摘要:

AbstractParaffin sections from 46 cases of Hodgkin's disease were examined for the presence of the Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐encoded latent membrane protein (LMP) using a sensitive (double layer alkaline phosphatase–anti‐alkaline phosphatase) immunohistochemical method. LMP was detected in 22 cases, the majority of positive cases being of nodular sclerosis (12/24), mixed cellularity (6/7), and lymphocyte depletion (3/3) subtypes. Only one of 12 cases of lymphocyte predominant disease was positive. In all cases, reactivity was confined to Hodgkin's and Reed‐Sternberg cells. These results provide further evidence for an association between EBV and Hodgkin's disease and indicate that LMP may be readily detected in archival

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its ligands are thought to be important in the control of proliferation of many epithelial systems, including the exocrine pancreas. Abnormalities in expression of two of the known ligands of the EGFR, transforming growth factor alpha and epidermal growth factor, occur frequently in ductal adenocarcinoma of the human pancreas. We have examined an archival series of cases of pancreatic pathology for expression of the EGFR using the anti‐EGFR antiserum 12E and found that there is almost ubiquitous overexpression of EGFR in pancreatic cancer and in chronic pancreatitis. Southern blot analysis showed no evidence of amplification or rearrangement of the EGFR gene. We conclude that an autocrine loop involving the EGFR system may be involved in the genesis of both neoplasia and reactive hyperplasia of pancreatic ductal epitheliu

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractMale breast carcinomas are probably hormone‐dependent, but receptor studies are few because this is a relatively rare tumour, We have studied 21 cases of male breast carcinoma immunohistochemically for oestrogen receptor (ER) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression employing the antibodies ER‐ICA and 12E on formalinfixed, paraffin‐embedded material. In our series, 86 per cent of male breast cancers were ER‐positive and 76 per cent were EGFR‐positive. Male breast carcinomas do not exhibit the inverse correlation between ER and EGFR expression that characterizes female breast carcinomas. Owing to the limitations of a small series, we were unable to comment on the relationship between ER and EGFR expression and patient survival. However, the relatively high incidence of ER expression may provide a growth advantage for this tumour in a male environment characterized by low levels of oestrogen. In addition, high EGFR expression may also contribute to a poor prognosis independent of

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe expression of cytosolic glutathioneS‐transferase (GST) isoenzymes has been assessed in a series of 74 primary human breast carcinomas using an immunohistochemical method. GST pi was detected in sections from all 74 tumours; it was expressed by non‐epithelial (stromal and inflammatory) cells in 62 tumours (84 per cent), but by tumour epithelium in only 35 (47 per cent). Non‐neoplastic mammary epithelium was uniformly positive for GST pi. Expression of GST alpha and mu was observed in 19 and 42 per cent of the tumours, respectively, and was largely confined to the neoplastic component. Lack of staining of tumour epithelium for GST pi was significantly associated with poorer tumour differentiation (higher grade). There was no association between expression of any of the three isoenzymes and either menopausal status or expression of c‐erbB‐2 oncogene protein product.Immunohistochemistry is a useful method for the investigation of expression and cellular localization of GSTs within tumours; such data are needed to improve our understanding of the role of these enzymes in neoplasia and in resistance to cytotoxic dru

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe presence of peroxisomes and their enzymatic content were investigated and compared in healthy and neoplastic human breast epithelial cells using cytochemical studies at the ultrastructural level as well as Western blot and biochemical analyses. Ultrastructural cytochemistry revealed the presence of these organelles in both normal and neoplastic breast tissues. Their mean diameter was 0.27 ± 0.11 μm. No significant difference was noted between numbers of peroxisomes in normal and neoplastic breast epithelia. Catalase,D‐amino acid oxidase, and urate oxidase were found to be expressed in mammary carcinoma and in surrounding non‐malignant tissue when the postnuclear supernatant fractions prepared from homogenates were assessed by Western blot techniques. Their specific activities and that of fatty acyl CoA oxidase as determined spectrophotometrically were found to be diminished in the tumour when compared with the control tissue. On the other hand, no significant difference was found in the specific activity of theL‐a‐hydroxy acid oxidase of normal and neoplastic human breast tissues. Investigations of the relationship between peroxisomal enzymes and tumour grade revealed that catalase, urate oxidase, and fatty acyl CoA oxidase activites in breast neoplastic tissues belonging to grade III were significantly lower than in the adjacent norma

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA total of 316 biopsies from patients with bladder carcinoma who entered a trial of the genito‐urinary group of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) were reviewed. The histological data were subsequently correlated with the clinical course. A strong correlation between the number of mitoses and the time of first recurrence, muscle invasion, and death was noted. Next the expression of Ki‐67 in frozen sections from 49 transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs) and the DNA content of the tumour cells were determined. The frequency of Ki‐67‐positive tumour cells increased with tumour grade and stage. Grade II TCCs and superficially infiltrating TCCs showed a wide range of Ki‐67 scores. There was a significant difference in Ki‐67 score between non‐infiltrating (Ta) and superficially infiltrating (T1) grade II TCCs. All DNA‐aneuploid carcinomas but also 15 out of 36 DNA‐diploid tumours contained more than 10 per cent Ki‐67‐positive cells. Only some of these tumours were DNA‐aneuploid or ‐tetraploid. The results indicate that the number of Ki‐67‐positive cells in grade II tumours may be a useful aid in separating grade II TCCs with a favourable prognosis from those

