摘要:

AbstractThe current status of the generalizability (i.e., application across situations) and specificity (i.e., differentiation from other deviant behavior stigmas) of the mental illness stigma was re‐examined 25 years after delineation by Lamy (1966). College undergraduate students completed 30 forced‐choice items measuring deep‐level attitudes toward ex‐mental patients vis‐à‐vis ex‐convicts or ex‐drug addicts. Etiological factors and various areas of functioning (i.e., psychological and social functioning, dating and romantic relationships, family, children, work, and rehabilitation and recidivism) were considered. An attitudinal hierarchy was found for the three deviant social roles, with the ex‐drug addict role eliciting the least negative attitudes and the ex‐convict role eliciting the most negative attitudes. The current results indicate that the stigma associated with the ex‐mental patient role continues to be specific to that deviant social role; however, as compared to the results of Lamy, attitudes toward this deviant social role have evolved in a positive direction. The generalizability of the stigma reported by Lamy has diminished in relation to negative attitudes but remains somewhat stable for positive attitudes. Although college students were the participants in Lamy's study, their use in this study may restrict the generalizability of these deep

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199501)23:1<3::AID-JCOP2290230102>3.0.CO;2-W

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper reports the results of two screening studies using the AML, a brief teacher rating scale, to detect school maladjustment in primary grade children. Identical experimental procedures were used in each study. Teachers in grades 1–3 in two public schools rated children using the AML. The classroom behavior of children identified by the AML as having school adjustment problems was then independently assessed. Data from well– adjusting peers were used to determine the range of normal behavior in each classroom. In Study 1 the AML successfully identified children whose classroom behavior was beyond normal limits. These findings were replicated in Study 2. Across both studies, the AML had a true‐positive hit rate of 93% and a false‐positive rate of only 7% in identifying school maladj

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199501)23:1<18::AID-JCOP2290230103>3.0.CO;2-J

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractFamily and community support resources available to 200 primiparous and 44 multiparous pregnant students were examined. All pregnant students included in the study were unmarried, African American, and enrolled in urban public high schools of a large midwestern city from 1986 to 1989. Results showed that (a) support persons in the family system were mentioned more frequently than those in the community system in all support functions and by all pregnant students; (b) at least two thirds of all available support involved the baby's father and the student's mother, but their support functions differed; and (c) parity tended to be related to the interplay between the support person and the support function. Health professionals must identify appropriate support persons for the pregnant student and include them in the care process.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199501)23:1<28::AID-JCOP2290230104>3.0.CO;2-F

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractOne hundred ninety‐four lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth between the ages of 15 and 21 were surveyed about victimization due to their sexual orientation. Three areas were assessed: (1) the prevalence of different kinds of victimization, ranging from verbal abuse to armed assault; (2) the specific social contexts in which anti‐lesbian/gay victimization occurred, including family, school, work, and the broader community; and (3) correlates of anti– lesbian/gay victimization, including age‐related sexual orientation milestones, concealability of sexual orientation, sex, race/ethnicity, and safety fears. Most respondents had experienced some form of victimization, with no social environment being free from risk of harm. Particularly vulnerable for abuse were youth who self‐labeled or self‐disclosed at an earlier age and those whose sexual orientation was less concealed or

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199501)23:1<34::AID-JCOP2290230105>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to present a case study of two conceptually similar community organizing efforts that highlights commonalities and important differences. This study first presents a qualitative analysis of two approaches to community organizing for power. Our analysis was made possible by participation and collaboration with members of community organizations which opened the way for access to documents, events, interviews, and settings that formed the basis of our case study. We also present some quantitative data concerning participant perceptions of organizing experiences and outcomes. These data highlight important differences in community organizing approaches, differences we believe can be useful to our field as we struggle with the important concepts of empowerment and power.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199501)23:1<57::AID-JCOP2290230106>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough there is growing recognition that social strain can be a source of considerable distress, few studies to date have examined the ways in which social support may moderate social strain. In this study, social strain was conceived of as a stressor in its own right, whose adverse effects were expected to be alleviated by social support. Participants were 157 pregnant, minority teenagers, all of whom were attending an alternative school for pregnant students. Life events and social strain were positively related to depression. In addition, a significant interaction between social strain and cognitive guidance was found. The pattern of findings suggests that cognitive guidance may intervene between the experience of problematic social exchanges and the onset of depression. Implications of these findings for future research and intervention are discussed.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199501)23:1<74::AID-JCOP2290230107>3.0.CO;2-D

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis article describes the use of interactive videoconferencing in providing neuropsychological services to residents of rural areas. Videoconferencing, as employed in the service provision program described here, permits “live” interviewing of the client, and direction and supervision of a technician at the rural satellite facility. The advent of interactive videoconferencing via digital telephone lines has greatly reduced the cost associated with earlier rural health care efforts requiring satellite communication. Interactive videoconferencing enhances availability and accessibility of neuropsychological services to rural residents. Furthermore, initial informal evaluation of the program indicates that it meets with patient acceptance and satisfact

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199501)23:1<85::AID-JCOP2290230108>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199501)23:1<::AID-JCOP2290230101>3.0.CO;2-D

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1995

数据来源: WILEY