摘要:

Following the recognition of the novel disease bovine spongiform encephalopathy in Great Britain in 1986, epidemiological and other research studies were initiated. The initial results of these studies revealed that bovine spongiform encephalopathy was caused by a scrapie-like agent and the vehicle of infection was meat-and-bone meal incorporated into cattle feedstuffs as a protein source. The British cattle population became effectively exposed in 1981-82 and this was associated with a dramatic reduction in the use of hydrocarbon solvents for the extraction of fat in the production of meat-and-bone meal. The feeding of ruminant-derived protein to ruminants was statutorily banned in July 1988 to prevent further exposure from the food-borne source. This paper reviews the epidemiological aspects of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and the occurrence of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in other species.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35774

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The design, construction and use of a device to detect changes in deer pedicle volume are described. The device is highly sensitive for detecting the initiation of pedicle growth. Between- sample differences of 170 mm3in the pedicle volume of live deer were detected (triplicate measurements) using the detector; these correspond to a change in height of the pedicle of at most 0.67 mm. The within sample coefficient of variation was 1.4%. The pedicle growth detector enables more precise measurements to be obtained for identifying the onset of pedicle development to the nearest week than is currently possible with palpation.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35775

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The behaviour of two pens of mixed British breed male sheep transported by ship from New Zealand to Saudi Arabia was studied. One of the groups was carried above decks (n = 128) and one below decks (n = 116). Observations were conducted four to five times daily throughout the 24-day voyage. Over the whole voyage the most common activities were standing, lying and feeding.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35776

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The effects of the addition of salt (sodium chloride) and sodium bentonite to hay-based pelleted rations on feed and water intake, digestibility, the output of urine and faeces, and faecal consistency were evaluated under conditions resembling those used for the shipment of live sheep

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35777

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The results from routine monitoring of parasite burdens in ewe flocks from 1980 to 1991 by the Massey University Veterinary Clinic were analysed. Faecal strongylate nematode egg counts from 401 flock samples were analysed according to ewe age (two-tooth, 16-23 month-old vs mixed-age, greater than 2-year-old ewes) and month of the year. Each flock sample contained faeces from ten ewes and nematode egg counts were carried out on each faecal sample. ln the mixed-age ewes, the overall mean faecal egg count per gram of faeces (epg) was lowest during January (82 epg) and rose to a peak during October (539 epg). The overall mean faecal egg count in two-tooth ewes remained constant from January (240 epg) to June (294 epg) and dropped during July (156 epg). Overall, 8% of the mixed-age ewes and 12% of the two-tooth ewe submissions had a mean egg count equal to or greater than 500 epg. It is possible that these data over-estimate the pasture contamination by ewes as farmers are more likely to submit faecal samples and to seek veterinary assistance when parasitism is thought to be a problem. The role of ewes as a source of pasture contamination should be considered when developing parasite control regimes on farms.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35778

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

One hundred ovine and 100 bovine carcasses in two abattoirs were sampled just after dressing for the presence ofYersinia enterocolitica, Listeria monocytogenesand motile aeromonads.Yersinia enterocoliticawas not isolated and only two samples were positive forListeriaspp. In both cases, theListeriaspecies were not normally pathogenic to man. In contrast, motile aeromonads were isolated from 81% of ovine and 35% of bovine carcasses.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35779

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Angora goats of both Texan and South African origin have recently been released from quarantine and are now present on many properties throughout New Zealand. Based on observations during the quarantine period, the health problems of these goats are similar to those experienced by Australasian Angoras, but some differences are likely to emerge. A notable example is a syndrome characterised by ventral oedema and referred to by many goat farmers as “water belly”. The oedema is often severe with massive subcutaneous swelling along the ventral abdomen and brisket, sometimes extending up the neck to the sub- mandibular region and down into the legs (Figure 1). Goat owners encountering this problem for the first time will no doubt be concerned and, because of the high value of these animals at present, are likely to seek veterinary advice. The purpose of this letter is to bring the ventral oedema syndrome to the attention of veterinary practitioners, share what little knowledge I have on its clinical characteristics and suggest a possible mechanism.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35781

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The control of gastrointestinal parasites in goats by the use of anthelmintics has been and continues to be problematic. Products used successfully in sheep sometimes appear to be less effective than expected when used in goats. Parasites resistant to ivermectin have been reported in goats in New Zealand but not in sheep. I write to report a case that raises issues pertaining to the relative effectiveness of different routes of anthelmintic administration in goats.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35782

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

We recently published a paper(1)documenting the success of head-only electrical stunning in red deer (Cervus elaphus). This work has now been extended to fallow deer (Dama dama) to determine whether there are differences between this species and red deer in terms of behavioural responses and effectiveness of electrical stunning.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35783

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In Table I of the paperGrowth hormone responsive dermatosis in three dogs(New Zealand Veterinary Journal 41, 19.5-9, 1993), the units for the following biochemical tests are given in μmol/l, whereas the correct units are mmol/l: blood urea, glucose, cholesterol, calcium, inorganic phosphate, sodium and potassium.

ISSN:0048-0169    

DOI:10.1080/00480169.1994.35784

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1994

数据来源: Taylor