any class differences.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An adult patient, after a minor fall, had a painful neck, and roentgenograms of the affected area showed a separate odontoid with the remnant fused to the anterior ring of the atlas. The multiple nature of the anomalies, coupled with the lack of significant trauma, indicated that the finding was that of congenital atlantoaxial fusion.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This report describes part of a wider study on muscles from patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The aim of the study was to clarify if there exists a side-related pathology in the spinal musculature and if extraspinal muscles are abnormal in scoliosis patients. In scoliotic patients, both spinal and peripheral muscles showed frequent abnormalities when examined morphologically and histometrically by light and electron microscopy. Idiopathic scoliosis patients differed from the others. Morphologic pathology seemed worse on the concave side. A mild Type I fiber atrophy occurred in spinal muscles on the concave side and in the deitoids. A generalized tendency towards small myofibers was also noted. The findings suggest that there is a generalized specific neuromuscular disorder causing idiopathic scoliosis.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The long-term changes in vital capacity and in total lung capacity after spinal fusion for 43 scoliotic patients are described. The values recorded were seldom lower after surgery but did not show any marked subsequent increases with patient growth. Subsequent increases in volumes are less marked in the group of patients with paralytic scoliosis. These findings suggest that the psychological advantages of improving the patient's appearance by surgery and of preventing any respiratory condition from worsening may be achieved, although the total capacity and vital capacity are not much improved by spinal fusion.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A technique for the simultaneous anterior and posterior surgical approach to the thoracic and lumbar spine is presented. No intraoperative repositioning of the patient is required. The procedure requires a surgical team of two spinal surgeons and two assistant surgeons, as well as an anesthesiologist familiar with hypotensive techniques. The procedure as utilized in 14 cases has proven to be safe and expeditious. The simultaneous anteroposterior approach has proven to be especially useful in cases with combined anterior and posterior instability. The technique described provides the experienced spinal surgeon with the best solution to certain complex spinal problems.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

A case report of spastic paraparesis due to Paget's disease of the dorsal spine is presented. The patient became almost completely paralyzed in the lower limbs in spite of a decompressive laminectomy. He was treated with salmon calcitonin with very rapid neurologic recovery. The limits of the regimen and possible complications are discussed.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Thoracic disc herniation is difficult to recognize, Diagnosis is easily made when the patient has a paraparesis, but at this point the disc herniation is usually large, and the result of the disc removal is less certain. Most of the 7 patients discussed had an early diagnosis made. Six patients were treated by the transthoracic anterolateral approach, and improvement occurred in all.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Transabdominal neurostimulation (TANS) is a new term and concept used in the prevention and treatment of adynamic or paralytic ileus. Though it may occur for other reasons, ileus is a frequent and common complication of acute spinal cord injuries. The calculated incidence of ileus in this study of 43 control acute spinal-injured patients at Northwestern University was 15%. Of 44 patients on whom the TANS procedure was used, none developed paralytic ileus. The primary advantages observed from the use of TANS were the following: the ease of application, the lack of major complications, and the prevention of ileus.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The influence of backrest inclination and lumbar support on the shape of the lumbar spine in sitting positions has been studied radiographically on 38 healthy subjects. Four angles of backrest inclination and four different sizes of lumbar support were studied. In addition, the lumbar support was placed at three different lumbar levels. When sitting down from a standing position, the pelvis rotates and the lumbar lordosis decreases. Increases in the backrest-seat angle had only minor effect on the lumbar lordosis. A lumbar support, on the other hand, had a significant influence: the lordosis increased with increasing support. The location of the lumbar support with respect to the level of the spine did not significantly influence the measured angles.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Eighty-one patients under the age of 20 years who underwent fusion for symptomatic spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis were evaluated. Sex distribution was equal. Initial symptoms included back pain in 90% of patients, radicular pain radiating to an L5 or S1 nerve root distribution in 57%, and back deformity in 46%. Physical findings included diffuse lumbosacral tenderness in 70% of patients, increased lumbar lordosis in 63%, and neurologic deficit of an L5 or S1 nerve root in 16%. Roentgenograms demonstrated lytic pars interarticularis defects in 9% of patients without olisthesis, while 35% had slips of greater than one-half the width of the sacrum. Radiographic nonunion after fusion was diagnosed in 15% of patients. Spastic cerebral palsy and increased length of fusion predisposed to nonunion, while severity of olisthesis and ambulatory treatment postoperatively could not be implicated. The final results of fusion were both subjectively and objectively satisfactory. Eighty-one percent of patients had no or very mild pain which did not interfere with activity, while 16% required occasional salicylates and only 2%, stronger analgesics. Ninety-one percent participated in athletics, and 73% of patients were employed at work which involved prolonged standing or sitting. Physical examination 5 years postoperatively in 27 patients demonstrated no evidence of hamstring spasm, supple spines, and only mild incisional tenderness. Neurologic examination was normal in all but 1 patient who remained unchanged following fusion 9 years previously.

ISSN:0362-2436    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1979

数据来源: OVID