ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03149.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Recent developments in multiple objective decision making methods presented in the upcoming sequence of research papers are evaluated and compared with respect to their usefulness in addressing challenging problems in water resources management. Because many of the decision making techniques originated in the field of operational research, the historical evolution of this field is outlined and the current need for developing a wide range of techniques for employment in strategic decision making is pointed out. Informative attributes for classifying decision making techniques are given to allow a practitioner to select decision aids that can best model the key characteristics of the particular problems under study. By systematically applying a wide variety of multiple objective decision making techniques to many different kinds of water resources problems, the authors of the papers clearly demonstrate the effectiveness of utilizing these methods for assisting in making both tactical and strategic decisions in water resources management.

ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03150.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:The aim of this paper is to present a multicriteria methodology for decision aid at the stage of programming a water supply system (WSS) for a rural area. The programming stage is an intermediate one between planning and designing water supply facilities, and can be decomposed into two problems: (a) setting up a priority order of water users, taking into account socio‐economic criteria; and (b) choosing the best technical variant of the WSS. Among the criteria considered for the latter problem, there is a criterion of distance between the socio‐economic priorities of users and the precedence orders of users according to the technical programming, which plays a coordinating role between problems (a) and (b). All steps of the presented methodology are illustrated by a real case st

ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03151.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Multicriterion decision making (MCDM) techniques were used to analyze a groundwater contamination management problem from the viewpoint of conflicting multiple objectives. The groundwater management model was used to find a compromise strategy for trading off fresh water supply, containment of the waste, and total pumping cost in a hypothetical confined aquifer affected by previous waste disposal action. A groundwater flow model was used to formulate the hydraulic constraints. A linear system model was used to describe drawdown and velocity as functions of the decision variables which were pumping rates. The model determines the pumping location and rates. A modified c‐constraint method was used to generate the set of nondominated solutions which were the alternative compromise strategies. Three different MCDM techniques, Compromise programming (CP), ELECTRA II and MCQA II, were used to select a “satisficing” alternative. Analysis of the results showed that, although these techniques follow different principles, the same preferred strategies were reached. Also, it was noticed that maintaining high groundwater velocities is expensive and difficult. In order to meet a two year target date, large amounts of water had to be pumped. Therefore, rapid restoration results in large pumping volumes and high

ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03152.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A multi‐criteria approach to ground water quality monitoring network design is developed. The methodology combines multi‐criteria decision making (MCDM) and modifications of geostatistical variance reduction analysis. Composite programming, a distance based optimization algorithm that employs a hierarchial structure, is used for the MCDM component of the design methodology. MCDM allows the consideration of numerous, often conflicting, design criteria. The methodology is useful for identifying the preferred combination of direct borehole and indirect geo‐electric data. It also permits the use of prior information during initial stages of network development. Multi‐variate kriging is employed to evaluate network performance using the combination of direct borehole data and indirect geoelectric data. Weighted measures of estimation variance are used as primary measures of performance, with the reduction in estimation variance being computed by the fictitious point method. Case study results demonstrate that the network design methodology can be used in both early and late phases of network development. It also leads to selection of the preferred combination and spatial orientation of direct and indirect data sources while considering cost‐effectiveness and performance of alternativ

ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03153.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A multiple objective framework for water resources problems possessing uncertain or imprecise elements is provided using distance‐based concepts, fuzzy set theory, and fuzzy arithmetic. The case of regional management of a karstic aquifer in Hungary in which six conflicting objectives and six alternatives have been identified illustrates the methodology The objectives are classified into three groups of two objectives each, namely: (1) environmental (aesthetics, thermal springs temperature), (2) economic (mining, tourism), and (3) water quality (nitrates, phosphates). Both environmental objectives are formulated under fuzziness, and all objectives are scaled using the extension principle. Fuzzy compromise programming (FCP‐I) is then applied; here, all six objectives are entered in a singlelpnorm measuring the distance between each alternative and an ideal point. Next, fuzzy composite programming (FCP‐II) is developed; here, a trade off is first made within each group of objectives, and then an upper level trade‐off takes place between the three groups. The fuzzy numbers describing each alternative as a result from applying these techniques are ranked to yield an ordering of the alternatives. The results of applying FCP.I, FCP‐II, and two different ordering techniques are compared. The FCP‐II technique appears to provide a relatively simple approach at hierarchical or multilevel multiple objective decision‐making, where uncertainty is described by fuzziness. (KEY TERMS: compromise programming; fuzzy arithmetic; fuzzy sets; hierarchical criteria; karstic aquifer;lp, norms; mining; multiple objectives; the

ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03154.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Two simple interactive techniques are developed and illustrated by means of two different real‐life examples in Thailand. The first technique, Evolutionary Sequential Multiobjective Problem Solving (ESEMOPS), is an open‐ended algorithm designed for planning problems with discrete alternatives. ESEMOPS helps the decision making group (DMG) develop progressively a preference function over the alternatives. The algorithm follows an evolutionary “breeding” strategy to generate a small set of good alternative solutions. This heuristic search, which does not guarantee that the adopted ‘satisfactum’ is an efficient solution leads to plausible results when applied to the planning of the Mae Khlong‐Chao Phraya interbasin water transfer and irrigation system. The second algorithm, Search Beam Method (SBM) is essentially a series of one‐dimensional searches for an efficient point along a “beam” passing through a goal point. Repeated search towards displayed goal points is leading to a set of quasi non‐dominated solutions. SBM is illustrated by the Ubol Ratana reservoir control problem with the two conflicting objectives of energy generation and irrigation water supply. Neither ESEMOPS nor SBM require that weights, utilities, or pairwise tradeoffs be assessed. These features have been very much appreciated by a real DMG presented wi

ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03155.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A research project was undertaken for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to determine the relative utility and effectiveness of four well‐known multicriteria decision making (MCDM) models for applications in realistic water resources planning settings. A series of experiments was devised to examine the impact of rating and ranking procedures on the decision making behavior of users (e.g., planners, managers, analysts, etc.) when faced with situations involving multiple evaluation criteria and numerous alternative planning projects. The four MCDM models tested were MATS‐PC, EXPERT CHOICE, ARIADNE, and ELECTRE.Two groups of analysts and decision makers were tested. One group consisted of experienced U.S. Army Corps planners, while the other was comprised of graduate students. Based on a series of nonparametric statistical tests, the results identified EXPERT CHOICE as the preferred MCDM model by both groups based largely on ease of use and understandability. ARIADNE fostered the largest degree of agreement within and among the two groups of individuals tested. The tests also lend support to the claim that rankings are not affected significantly by the choice of decision maker (i.e., who uses any of these MCDM models) or which of these four models is u

ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03156.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Six applications of multiobjective decision making techniques for finding optimal or satisfying operating rules for reservoir systems are presented. The examples include situations with hydropower vs. water supply (for irrigation), flood control vs. low flow augmentation, selection of an operating rule, low‐flow vs. reliability, and low flow and recreation vs. water quality. The techniques applied include the constraint method, compromise programming, goal programming, Tchebycheff approach (max‐mm), Consensus, and ELECTRE I and

ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03157.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Development of optimal operational policies for large‐scale reservoir systems is often complicated by a multiplicity of conflicting project uses and purposes. A wide range of multiobjective optimization methods are available for appraising tradeoffs between conificting objectives. The purpose of this study is to provide guidance as to those methods which are best suited to dealing with the challenging large‐scale, nonlinear, dynamic, and stochastic characteristics of multireservoir system operations. As a case study, the selected methodologies are applied to the Han River Reservoir System in Korea for four principal project objectives: water supply and low flow augmentation; annual hydropower production, reliable energy generation, and minimization of risk of violating firm water supply requirements. Additional objectives such as flood control are also considered, but are imposed as fixed constrai

ISSN:1093-474X    

DOI:10.1111/j.1752-1688.1992.tb03158.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY