摘要:

ABSTRACT.Elderly people tend to be large consumers of medication in general and psychotropic drugs in particular. Sedative/hypnotics, anxiolytics, antidepressants, and neuroleptic drugs tend to be the most commonly used psychotropic medications among elderly people who are not developmentally disabled. These drugs are probably commonly employed among elderly mentally retarded people as well; although the rank order of use probably differs. A number of physiological changes which accompany greater age are described and the impact on pharmacokinetic variables outlined. Other factors associated with aging, which influence drug actions, are also outlined. The net effect appears to be that most drugs are more potent, more toxic, or longer lasting among the elderly. Data are also presented on tardive dyskinesia insofar as aging is concerned. This is followed by overall conclusions and some suggested guidelines for the use of these drugs in older mentally retarded persons.

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01510.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A gene map based on a compilation of genetic disorders involving mental retardation is presented. The presentation is divided into three parts; the first part describes 69 genes assigned to an autosome, the second part consists of the 73 genes assigned to the X‐chromosome, and the third part consists of genetic disorders without any known chromosome locatio

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01511.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In this paper, the authors report the results of a genetic‐diagnostic survey of 262 instutionalized moderately mentally retarded patients and compare these data with their previous studies of the severely mentally retarded. Special attention is given towards the nosology of X‐linked mental retardation and familial mental retardation in gene

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01512.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.In 1987, a survey of eye abnormalities was undertaken of the mentally handicapped patients in Stoke Park Hospital, Bristol. The total population was 367 patients (262 females and 105 males). Of the 367 patients reviewed, 218 were found to have one or more eye anomalies (including the Down's Syndrome group), which shows that more than half the patients suffered from eye disorders (59%). The prevalence of the following anomalies is presented in detail: strabismus, refractive errors and cataracts. Corneal anomalies, nystagmus, retinopathy, glaucoma and other eye pathologies associated with various syndromes are noted. Eye anomalies in 31 patients suffering from Down's syndrome in the sample are recorded. Preventative measures to ameliorate the defects of eyesight, particularly in the aging population, relevance of regular eye examination and medical or surgical treatment of eye disorders are discussed.

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01513.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The numbers of young adults with Down's syndrome is currently increasing due to improvements in survival and a period of increased incident numbers in the 1960s. Deaths from infection have shown the largest decline. Forty‐one per cent of survivors suffer from one or more serious morbid conditions, principally congenital heart disease. These changes are adding to the pressures upon local authorities for day and residential care facilitie

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01514.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.One hundred and twenty‐nine children in the 8‐ to 12‐year‐old age group in Cardiff were ascertained to have mild mental deficiency. Detailed obstetric data were obtained which indicated that nearly 69% of the children were associated with adverse obstetric factors. Fifty‐five per cent had the combined pathogenetic risk factors of pre‐, peri‐ and neonatal adversities. Forty‐two per cent of the cases had non‐optimal perinatal factors and 45% were considered to have prenatal causation. There were four children with chromosomal anomalies. The various adverse obstetric influences are dis

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01515.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A severely behaviourally disturbed three year old boy with the fragile‐X syndrome was treated wich intermittent folate therapy over a period of 2 years. No behavioural improvement was noted in this time but variations between cultural regimes for the successful detection of the fragile‐X marker were obser

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01516.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A case of trisomy 12p mosaicism originatingde novoin a 21‐year‐old profoundly mentally handicapped female who presented with severe behaviour problems is described. The 12p syndrome has been confirmed by clinical, cytogenetic and biochemical studies. The findings are compared with those of other cases with trisomy 12p arisingde n

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01517.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.A profoundly mentally handicapped patient is described with the karyotype 47,X, fra (X) (q27), + 21. Her phenotype demonstrates features of both Down's Syndrome and fragilc‐X syndrome. The authors believe only one other similar case has been describe

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01518.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT.The authors present three men with both acrocyanosis and Asperger's syndrome. Though the general incidence of acrocyanosis is unknown, they suggest that it is probably more common in autistic disorders and may be caused by hyperserotonæaemia

ISSN:0964-2633    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2788.1990.tb01519.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1990

数据来源: WILEY