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe have investigated proliferation in bone marrow trephine biopsies from 32 patients with normal or abnormal haemopoiesis, using the monoclonal antibody PC10, which detects proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), together with immunohistochemical markers of haemopoietic cell lineage.PCNA immunostaining revealed the pattern of proliferation within individual haemopoietic lineages in normal marrow. Two unexpected observations were made: of erythroid cells, only pro‐erythroblasts and occasional early normoblasts reacted, and positivity of megakaryocytes was unrelated to nuclear lobulation or CD61 expression.The pathological cases represented conditions in which haemopoiesis is increased (reactive hyperplasia, chronic granulocytic leukaemia, myeloproliferative and myelodysplastic syndromes, megaloblastic anaemia). Increases in the number, and disturbances of the spatial organization, of PCNA‐expressing cells were present to a variable extent in all cases.Sheets of PCNA‐positive megaloblastoid erythrocytes were frequently found in myelodysplastic and myeloproliferative tissue, associated with marked disturbances in the spatial organization of all haemopoietic lineages. Cases of megaloblastic anaemia due to vitamin B12/folate deficiency also demonstrated greatly increased erythroid PCNA expression, with positivity in some giant metamyelocytes.In addition to reflecting increased proliferation, elevated PCNA expression in some bone marrow pathologies may be due to altered kinetics of the protein induced by disturbances in growth factor produ

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractNucleolar organizer regions are loops of DNA associated with silver‐stainable proteins (AgNORs). In general, malignant cells have more and larger AgNORs than benign cells. An inconsistent argyrophilic method and difficulties a objectively evaluating AgNORs account for some of the reluctance to utilize AgNOR staining as a diagnostic tool to differentiate benign and malignant lesions. Section from paraffin‐embedded cell blocks of 10 cases of benign and nalignatnt peritoneal effusions were stained with a modified AgNOR method. Backscattered electron imaging in the Scanning electron microscope, together with image analysis, was used to evaluate more objectively a number of AgNOR parameters and to determine which measurement was the most reliable discriminant of the two types of fluids. One hundred nuclei per case were identified and imaged. In contrast to benign nuclei, AgNORs in malignant nuclei were more numerous (P0.0001). and larger (P0.0001) A cut‐off mean AgNOR area of 1.1 μm2(P0.0001) correctly categorized all malignant (1.1 μm2) and benign (>1.1 μm2) cases. This system's objectivity and specificity could be and to enhance the cytological interpretation of effusions, where the separation of reactive mesothelial cells and malignant cells is extremely d

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractαB crystallin is a lens protein which has homology with the small heat‐shock proteins and is also expressed in nonenticular tissues. Polyclonal antibodies have been raised to a synthetic peptide corresponding to residues 1–10 of αB crystallin. The antiserum detects a 20 kDa polypeptide on nitrocellulose replicas after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate of extracts of heart muscle known to be rich in αB crystallin. Staining of normal human tissues reveals immunoreactivity of lens capsular epithelium, skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle. renal tubular epithelium, Schwann cells, and glial cells, as has been described by other workers. In addition, positive staining of normal thyroid epithelium, colonic epithelium, and stratified squamous epithelium was seen.Tissues known to contain ubiquitinated inclusion bodies were immunostained with the anti‐αB‐crystallin antiserum. Staining of cortical Lewy bodies, astrocytic Rosenthal fibres, and hepatic Mallory bodies was seen, but only a propertion of inclusions were positive. Neurones containing the ubiquitinated inclusions of Alzheimer's disease were only very rarely stained and the ubiquitinated inclusons of motor neurone disease were not detected by the antiserum. Reactive astrocytes in cerebral tissues were strongly immunostained.The results suggest that αB crystallin is involved in the formation of ubiquitinated inclusion bodies that have issociated intermediate filaments and support previous observations on the localization of a brain‐specific ubiquitin carboxy‐terminal hydrolase which similarly divides ubiquitinated filamentous inclusions in the central nervous system into

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractEndothelial cell injury is considered to be the primary event in atherogenesis. In this study, we investigated the effects of hypercholesterolamemia, and substances released from platelet‐rich thrombi, individually and together on endothelial cells and the wall of the rabbitin vivo. We divided 24 rabbits into four groups: I was a control group on a normal diet; II was a tubing group on a normal diet, in which polyethylene tubing was inserted into the ascending aorta; III was a group being fed a cholesterol diet; and IV was a combined group being fed a cholesterol diet with polyethylene tubing in the ascending aorta. Segments from the descending thoracic and abdominal aortas which were not injured directly by tubing were examined morphologically and for [3H] thymidine incorporation into endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells. The descending aortas of groups II, III, and IV showed various degrees of endothelial cell damage. [3H]Thymidine incorporation into endothelial cells and aortic wall was increased in groups II, III, and IV (most in group IV) as compared with group I.These data indicate that hypercholesterolaemia and substances released from activated platelets and/or white mural thrombi can cause endothelial damage which may result in endothelial and smooth muscle cell proliferation. In addition, a combination of these two factors showed an additive effect on the endothelial injury and regenerationin viv

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711660111

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1992

数据来源: WILEY