摘要:

Regulatory authorities are facing increasing challenges with respect to the newly-recognised public health risks associated with meat products. Meat inspection resources should be allocated according to their maximum ability to reduce food-borne hazards, rather than according to the classical rules of meat inspection. Scientific evaluation of routine post-mortem inspection procedures for each class of livestock, introduction of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point approach to process control, on-line testing for microbiological hazards and residues, and effective management of production, processing and inspection data are central to this process. The meat inspection system that has evolved in New Zealand reflects a response to non-scientific forces such as market requirements and industrial practices rather than scientific discipline. In the future, the daily routine of meat inspectors will be extended well beyond their current slaughterfloor responsibilities, and veterinarians will require specialist skills. Science should be the basis for international food regulation and policy concepts such as equivalence or mutual acceptance are achievable on this basis. (New Zealand Veterinary Journal 39,1–7, 1991)

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1991.35648

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This review of the general epidemiological aspects of embryo transfer indicates thalt the transfer of embryos provides the opportunity to introduce genetic material into populations of livestock while greatly reducing the risk for transmission of infectious diseases. Studies of specific diseases of livestock confirm that many pathogens are likely to be excluded when embryos are transferred. Twenty years of commercial embryo transfer under field conditions in a variety of species has not resulted in a single documented transmission of an infectious disease agent. Strategies for insuring that embryos are free of pathogens include the use of donors that are specific pathogen-free, washing of embryos, the trypsin treatment of embryos, or a combination of these methods. Although researchers continue to develop new procedures for the treatment of embryos to provide an even greater margin of safety, it is clear that existing techniques for the handling and transfer of embryos can be used to limit the spread of infectious diseases. (New Zealand Veterinary Journal 39, 8–17, 1991)

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1991.35649

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Groups of six goats were orally dosed with sporidesmin at rates of 0.3, 0.6, 1.2 and 2.4 mg of sporidesmin per kg body weight and their responses up to 6 weeks later compared with those of sheep dosed at the same time. Clinical facial eczema and pathological lesions similar to those found in sheep were found in all the goat breeds, but at higher dose rates of sporidesmin than those which caused equivalent lesions in sheep. Saanens were the most susceptible goat breed, requiring 2–4 times as much sporidesmin as sheep to achieve similar effects. G4 and feral goats required 4–8 times the sheep dose of sporidesmin to obtain similar responses. Gamma-glutamyl-transferase reached its highest serum levels after 20 days while glutamate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase reached their highest levels between 10 and 20 days. Alkaline phosphatase did not rise consistently to high levels in affected goats.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1991.35650

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The efficacy of controlled-release melatonin implants to advance the onset of the breeding season was assessed in l-year-old red deer hinds on five commercial deer farms in various localities in the North Island of New Zealand. Between 44 and 60 hinds in each of six herds were equally divided among treatment and control groups at each site. Melatonin treatment commenced between 27 November and 16 December and was achieved by the subcutaneous administration of two 18 mg melatonin implants. Three doses were given at about 30 day intervals. Two adult stags for each hind group were treated with three 18 mg melatonin implants concurrently on either two or three occasions. On each property, treated and control hinds were joined as one herd to treated stags commencing 30 January–10 February and concluding 15 May–2 June. The hinds in the four experimental herds underwent rectal ultrasound examination May–June to estimate conception rate and foetal age. Calving dates, hind and calf mortalities, weaning weights, and the antler growth cycle and harvesting data were recorded.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1991.35651

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The measures taken to eradicateBrucella ovisinfection from a naturally infected flock of 64 rams are described. Lesions of epididymitis were detected in 18 rams, all of which gave either positive or suspicious reactions in the complement fixation test. A further 20 rams gave serological reactions in the complement fixation test. Subsequently, semen was collected from 14 of these 20 rams andB. oviswas cultured from the semen of all 14 rams. Serum samples from two rams failed to react in the complement fixation test. However, they were identified as infected with the aid of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the subsequent culture of semen samples. It is suggested that, when eradicatingB. ovisinfection from ram flocks, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay be used in addition to both the complement fixation test and the physical examination. Using a combination of tests as described can increase the likehood of an earlier eradication ofB. ovisinfection. (New Zealand Veterinary Journal 39, 29–31, 1991)

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1991.35652

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

New Zealand Veterinary Journal 39, 32–3, 1991 In the past few years, increasing numbers of alpacas have been imported into New Zealand from South America, mainly Chile. The Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries brought a group of alpacas to Flock House Agricultural Centre in February 1990. As part of routine animal health procedures the alpaca were drenched with oral ivermectin (Ivomec oral solution for cattle, Merck, Sharpe and Dohme (NZ) Ltd) and vaccinated against clostridial diseases (Tasvax Covax 5, Coopers Animal Health NZ Ltd) and leptospirosis. A serological survey was undertaken to determine the response of the alpacas to leptospirosis vaccination.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1991.35653

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Giardia intestinalisis a pathogenic protozoan which infects humans and a wide range of animal hosts, including cats and dogs(1). However, the status of animals in New Zealand with respect toGiardiainfection has not received much attention, so we undertook a preliminary study of cats and dogs in Palmerston North and Hamilton to determine the prevalence of infection, as indicated by the presence of cysts in faeces.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1991.35654

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The affected farm near Dunedin runs 300ndash;400 breeding ewes with a lambing percent usually around 115ndash;118%. Hairy shaker disease had not been seen on the property until 1983, when there was a major outbreak. In March of that year, the farmer purchased ewes from a number of sources to bring his flock size up to about 400 ewes. As lambing approached, there were a few late abortions, and at lambing about 130 lambs died within a few days of birth, many of them being small and coarse-fleeced (hairy). Two hundred and seventy lambs survived, giving a lambing percentage of 68%. Many of the surviving lambs were hairy and in the next few months most of these developed scours or arthritis and were unthrifty. A diagnosis of hairy shaker disease was made on clinical grounds, and this was confirmed by the culture of the virus from several hairy lambs. It seemed likely that the infection had been introduced with the ewes purchased around tupping time.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1991.35655

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

New Zealand Veterinary Journal 39, 3.5–6, 1991 For some considerable period it has been my intento to record a note of caution about the use of the serving capacity test(1)as a soundness examination for 2-year-old bulls. While the principles of the serving capacity test are well established and have proven in the field to be extremely valuable to the clinician, some care is required in its interpretation with 2-year-old bulls. This is specifically in the situation where certification for breeding soundness is required. Failure of a 2-year-old bull to perform (i.e. poor libido) at a single serving capacity test is not in my experience sufficient reason to issue a certificate of unsoundness for breeding purposes. This is based on my experience of testing about 200 bulls annually for 10 years.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1991.35656

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1991

数据来源: Taylor