摘要:

This paper reviews existing information on retirement from sport and offers an interpretation of the retirement process that will both challenge widespread assumptions held by sport sociologists and provide hypotheses for future research. The dynamics of the retirement process are discussed for athletes in top-level interscholastic and amateur sports as well as in professional sports. Existing data suggest that retirement for athletes in each of these contexts is not an inevitable source of stress, identity crises, or adjustment problems. It is argued that the dynamics of the sport retirement process are grounded in the social structural context in which retirement takes place. Factors such as gender, race, age, socioeconomic status, and social and emotional support networks shape the manner in which one makes the transition out of sport. Therefore, retirement from sport sometimes may be the scene of stress and trauma but, by itself, it often is not the major cause of those problems.

ISSN:0033-6297    

DOI:10.1080/00336297.1983.10483777

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This article is divided into two main parts. The first provides an account of the radical view of leisure research as it has emerged in recent literature. This focuses upon views of social class as the main dimension of social composition in leisure groups, explanations of change which stress the causal significance of class conflict, and theories relating to the social significance of leisure groups for ideological control and class domination. The second section of the article provides a critique of the radical view and suggests an alternative formulation of research orientations and issues. In particular, a range of significant dimensions in the social composition of leisure groups is postulated, and conceptual formulations are proposed for the study of change which take account of configurational and multifactor approaches. The suggestion is made that the nature of the satisfactions derived by participants from their pursuit of leisure activities should be an essential feature of any analysis of the social significance of leisure provision.

ISSN:0033-6297    

DOI:10.1080/00336297.1983.10483778

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In 1918 Thorstein Veblem, one of American society's most and caustic critics, aimed his analytic eye at the institution of American higher education. The thread of economics ran through most of Veblen's work, includingThe Higher Learning in America. He described the businesslike posture take in American colleges and scrutinized, in particular, the place of college athletics within the“business”of higher education. This paper considers how Veblen's commentary applies to contemporary college athletics.

ISSN:0033-6297    

DOI:10.1080/00336297.1983.10483779

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

This paper argues that examining the symbolic dimensions or meanings of spectator sport is a useful approach to understanding its powerful appeal. Spectator sport is analyzed through six categories of symbolicity: recurring life issues, transcendence of human limitations, rebellion against industrialized society, aesthetic unity and completion, religious overtones, and political dimensions. Beyond demonstrating the usefulness of these categories, this theoretical introduction should inspire researchers to look for other meanings which spectator sport carries.

ISSN:0033-6297    

DOI:10.1080/00336297.1983.10483780

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Allen Guttmann has discussed the quest for records as a distinguishing characteristic of modem sport. I contend in this paper that while on the surface a distinction between modern sport and earlier forms of sport can be made on the basis of that characteristic, this may conceal or obscure a significant continuity or parallel between Greek athletics and modem athletics. The parallel that I propose is the similarity, both functional and substantive, of records in modern athletics and the victory odes of Pindar in Greek athletics with regard to the possible legitimation of sport in the context of a symbolic world view. This parallei is developed through a discussion of Paul Weiss's treatment of records and an interpretation of Pindar's victory odes.

ISSN:0033-6297    

DOI:10.1080/00336297.1983.10483781

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Graduate physical education is not always as it seems. Those committed to graduate education, consumers (students) and designers (administrators and faculty), hold a variety of assumptions prior to and during the academic year. Students assume they are educated by knowledgeable and dedicated mentors. Faculty assume that the curriculum meets the needs and interests of students. Administrators presume that effective teaching and learning occur in each graduate class. These assumptions may not accurately reflect the current status of graduate physical education programs. This paper examines the milieu of erroneous assumptions. Values and maxims surrounding graduate programs must be clarified. Such assumptions, by and among concerned parties, should be explicit and should be shared to produce a scholarly atmosphere for learning.

ISSN:0033-6297    

DOI:10.1080/00336297.1983.10483782

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

On the premise that profession does not know where it stands in regard to the developing body of knowledge in the many subdisciplinary and subprofessional aspects of sport and physical education, it is recommended that an inventory of scientific finding arranged as ordered generalizations be developed to help the field's many professional practitioners—be it as teacher, coaches, performers, scholars and researchers, superviosor, or administrators. This paper discusses the 20th century development of the field. Based on this development, the discussion will consider what a comprehensive taxonomy of the profession's knowledge base should include, how a plan was formulated for an inventory of scientific finding and how that inventory would be constructed, why a systems approach is needed now to consolidate the evolving profession's future status and what is needed as the profession develops in the next few years. A concluding statement explains that this golden opportunity to achieve true professional status must be exploited very soon or it may never be available again.

ISSN:0033-6297    

DOI:10.1080/00336297.1983.10483783

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

In recent years there has been evidence of an identity problem within the field of physical education. The problem appears to be largely one of organizational confusion. Form one standpoint, physical education has developed as an umbrella program with no real focus. On the other hand, from the public perspective, physical education is associated with the gym class. The irony of the situation is that fine work within the field of physical education is not receiving due attention while the popularity of sport, dance, and exercise programs has reached an all-time high. The proposed solution is to reorganize. Physical education should be replaced with viable programs with a future: Sport Management, Dance Management, and Exercise Science.

ISSN:0033-6297    

DOI:10.1080/00336297.1983.10483784

出版商:Taylor&Francis Group    

年代:1983

数据来源: Taylor