ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1995.tb00875.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:*The paper discusses the relevant institutional and economic aspects of the postal service, and analyses both the arguments for abolishing the statutory monopoly and those for retaining it. The main thesis of the paper is that public and private postal services differ from each other in many aspects: transaction costs, the willingness of the customer to pay, market structure, and possibilities of substituting the service with other communication instruments. Therefore, a simple privatisation will not solveper sethe efficiency problems of the service. furthermore, the European Commission, which published in 1992 a green paper on postal services, is considering the possibility of harmonising the quality of the service within the EU and gradually reducing the gap in national postal prices. This seems to be an effective device to force firms towards the greater efficiency required in a Continental market. In future, the competition will take place not so much between private firms (more interested in running the high‐value segments), as between national public carriers, as shown by the phenomenon of remai

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1995.tb00876.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:*This paper sought to establish how technically efficient Post Office Counters is nationally and regionally. The method by which this was determined is data envelopment analysis, applied to data for 1989 on 1281 Crown post offices. The input used was labour, and outputs consisted of average waiting times as a measure of quality of service, and nine different categories of counter transactions. Nationally it was found that technical efficiency could be significantly improved by making more efficient use of labour inputs and reducing average waiting times. Wide disparities were found in regional efficiency and it was hypothesized that these relative differences were due to differing working practices, turnovers of staff and local labour market conditions. It was also concluded for the period studied that some structural inefficiency existed due to the existence of inefficient working practices and the lack of computerization of transaction procedures.

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1995.tb00877.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:*This paper applies the censored regression model under several distributional assumptions to data on charitable giving to public radio stations. The authors show that charitable contributions are positively affected by the level of use of a pure public good. Wing this factor into account they additionally show thd contributions to public radio do not support the public good hypothesis, but rather donors behave as impure altruists.

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1995.tb00878.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:*This paper examines the issues which may create pressures and incentives to introduce efficiency‐enhancing governance structures in enterprises which are privatized through voucher schemes in Russia. These pressures emphasize the need to view buy‐outs created on privatization as transitory organizational forms with a three‐stage process being suggested as the most feasible for developing governance mechanisms which produce efficiency gains, The paper uses illustrative case studies of the first major enterprises to experience post‐privatization ownership

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1995.tb00879.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:*This paper examines the desirability of an exogenously induced change in the preferences of individuals in an economy characterized by (i) asymmetrical, localized positive consumption externalities, (ii) private, non‐market, negotiation‐free transfers, and (iii) the ‘Samaritan's dilemma.’ A model is analysed in which a benefactor (individual 1) makes an unrestricted voluntary transfer to a beneficiary (individual 2) who ran use the transfer to increase 2's consumption of either a purely private goodxor a good y that generates external benefits for 1. Once 1 makes a transfer to 2, 1 cannot control how 2 spends it. If 2 fails to take into account this externality, then good y is under consumed and a loss in social welfare results. When such externalities and their concomitant welfare losses arise, conventional solutions are frequently inappropriate, impractical or impossible. This power shows that exogenously inducing the adoption of new externality internalizing preferences by the benefactor and the beneficiary not only increases the benefactor's transfer and the beneficiary's consumption of good y but also produces a ‘socially superior’ state. The welfare improvement is measured in terms of a welfare criterion that is based on the initial and new preferences of eac

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1995.tb00880.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:1370-4788    

DOI:10.1111/j.1467-8292.1995.tb00881.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY