ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00466.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00467.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.An examination of the technology use patterns and needs of 680 persons with mental retardation was conducted as part of a grant application process in response to P. L. 100–407, theTechnology‐Related Assistance for Individuals with Disabilities Act of 1988. Important trends which were deemed valuable for state technology planning purposes were revealed which have implications for other states desiring to develop comprehensive technology systems. Responses obtained from participants indicated that needs for technology were evident in all areas of life functioning, with computer technology being reported as the area of greatest need. Most respondents reported spending less than $1000 for their technology and more than half expressed that a credit plan would have been helpful in purchasing needed technology. Transportation services was reported to be an area of need for many persons participating in the study. More than half the participants indicated the need for more information relating to technol

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00468.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Down's syndrome (DS) children have been reported to have severe postnatal growth arrest and microcephaly. To determine if growth hormone (GH) deficiency plays a role in growth retardation in DS, 20 children were studied. The subjects (13 boys, 7 girls) were aged between 15 months and 13.9 years, had a height SDS ranging from − 1.19 to − 5.48, weight SDS ranging from − 0.21 to −4.58, head circumference SDS ranging from − 0.40 to − 6.6, and a skeletal age ranging from 0.9 to 4.6 SD below the mean for normal children of same age and sex. GH was evaluated by levodopa (125 mg up to 15 kg, and 250 mg between 15–30 kg), clonidine (0.15 mg m−2) stimulation tests and hGH secretory patterns by the integrated 24 h. GH concentration (IC‐GH) using a constant withdrawal pump with continuous blood collection every 30 min. The serum concentrations were: TSH, 0.7–8.0 mIU ml−1(0.2–5.5); T4, 6.6–14.3 μg dl−1(5–12); T3, 95–254 ng dl−1(85–185); LH,<2.0–8.3 mlU ml−1(<3); FSH,<1.3–7.2 mIU ml−1(<3); testosterone,<30 ng dl−1(5–35); estradiol,<5 ng dl−1(<5–25); prolactin, 35.7–2.9 (F: 5–25; m 5–15); and somatomedin‐C (Sm‐C), 0.14–1.98 U ml−1(0.08–5.90) (normal values in brackets). Peak serum GH after levodopa and clonidine was found to be below 10 ng ml−1for both stimulatory tests in seven out of the 20 children studied. Twelve children showed a disparity between levodopa and clonidine testing. Of the 12 children, peak serum GH after levodopa was found to be below 10 ng ml−1in five children; and peak serum GH after clonidine was found to be below 10 ng ml−1in six. One child had a clonidine peak increase in serum GH concentration exactly 10 ng ml−1, but had a 12 h IC‐GH of 1.5 ng ml−1(N<3.2). Two children with peak GH after clonidine above 10 ng ml−1had a 24 h IC‐GH of 0.7 and 1.3 ng ml−1. A fourth child who had peak GH concentrations above 10 ng ml−1with levodopa and clonidine had a 12 h IC‐GH of 0.5 ng ml−1. These data suggest that DS children have marked growth retardation, associated with a reduced serum GH response to levodopa and clonid

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00469.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In this study, WISC‐R and WAIS subtest profiles of mentally retarded patients with epilepsy are analysed with respect to the Verbal‐Performance IQ Discrepancy scores and rank order of mean subtest scores. The relative strengths and weaknesses in cognitive patterns of this sample are compared with subtest profiles mentioned in the literature on mentally retarded populations and samples of normal intelligent patients with epilepsy in order to determine the impact of epilepsy factors on cognition. The results indicate that people with mental retardation have problems with the verbal subtests Arithmetic, Vocabulary and Information, while patients with epilepsy have problems with Coding (Digit Symbol), Digit Span and Information. For this sample of mentally retarded patients with epilepsy, the most difficult subtests are Digit Span and Coding. The results concerning subtest profiles in different populations are discussed in light of the deleterious impact of epilepsy on cognition, which may superimpose the general effect of brain damage in mentally retarded patients. It is suggested that especially attentional processes, as measured with the subtest Coding, are vulnerable for epilepsy fact

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00470.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Stereotypy is one of the most common behaviours demonstrated by persons with mental handicaps. As such, it has generated a number of theories concerning its origin or maintenance. One of these theories, the homeostatic one, suggests that some persons engage in stereotypies and other motor behaviours in order to maintain a relatively constant level of responding. If this was indeed true, the fact would have important implications for treatment, i.e. those persons who varied rates of both stereotypy and other movements but retained an overall level of motoric responding would seem to be those for whom procedures like the differential reinforcement of incompatible behaviour would be highly appropriate. The purpose of this paper was to determine whether some people do engage in constant levels of responding, and it did so by collecting data on stereotypy and other motor movements of 12 persons with retardation. Collected throughout the sehool day for 5 consecutive days on micro‐computers, the data showed (1) that the stereotypic responding of four subjects was extraordinarily consistent, with the most deviant day's total being only 15 or 16% from the mean of the 5 days, (2) that other motor movements were inconsistent for all but one subject, but (3) that total movement (i.e. stereotypy plus other motor movements) was very high and was consistent for most subjects. The data were discussed in terms of assessing baselines for subjects for whom reinforcing adaptive motor movements would seem an appropriate means for reducing stereotypic respondin

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00471.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.Twenty‐nine healthy HBsAg‐ and HBsAb‐negative children with Down's syndrome who were living at home (mean age 42 months; 19 M, 10 F) were vaccinated against hepatitis B virus either with recombinant DNA or plasma‐derived vaccine. Both groups of children responded well to the vaccination schedules, with HBsAb seroconversion rates close to 100%. Vaccination against hepatitis B in preschool children with Down's syndrome is effective in spite of the existing abnormalities of the immune f

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00472.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The conununicalion skills in a 4‐year‐old girl with Rett syndrome (RS) prior to, during and after the characteristic regression period are presented. The case study serves to provide a detailed description of the typical communication skills seen in this population, even though this child must be considered an atypical case of RS. The case study emphasizes the need for the assessment and treatment of communication skills in cases with RS to focus on the intentionality and functionality ol the child's communicat

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00473.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Book reviewed in this articles:Health Care Financing for Severe Developmental Disabilities. By ArnoldBirenbaum, DorothySuyotand HerbertJ. CohenShare the Care: An Evaluation of a Family‐Based Respite Care Service. By KirstenStalkerMental Health Care Delivery: Innovations, Impediments and Implementation. Edited by IsaacMarksand RobertScottLet Me Count. By DorothyM. Jeffr

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00474.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1992.tb00475.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY