ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00370.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In this paper I compare the effects of the 1984 drought on agricultural production, income, food consumption, and nutrition of farm and non‐farm households in South Nyanza District, Kenya. Survey work covered the period 1984 to 1987. It was the late arrival of the long rains in spring 1984, rather than an absolute shortfall in rain, that caused most of the fluctuations in agricultural production. Agricultural households who were least affected by the drought were able to cope by increasing the amount of cultivated land and by relying more on coarse grain production. Coping strategies for the landless households in South Nyanza were more limited and this group of households therefore experienced greater fluctuations in income between the drought and non‐drought periods than did most types of agricultural households. Surprisingly, changes in food consumption between the drought and non‐drought periods were small for most households. In spite of differences in production, food availability and incomes, however, the health and nutritional status of pre‐school‐aged children was not significantly different in the two time periods. Differences in health and nutritional status appear to be influenced more by community‐level health and sanitation factors than by differences in agricultural production and incomes in drought and non‐

ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00371.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This paper examines issues related to famine resilience and describes the results of a survey of households who migrated from famine affected rural communities in Northern Darfur to the provincial capital, El Fasher, in western Sudan. It reveals that asset wealth did not enhance household resilience to famine; rather, the data indicate that households who reportedly practiced more numerous survival strategies before migrating to El Fasher were on the whole able to stay longer in their villages before migrating. The data also suggest that some households might have been better able to endure the deteriorating rural conditions by participating in intra‐communal practices of sharing resources. An additional issue influencing the timing of migration to El Fasher is previous familiarity with the economic opportunities in the provincial capita

ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00372.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Civil war has disrupted life in Ethiopia since the 1960s and many people have sought refuge in Eastern Sudan, particularly during the famine emergency of 1984–85. UNHCR has provided the main financial support for the refugee programme, but began scaling down operations in 1990. Nearly 300,000 refugees still live in camps and benefit from food and health programmes. Health services are co‐ordinated by the Sudanese Refugee Health Unit which operates a centralised health and nutrition surveillance system with the co‐operation of the NGOs responsible for health care in the camps. A revision of the monthly reporting system and the establishment of a computer database in 1990 provided an opportunity to review the situation in the camps over the five years since the emergency. Child death rates for example, appear to have been reduced to levels below those expected in rural Africa. Patterns of mortality, morbidity, and nutritional status are outlined here and point to the general effectiveness of the health care programme. The surveillance system can, however, be used to identify those camps which have persistent problems, while monthly comparisons with the situation in previous years can provide early warning of deteriorating condi

ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00373.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Health care provision and health status in Ban Napho Refugee Camp is compared with that of the surrounding Nakhon Phanom Province for the year 1988. Records for the period 1984–88 were also examined to compare trends in health status. Personal experience of health services in the Camp and visits made to local schools and health facilities were also used in the comparison. Although direct comparison was difficult (because of the mobile nature of the camp population and problems to do with the interpretation of statistics), it was found that health care for refugees was more comprehensive, at a primary level, than for the Thai population of the surrounding Province. Access to primary health care facilities in the Camp was, moreover, easier and free of charge. This may explain the higher use of health facilities in the Camp but, despite this, health and nutritional status appeared to be worse in the Camp than in the Province. Possible reasons for the difference in reported health status and the use of facilities are discusse

ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00374.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00375.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00376.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00377.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00378.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0361-3666    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-7717.1992.tb00379.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY