摘要:

AbstractThis paper describes a process for needs assessment in community psychosocial work and discusses its epistemological bases, stressing the importance of felt needs and the process of dialogue that has to be generated between external researchers (i.e., those from outside the community) and internal researchers (i.e., people in the community). The ideological influence that can arise from the contradiction between felt needs and normative needs is analyzed through examples from the author's research in a slum neighborhood in Caracas, Venezuela. That influence is countered by prob‐lematization, consciousness raising, and de‐ideologization during the needs assessment process, also illustrated from circumstances which show the difference between perceiving and feeling a need. This procedure, nevertheless, does not provide a lasting solution. Constant efforts are needed to maintain the process of consciousness raising and to produce conversion as another cognitive process leading to the adoption of new points of view in the population. This counters the social pressure exerted on the commun

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199401)22:1<3::AID-JCOP2290220102>3.0.CO;2-2

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlthough past theory and research have emphasized the beneficial effects of maternal support for teenage mothers, this study suggests that adjustment to motherhood may be strongly influenced by relationship problems. Problems in mother‐daughter relationships were negatively associated with psychological functioning and social adjustment. Age and economic strain were also related to psychosocial dysfunction. Those participants who were younger and who reported higher levels of economic strain reported higher levels of distress and adjustment difficulty. Contrary to expectations, maternal support was not significantly associated with the teenagers' psychosocial adjustmen

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199401)22:1<12::AID-JCOP2290220103>3.0.CO;2-7

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractUsing data from a random telephone survey, this paper explores the nature of annoyances between neighbors. Neighbor annoyances were both pervasive (90% of the respondents reported that they experienced at least one annoyance in the last 3 years) and varied (averaging 2.5 different types per respondent). The estimated percentage of life stress attributable to neighbor annoyances was only 8.5%. However, for a small minority (6%), annoyance with neighbors consumed a considerable amount of their energy and, in some cases, led to forced moves and threats of violence. Implications of these findings for community mediation are discussed.

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199401)22:1<21::AID-JCOP2290220104>3.0.CO;2-6

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDecategorization is a process of restructuring funding sources and services to encourage interagency collaboration, out‐of‐home placement prevention, and innovative programming driven by needs of families as opposed to bureaucratic contingencies. In this study a community needs assessment survey was used as one of the first steps in decategorization program planning. The survey assessed the most serious problems, the priorities for tax dollar support, and the service needs in a county beginning decategorization of child welfare services. Methods, results, and implications are discussed and compared to other types of data available about needs of the residents of the county as a model for other communities that may be undertaking decategorization projects or other large‐scale planning ef

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199401)22:1<33::AID-JCOP2290220105>3.0.CO;2-X

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis paper presents a comparative analysis of the effects of acculturation and acculturative stress on the self‐esteem of Hispanic/Latino adolescents. The study is comparative in that it focuses on variations among both immigrant and native‐born Hispanics. The data were derived from a longitudinal study of adolescents (n= 6,760) being conducted in Miami, Florida. The sample for this paper (n= 4,296) consisted of all the adolescents of Hispanic heritage. A complex patterning of acculturative strains was found for US.‐and foreign‐born adolescents. Acculturation strains and family pride have more powerful effects on self‐esteem as acculturation increases among the foreign born, but the opposite is true for the U.S. born. The proportion of variance explained by the acculturation strains and family pride is greater for the U.S.‐born adolescents (range = 21% to 29%) than for those who are foreign born (range = 15% to 19%). The findings indicate that much of the research on this subject has failed to reflect the differential processes of psychosocial adjustment faced by immigrant and nonimmigrant adolescents. There are differences in the types of strains reported, as well as in the effects of the strains on self‐esteem. Low acculturation adolescents who are U.S. born have an especially problematic profile of strain, whereas bicultural adolescents born in the United States appear to have the best profile. The results suggest a need to advance from simple linear explanations to multifactorial stress models that will increase our understanding of the accultu

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199401)22:1<43::AID-JCOP2290220106>3.0.CO;2-T

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0090-4392    

DOI:10.1002/1520-6629(199401)22:1<::AID-JCOP2290220101>3.0.CO;2-K

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Inc.    

年代:1994

数据来源: WILEY