ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034437

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034438

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The rate and prediction of return to work was examined in 98 severely head injured patients during the first seven years after injury. The employment rate dropped from 86% before injury to 29% after. Younger patients, and those with technical/managerial jobs before injury were more likely to return to work than those over 45 years of age, or in unskilled occupations. Physical deficits were not related to return to work, but the presence of cognitive, behavioural, and personality changes was significantly related to a failure to return to work.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034439

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

A series of 100 patients 19 years of age or younger is presented. Age, mechanism of injury, Glasgow coma score (GCS), diagnosis, outcome, and other factors arc analysed. Ninety-four per cent of the patients had ICP monitoring, 68% had a good or moderately disabled outcome; that is, they were functioning. There was a 24% mortality. There was a 25% incidence of mass lesion and these patients did worse. The major cause of death was neurologic injury.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034440

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The effect of seizures on recovery of motor function was studied in rats following unilateral contusion of the sensorimotor cotex. Animals receiving two electroconvulsive seizures (ECSs) within the first 24 hours postcontusion showed accelerated recovery of beam-walking ability, reduced volume of necrosis and less spontaneous activity compared to animals receiving only contusions. Animals receiving seven ECSs after contusion had an even smaller volume of necrosis and also reduced spontaneous activity compared to the two ECS group and to controls receiving contusions alone. However, for recovery of beam-walking ability, the seven ECS group did not differ from control rats receiving only contusions. The results are discussed in terms of the effects of seizures on catcholamines, gamma-amino butyric acid, cerebral blood flow and possible effects on remote functional depression after brain injury.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034441

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

42 male minor and 56 male severe head injury victims, together with their relatives, were assessed in order to understand the nature of the impact of head injury on a close family member. Relatives experienced significant psychosocial difficulties which persisted throughout the year. A two stage model for understanding the causation of relatives' maladjustment is proposed. Rehabilitation programmes for relatives of severe head injury patients should look for vulnerability factors in the relatives, such as their own illness experience, as well as assessing current life stresses, such as the patient's view of his own progress.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034442

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

With increasing numbers of surviving head injured children and adolescents, there is a growing need to provide child neuropsychiatric services as a necessary component for their comprehensive rehabilitation. This paper discusses the critical role child psychiatry should have in pediatric head injury rehabilitation and outlines a framework for neuropsychiatric interventions including the use of neuropsychoactive medications. Case examples highlight the principles and practicalities of interventions.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034443

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Multiple lines of experimental evidence point to the involvement of endogenous opiates in appetite regulation. Post brain injury patients often exhibit driven eating behaviour. Since this problem fails to respond to behaviour modification, appetite suppressants, lithium, or any other usual approach, the use of the oral narcotic antagonist, Naltrexone, was given to three such patients. Naltrexone binds multiple opiate receptor sites in the hypothalamus, including the kappa receptors which have been implicated in appetite regulation, the use of this narcotic antagonist in hypothalamic hyperphagia appears to be a rational approach to this intractable problem.In this open trial, lasting from 4 1/2 to 9 months, the minimal effective dose appeared to be in the range of 100 mg per day. No side-effects (for example elevations in liver enzymes) were noted.All of the patients had an improved sense of well-being and their behaviours were less difficult to manage when on the Naltrexone.The significance of this preliminary trial is that narcotic antagonists may have a role in the treatment of brain-injured patients with bulimia. Also, Naltrexone may be useful in treating other maladaptive behavioural consequences of head trauma such as stealing, manipulation, demandingness, and depression. Likewise, the effects on the deranged endocrine system, such as the hypogonadism, are significant and deserve further exploration.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034444

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a variety of cognitive and behavioural disorders. A few reports have suggested that pharmacotherapy might be useful in the management of these disorders. We present a case of a patient who suffered a left subdural hematoma and herniated. Several months after the injury, his function was severely limited. Nevertheless, he demonstrated a clear improvement in response to oral methylphenidate and parenteral physostigmine. We conclude that specific pharmacotherapy may result in major cognitive and functional improvements in severely impaired patients.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034445

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The occurrence of post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) was studied in 164 consecutive closed head injury patients, each of whom had been unconscious and amnestic for at least one hour. The overall incidence of PTE was found to be 25%, significantly higher than previously reported. Analysis of data revealed PTE was not related to the presence or absence of a hematoma, but rather to the duration of the coma. The incidence of PTE was found to be 35% among patients comatose for three weeks or more.

ISSN:0269-9052    

DOI:10.3109/02699058709034446

出版商:Taylor&Francis    

年代:1987

数据来源: Taylor