ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281291

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Interaction between Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied in chronic bladder infection made in male Wistar rats by implanting a knotted silk thread holding organisms into the bladder. Strains isolated from patients were used. The number of organisms in bladder urine was measured 1 week after the inoculation. When E. coli and P. aeruginosa were inoculated simultaneously, P. aeruginosa grew less well than when inoculated alone. When P. aeruginosa was inoculated into the bladder colonized with E. coli, P. aeruginosa was almost always unable to grow in the bladder, while E. coli inoculated into the bladder colonized with P. aeruginosa was able to grow there in many animals. Bacteriocin activity had nothing to do with the results. These results indicate that E. coli interferes with the growth of P. aeruginosa in mixed infection in the bladder.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281292

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281423

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Infusion of high doses of diethylstilbestrol-diphosphate (DESDP) administered to patients relapsing on conventional androgen-suppressing therapy of carcinoma of the prostate often leads to significant improvement of the patient’s quality of life. The benefits of DESDP have been ascribed to its specific cytotoxic activity towards prostatic carcinoma cells. To evaluate the tissue specificity of the cytotoxic effect, we exposed three prostatic carcinoma cell lines (LNCaP, DU 145, and PC-3), three non-prostatic neoplastic cell lines (KB: epidermoid carcinoma, EJ: Bladder carcinoma, Daudi: Burkitt lymphoma), and one non-transformed embryonic fibroblast line (MRC-5) to diethylstilbestrol (DES), DES monophosphate, and DESDP, at levels comparable to those occurring in patients’ sera during DESDP infusions. At concentrations of 1–20 µg/ml the drugs showed marked, dose-dependent cytotoxicity towards all cell lines under study. The variation of the magnitude of the response among the different cell lines was considerable. In LNCaP cells the synthesis of prostatic acid phosphatase was monitored. We found that DES slightly stimulates prostatic acid phosphatase production. Formation of focuses of polygonal cells in MRC-5 cultures was induced by 7.5 µg/ml DES monophosphate. We conclude that at high doses DES liberated from DESDP acts upon a general biochemical or regulatory pathway. Preferential sensitivity of prostate cancer cells in vivo may be due to high local phosphatase activity and/or DES accumulation in prostatic

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281424

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

We analyzed the significance of weight and various indices of relative weight in the assessment of genuine stress incontinence (GSI) in 193 female patients. Body mass index [BMI = weight/(height2)] and the other indices of relative weight [weight/height – weight/(height3)] were not markedly different between patients with GSI and a control group of 43 females without demonstrable incontinence. A markedly increased BMI was found to be correlated with a positive clinical stress test. In addition BMI was significantly higher in patients with a higher maximum urethral pressure. We conclude that although obese women tend to have higher maximum urethral pressures, this advantage disappears in regard to the maximum urethral closure pressure, resulting in a higher prevalence of positive clinical stress tes

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281293

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Diethylstilbestrol (DES) and its diphosphate (DP) are standard therapies for the prostatic carcinoma (PC). The effects of these compounds and of DES monophosphate (MP) were compared with regard to hormone receptor affinities, uterotrophic properties, inhibition of accessory sex organ weights, and tumor-inhibiting properties in hormone-dependent mammary tumor models in vitro and in vivo as well as Noble Nb-PC models. The estrogenic activity decreased in the order DES > MP > DP. The MCF-7 breast cancer cell line was inhibited by DP and to a somewhat lesser extent by DES and MP. In the MXT mammary tumor in vivo, all three compounds exerted a stimulatory effect at low doses, but were strongly inhibitory at higher doses. The accessory sex organ weights of intact male mice and rats were strongly reduced by DES, MP, or DP. In the hormone-sensitive Nb-H and in the Nb-R PC models of the rat, DES as well as DP caused a significantly better inhibition of tumor growth than did castration. The slightly inhibitory effect of castration was strongly potentiated by simultaneous application of DES. Therefore, in addition to the endocrine effects of DES and DP, a direct PC-inhibiting effect is obvious.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281426

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Forty-four consecutive patients with genuine stress incontinence were treated with norfenefrine 15–30 mg t.i.d. in a 6-week, double-blind and parallel, placebo-controlled study. Subjectively, 52% were improved and 26% became continent during norfenefrine treatment. Objectively (stress test), 30% became continent and the maximum urethral closure pressure increased 10% which was statistically significant. These results, however, were not statistically different from those of placebo treatment. Simultaneously, subjective and objective improvement was seen more often in patients given norfenefrine compared to placebo (p < 0.1). In patients with most severe incontinence according to urodynamic criteria the effect of norfenefrine was statistically significantly better than placebo. A low incidence of side effects was observed and no differences between norfenefrine and placebo were found. It is concluded that norfenefrine may be of value in the treatment of female stress incontinenc

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281294

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

For more than 30 years Fosfestrol (Honvan®) has been used as an estrogen for successful palliative therapy of prostatic carcinoma, but the pharmacokinetics of this compound were unknown due to the lack of analytical methods. Over the last few years we have developed a special extraction process for Fosfestrol and its metabolites from plasma with recovery yields > 90%. The simultaneous measurement of the most important compounds after intravenous and oral administration was achieved by high-performance liquid chromatography, either with the UV detector (236 nm) or with an electrochemical detector (+ 1 V). The working electrode is a carbon paste electrode constructed in this laboratory; the counter electrode is an Au and the reference electrode an Ag/AgCl electrode. The electrode processes have been clarified. Fosfestrol and its monophosphate exist only for a short time in small amounts in the circulating blood after intravenous administration, whilst after oral administration, not even traces of the phosphates could be detected in the plasma. The most important influence on plasma levels of Fosfestrol and its metabolites is due to the extraction function of the liver. Diethylstilbestrol conjugates enter into the enterohepatic circle, thus forming a possible source of DES available over more than 24 h. Only DES glucuronide and DES glucuronide-sulphate are renally eliminated and could be detected after administration over 3 days

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281427

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The pelvic pressure was measured with a noninvasive technique in 7 pigs with a total unilateral obstruction of the ureter lasting 4 weeks. Pressure measurements were performed once a week. Although there was a wide pressure variation both intra- and interindividually during the 4 weeks, all systems had an elevated pressure ( > 25 cm H2O) after 4 weeks. This study shows that the pelvic pressure can remain elevated in the chronically totally obstructed pyeloureter.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281295

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The ultrastructural change in rat kidneys was analyzed after intraperitoneal injection of oxalic acid. This study demonstrates fundamental alterations in the epithelial cells of the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT). At 8 h (group IV), cytoplasmic prolongations (CP) begin to be observed, which fill the lumens of PCT at 20 h (group VII) and 24 h (group VIII). Unusual mechanism of cytoplasmic secretion is suggested to this fact. Calcium salts were found on CP and in group VIII. At 16 h (group IV), intracitoplasmic membranous structures (MS) appear, which can emigrate across the microvilli into the lumens of PCT. At 24 h (group VIII), MS are also shown in basal zone and in basement membrane. We considered that CP, which can fragment, and MS are the ultrastructural substratum of the matrix of the calculis, corresponding probably to the substance A.

ISSN:0042-1138    

DOI:10.1159/000281296

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1988

数据来源: Karger