摘要:

One of the processes recently introduced for assessing management of wild and captive populations is the Conservation Assessment and Management Plan. A CAMP workshop was held in August 1992 to develop a conservation strategy for 11 taxa of New Zealand penguins. Each taxon was reviewed to assess threats and to develop preliminary recommendations for research and management of wild and captive populations. In this paper emphasis is laid on the part which could be played by captive management, both in making space available for the most threatened taxa and in the use of captive propagation techniques to aid the recovery of species in the wild.

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03548.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Penguins have been exhibited at Edinburgh Zoo since 1914 and the Zoo is well‐known for its expertise in keeping and breeding these birds, in particular the King penguinAptenodvtes patagonicaand Gentoo penguinPygoscelis papua. Remodelling and extension of the existing penguin enclosure was completed in 1992 and a young group of Macaroni penguinsEudyptes chrysolophushas been added to the exhibit. The new enclosure is believed to be the largest penguin enclosure in existence and the larger and deeper pool has allowed the birds greater opportunity for swimming. The condition of King and Gentoo penguins has visibly improved and both species have produced young in the two breeding seasons since the reopening. In this paper the planning and design of the enclosure and water filtration is described, together with brief notes on the management of the bird

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03549.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

An indoor temperature‐controlled house exhibiting penguins and puffins was opened at Jurong BirdPark in 1990. The two exhibits are viewed through glass panels from a darkened public area and a ramp leads the visitor past an underwater view to the main viewing gallery. Southern hemisphere penguins and terns, and northern alcids and ducks are contrasted in simulated natural habitats. Of particular importance in a tropical‐climate zoo is the control of the environment within the exhibits and in the public a

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03550.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Black‐footed penguinSpheniscus demersuscolony at London Zoo established in 1967 is now self‐sustaining. Largely because of limitations imposed by the historic enclosure, a protected building which cannot be altered, newly hatched chicks are removed for hand‐rearing. This paper describes the highly successful rearing and reintroduction techniques i

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03551.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Improvement of the breeding results of pelicansPelecanusspp in captivity is possible and much needed. A variety of factors must be considered. Group size and composition are two of the most obvious and, with good inter‐zoo co‐operation, easily alterable variables. The experiences of zoos for which data are provided here give some indication of other important considerations. Much research is still needed before all of the mysteries regarding the breeding of these birds are unravel

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03552.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A young group of Milky storkMycteria cinerea, a threatened species listed on CITES Appendix I, was acquired by chance by Zoo Negara in 1987 and a captive‐breeding and reintroduction project attempted. Two pairs nested and laid eggs in their third year, earlier than expected, and one pair hatched two clutches, both of two chicks. The colony nested successfully in 1990 when some of the earlier clutches were taken for artificial incubation. Among the problems which have been overcome were loss of chicks through incorrect feeding, the collapse of the nest tree, weakening of pair bonds, possibly because of egg manipulation to encourage double clutching, and severe storm damage to the aviary with the total loss of eight storks. Six birds joined the Zoo's free‐flying colony of Painted storksMyrteria leucocephala. confirming the Zoo's expectation that released birds would remain near to their release site. and 21 storks were recovered. The Zoo is confident that the original reintroduction plan is feasible if the proposed release site can be secured and sufficient finance found to construct breeding/release cages on s

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03553.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

A Black storkCiconia nigramanagement survey undertaken in 1993 indicated that several variables, including nest type, enclosure mates, cage dimensions, whether the cage is covered and flight status of the birds may be factors in reproductive success. Predation was the primary cause of mortality, with trauma and intraspecific killings also being major causes of death. Reproduction could probably be improved and mortality reduced by taking these factors into consideration when designing Black stork enclosures. A number of Black storks are held singly and are unsexed; sexing and pairing of birds would almost certainly also improve Black stork breeding success in Europe.

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03554.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Although commonly kept in captivity the Marabou storkLeptoptilos crumeniferushas been recorded as a breeding species in only eight institutions. Details of Marabou management at the Zoological Center Tel Aviv and Noorder Zoo, Emmen, present contrasts related to climatic differences. Noorder Zoo's experience includes successful multiple clutching, incubation and hand‐rearing. Some notes on management at the other successful zoos are include

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03555.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Marabou storksLeptoptilos crumeniferusobtained as yearlings in 1979 and kept in a mixed‐species aviary at Jacksonville Zoo, first displayed courtship and nesting behaviour in 1985 but the eggs were infertile. Three eggs removed for artificial incubation in 1987 produced one chick; it was hand‐reared but did not survive to maturity. Between 1990 and 1993 six chicks were hatched and successfully reared by the parents. The paper reports hand‐rearing diet and behavioural observations of the breeding birds and notes participation of juvenile in rearing the following year's

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03556.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0074-9664    

DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1994.tb03557.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY