摘要:

AbstractData from a community sample of 1,784 Anglo, African‐American, and Mexican‐American adults were examined to assess: (1) the nature and magnitude of observed racial/ethnic and acculturation level differences in depression, (2) the relative contribution of sociodemographic and psychosocial factors (fatalism and religiosity) to observed differences, and (3) the joint effects of fatalism and religiosity as sociocultural resources with regard to depression in differing racial/ethnic and acculturation level subgroups. Analyses indicate the most dramatic differences in depression among males—African Americans were roughly similar to Anglos and levels of depression were significantly higher among the least acculturated Mexican Americans relative to Anglos, even after statistical controls. Acculturation level differences among Mexican‐American females were explained by statistical controls. Lower levels of depression among more highly acculturated than among less acculturated Mexican Americans provide little support for a simplistic stress formulation of acculturation. Rather, the interplay of acculturation, fatalism, and religiosity supports a more complex cultural marginality model, emphasizing the consistency of attitudinal elements and language use as facilitators or inhibitors of assimilation into Anglo culture. Both those who successfully acculturate and those who are most insulated in traditional culture appear least depressed from this pers

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199301)21:1<3::AID-JCOP2290210102>3.0.CO;2-9

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe present investigation attempted to increase the attendance rate for intake appointments at a community mental health center utilizing clinical versus clerical versus no confirmation telephone contacts, and to determine characteristics of those who appear versus those who fail to appear at intake. Respondents were 99 individuals contacting the center for services from July to October of 1991. A significantly higher attendance rate obtained for respondents who were actually reachable by telephone, suggesting that client stability factors play a role in predicting appointment attendance. Reachability may be related to reliability, in that attenders were differentiated from nonattenders in recent life stability but not more general demographic and socioeconomic factors, and clinically related variables. Though the present findings were tentative given the small sample size, implications are discussed for identifying those at risk for initial appointment nonattendance.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199301)21:1<21::AID-JCOP2290210103>3.0.CO;2-G

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA comparison was made of young (aged 18–24) and old (60 plus) respondents in a community mental health survey of 679 adults in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Young people had significantly poorer mental health than did the elderly respondents and also reported more suicidal ideas and behavior in their lifetime. Assuming that these findings can be generalized to a wider population, the results imply a steady increase in suicidal behavior as the present generation of young people becomes olde

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199301)21:1<26::AID-JCOP2290210104>3.0.CO;2-Z

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA community psychology perspective guided a field study of the social‐psychological aspects of the experimental community of Rajneeshpuram, Oregon. This natural experiment illustrates methodological and theoretical challenges to research on the community level. Entry into the community and the building of rapport was a slow and dynamic process, carried out by several methods, such as feedback from respondents, focus groups, and new approaches to the roles of investigators and respondents. Although informants proved to be necessary and valuable, community researchers should be alert to cognitive biases, including the false consensus bias, personal validation, and the self‐serving bias, that may lead informants to provide inaccurate information. This project also demonstrates the importance of studying behavior in context and how methodology from psychology may be used to enhance field stud

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199301)21:1<35::AID-JCOP2290210105>3.0.CO;2-Y

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study investigated the link between social support and positive constructs, specifically, psychological well‐being and the perceived ability to obtain and savor positive life events. Eighty‐two high school students were surveyed. Social support was significantly related to positive dimensions of subjective mental health (happiness, gratification, and self‐confidence), but not to its negative components (vulnerability, strain, and uncertainty), and was also significantly related to respondents' perceived ability to obtain and savor positive life events, but not to their perceived ability to avoid or cope with negative events. Future theory and research should examine the link between social support and positive constructs such as psychological well‐being and positive life exp

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199301)21:1<49::AID-JCOP2290210106>3.0.CO;2-I

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlternative mental health services for children such as parent training are expanding across the country. Yet the clinical picture of the children served in these programs is incomplete. In two studies we compare scores from standardized behavior problem inventories for groups of children from a parent training class with scores from groups of children from a clinic setting and a nonclinic setting. In study one we used the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI), an instrument that primarily assesses externalizing problems. In study two, we used the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), an instrument that assesses both externalizing and internalizing problems. The results from both studies show the scores from the parent training groups were equivalent to scores from the clinic groups and were significantly higher than the scores from the nonclinic groups. These results suggest parent training classes do serve children with clinically significant problems.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199301)21:1<56::AID-JCOP2290210107>3.0.CO;2-N

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper investigates the sources of work‐family strains and gains in a sample of 300 two‐earner couples. Although most men and women report work‐family gains, not all individuals experienced work‐family strains. Workload and the quality of experiences at work and at home were major predictors of work‐family strains. Experiences at work and at home, social support, and sex‐role attitudes were major predictors of work

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199301)21:1<64::AID-JCOP2290210108>3.0.CO;2-P

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199301)21:1<::AID-JCOP2290210101>3.0.CO;2-R

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY