摘要:

The challenges that modern and responsive organisations face include becoming more customer focused, raising the quality of the product and services they market, and improving productivity. This address considers those challenges as they relate to the Australian Psychological Society.

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257309

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Health care is currently undergoing important changes characterised by waning confidence in the biomedical disease model, and increased acceptance of the multifactorial involvement in health of biological, behavioural, and social variables. These changes will create increased demands for psychological expertise, and new opportunities for psychologists. The present analysis of the role of psychology in health care suggests that theindirectapplication of psychological knowledge by nonpsychologist health practitioners is likely to make a greater contribution to public health and well‐being than the contribution of psychologists involved in direct service deliver

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257310

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

James (1994) describes one of the central dilemmas facing professional health psychologists. Should they become increasingly involved in training other health professionals to implement psychological procedures? What are the ultimate implications for their profession if they do so? This paper argues that James is basically correct in his overall recommendations but that an appropriate model for the transfer of psychological skills is required. A model is proposed which involves the recognition that because of their training, psychologists possess a thorough understanding of psychological theory and should therefore assume responsibility for its application. The ultimate well‐being of health‐care consumers may best be served by professional psychologists occupying consultant roles within the health‐care s

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257311

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

James (1994) discusses the intersection of psychology and health. He reviews the role of behaviour in morbidity and premature mortality, the rising costs and dubious benefits of curative medicine, the role of behaviour in preventing and alleviating chronic disease, and the importance of behavioural outcomes in health and disease. While James makes a good case for these points, his conclusion, that psychologists' response to these major health‐care issues should be to disseminate psychological knowledge to healthcare workers, can be questioned. Like many apparently convincing arguments, this one makes its point by adopting an artificially limited perspective. James' article takes a limited perspective on psychology, on health, and on how psychology may influence societ

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257312

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

I have argued that careful thought needs to be given to the question of whether psychologists should try to monopolise psychological knowledge or participate actively in its dissemination (James, 1994). My purpose in putting this argument was to draw attention to changing conceptions of health and well‐being, and the important implications that these changes have for the future role of professional and academic psycholog

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257313

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In the last two decades much effort in mainstream applied psychology has been invested in the change of fashion from behavioural to cognitive‐behavioural, and in incursions into new fields such as health. This activity has distracted researchers and practitioners from the task of addressing and resolving contradictions that have become embedded in the production of the discipline. There has been a pretence of continuous advancement while in reality the behavioural paradigm has collapsed and has not been replaced by an acceptable alternative. Urgent attention must be given to the resolution of these pervasive conceptual problems. It is the contention of this paper that the production of a well‐formed and applicable discipline requires detailed understanding and explicit utilisation of both positivist and interpretative methodolog

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257314

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

McGartland and Polgar's (1994) critique of contemporary psychological theories and methods rests on a false premise and inadequately characterises or summarises the theories and evidence on which it rests.

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257315

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The principal thesis of McGartland and Polgar (1994) is that for mainstream psychology to be a coherent and applicable discipline it needs to include, in a formal way, both positivist and interpretive methodologies and the data produced by them. In his comments on this article Dyck (1994) has demonstrated a failure to understand the nature of the relationship between positivist and interpretative methodologies, and has misrepresented the arguments used in exemplars to illustrate and support the above thesis. The point ignored by Dyck is that interpretive analyses of subjectivity and interactions in particular social contexts, such as when analysing the “errors” in the present debate, contain a richness of information that is unavailable when viewing the same events from an exclusively positivist perspect

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257316

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The Austin Maze is a version of a popular neuropsychological test which is employed, internationally, as a measure of spatial memory. However, in Australia, failure to attain errorless performance within a limited number of trials on the Maze is often interpreted as evidence of frontal lobe dysfunction. Such a result might then be used to make predictions about a client's potential for rehabilitation or a successful return to work. Moreover, a close reading of the way in which test signs have been used to infer frontal lobe dysfunction shows that test interpretation has changed over the years. The various “frontal” formulations are reviewed in an attempt to resolve some of the ambiguity in interpretation of the Maze. One of the current “frontal” hypotheses, namelyerror utilisation, is tested with archival data from six separate samples including normal controls and heterogeneous neurological patients. These data all support the parsimonious assumption that performance on the Maze is highly predictable from errors committed over initial learning trials. Finally, some directions for future research on the assessment of frontal patients are briefly con

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257317

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

This single case study of a patient with posttraumatic epilepsy examines the results of a neuropsychological assessment performed during an acute confusional state and a second assessment performed following resolution of the confusional state. In the period between assessments, factors emerged which seemed likely to provide a strong financial inducement to simulation. Despite the clear clinical evidence of improvement in mental state at reassessment, there was no real improvement in formal test scores. The Simulation Index (SI) score from the initial assessment was negative but the SI score at reassessment was positive. This shift of SI scores with the emergence of financial inducement to simulation is presented as further evidence in support of the validity of the SI.

ISSN:0005-0067    

DOI:10.1080/00050069408257318

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY