ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690102

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn the course of our study on Hodgkin's disease (HD), ten cases of non‐Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) containing Hodgkin and Reed‐Sternberg‐like (MRS) cells were encountered. Many of these cases had initially been diagnosed as HD, but on careful review of the histology, with the aid of immunophenotyping studies, they were reclassified as NHL. The presence of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in these HRS‐like cells was investigated using a combination of EBERin situhybridization (ISH) and immunostaining for the detection of EBV‐encoded latent membrane protein (LMP). HRS‐like cells in four cases (two lymphoplasmacytoid lymphomas, one Richter's transformation of lymphoplasmacytoid lymphoma, and one immunoblastic lymphoma of T‐cell type) were found to be EBV‐positive. In two of these cases, a second biopsy taken up to 10 years later also contained EBV in the HRS‐like cells. In three of the four cases, HRS‐like cells expressed the activation antigen CD30, but the expression of B‐ or T‐cell antigens was variable. All cases of T‐cell‐rich B‐cell lymphomas were negative for EBV. In conclusion, EBV may play a role in the development of HRS‐like cells i some cases of NHL. The relationship of HRS‐like ce

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690103

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIt is known that the distribution of stress and strain in the vessel wall is not uniform. We believe that this explains the location of the plane of dissection in dissecting aneurysms of large elastic arteries. We have investigated the effects of non‐uniformity of stress and strain on the thickness of each elastic lamella and on the distribution of intercellular junctions in the media of developing and adult rats, to seek evidence to support this hypothesis. Intercellular junctions were identified by transmission electron microscopy of whole wail sections. A morphomeiric study of elastic tissue distribution was made on an image analysis computer. Differences were analysed using one‐way analysis of variance.There are between six and eight elastic lamellae in the aorta of rats. In the fetus, only the internal elastic lamella is complete; the others were not fully formed by term. In the adult, the inner five elastic lamellae were thicker than the remaining two or three, and smooth muscle cells in the thicker lamellar units had more cell‐cell contacts of all types examined. These data support the concept of a difference in stress‐resisting properties of the aortic wall on the junctions between the inner two‐thirds and the outer third of the media.The findings indicate that, as proposed in theoretical models the innermost lamellae support the high tension. In the adult aorta, the structure is modified to enhance the capacity to resist stress in the internal two‐thirds of the media. This leaves a clear change in form at the junction with the external third of media, where tearing might be expected with exposure to high levels of stress. We suggest that this is critical in the location of aortic

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690104

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractTwo hundred and thirty‐eight cervical lesions ranging from normal to malignant were examined for overexpression of p53 protein. Whereas p53 protein was identified in 62 per cent of invasive squamous cell carcinomas, 11 per cent of invasive adenocarcinomas, and 7 per cent of squamous cell carcinomasin situ, no staining was found in adenocarcinomain situ, dysplastic tissue, condyloma, and normal tissue. In 9 per cent of the positive cases of invasive squamous cell carcinomas. 5‐50 per cent of the tumour ceiis were immunoreactive for p53 protein, whereas the other positive specimens were characterized by only rare p53‐positive cells. We conclude that in invasive cervical carcinomas widespread overexpression of p53 protein is unusual, but occasional positive nuclei can be found frequently. Furthermore, our results indicate that altered expression of p53 protein may be involved in the progression of cervical carci

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690105

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAlterations of the p53 tumour suppressor gene are considered critical events in multistage carcinogenesis of a wide range of human cancers. In an attempt to elucidate the role of various p53 mutations in tumorigenesis and to investigate their relationship to the p53 protein accumulation and subcellular localization, we have raised a new series of 21 mouse monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to human recombinant p53. The new MAbs (designated the Bp53 series) appear to recognize mainly denaturation‐resistant epitopes in immunoblotting and the majority of them are suitable for immunostaining of p53 in cultured cells and frozen sections. Furthermore, at least three MAbs (Bp53‐11, Bp53‐12, and Bp53‐28) proved to be reliable reagents for immunohistochemistry on paraffin‐embedded specimens. The immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin sections from 118 human tumours of various histogeneses with Bp53‐11 and Bp53‐12 showed nuclear accumulation of the p53 protein in variable proportion of tumour cells in 76 cases (64 per cent). The influence of three parameters of tissue processing (type of fixative, period of fixation, and duration of autolysis) on p53 protein detection was also investigated. The results of this study provide the necessary basis for wider application of these novel MAbs as tools in both routine hisiopathology and functional analyses of the p5

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690106

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe level of expression and cellular localization of the c‐erbB‐2 gene product in transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract is controversial. Analysis of the c‐erbB‐2 gene structure and comparison of its expression in the same cells by Southern, Northern and immunoblotting, and by immunocytochemistry minimize the errors of interpretation inherent in one technique. Such a ‘correlative study’ has been performed on tumours from 82 patients, c‐erbB‐2gene amplification was detected in 14 per cent of initial tumours and was associated with grade (.P<0·001). Raised levels of mRNA were seen in those tumours with increased gene copy number and in 13 per cent of the remainder. Immunoblotting detected the expected 185 kD immunoreactive protein and a 155 kD piotein associated with high gene copy number. Immunocytochemistry localized c‐erbB‐2 immunoreactivity to the cell membrane and cytoplasm, and the latter predominated. Four antibodies to c‐erbB‐2 (AB‐3, 21N, pAb 1, and NCL CB11) were compared on contiguous sections of the same tumour and showed the same pattern of immunoreactivity. Similarly, analyses carried out in three independent laboratories identified the same cellular localization. Membrane and cytoplasmic immunoreactivity was demonstrated in all tumours with gene amplification or increased mRNA levels and in 40 per cent of the remaining tumours. We showed that immunocytochemistry requires careful standardization of techniques and quantitation between different groups. However, despite variations in the intensity of immunoreactivity, the total number of positive cells remained constant. Therefore quantitation must be based on the number of positive cells and, ideally, their immunoreactive content relative to normal an

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690107

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractLoss of genetic material, corresponding to chromosomal deletions, has been detected in a wide range of tumours and may indicate the position of a tumour suppressor gene. In order to identify the position of such a gene more precisely, many tumour samples must be studied until a minimum consensus deletion is characterized. This process is particularly necessary for lung tumours in which the deletion in chromosome 3, seen with such high frequencies in all histological subtypes, is almost always large. We have recently described the use of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of DNA isolated from small bronchial biopsies of lung tumours. In this study we adapted this technique to allow genotyping of DNA isolated from paraffin wax‐embedded material (PWEM) microdissected from glass slides. We have investigated 12 lung tumours at polymorphic loci on chromosome 3 and showed allelic loss in all samples. In adapting PCR–RFLP analysis for DNA isolated from PWEM, we have concentrated on those approaches which might be adaptable to routine clinical practice. Somatic genetic changes are now being identified in many tumour types, and this information is expected to be of diagnostic and prognostic significa

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690108

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIn Situhybridization finds many applications in modern pathology. In many cases, special attention is paid to the processing of the tissues prior toin situhybridization. In order to investigate the value of RNAin situhybridization (RISH) in retrospective studies, we performed RISH for calcitonin and calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP)‐I and HomRNA in eight medullary thyroid carcinomas processed in 1981–1983. RISH was successful with radioactive calcitonin and CGRP‐1 probes. With biotinylated probes, only calcitcnin‐specific probes gave adequate results. The concentrations of CGRP mRNA were probably too low to be detected by non‐radioactive RISH. The results of RISH were correlated with the immunohistochemical localization of the polypeptides. The results matched in all cases except one, where hybridization for calcitonin mRNA was found, but no immunoreactive calcitonin polypeptide. We con‐clude that RISH can be successfully used for retrospective analysis, even after long storage of tissue embedde

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690109

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe distribution and expression of parathyroid hormone (PTH) were investigated in normal and abnormal parathyroid tissue. PTH was detected using a monoclonal antibody with specificity for the 44–68 region of the PTH molecule. Prominent reactivity for PTH was seen in normal parathyroid with a granular pattern of staining. Active parathyroid tissue (adenoma and hyperplasia) showed much less reactivity for PTH, although there was prominent reactivity in the normal tissue around adenomas. Comparison of expression of PTH with that of parathormone mRNA showed a reciprocal pauern in normal tissue and, to a less marked extent, in abnormal tissue. Parathyroid carcinoma in particular had coinciding areas of PTH and PTH mRNA expression. Oxyphil cells had little or no PTH expression, except in the associated ‘colloid’ in some cases. The findings indicate an inverse relationship between storage and cellular synthesis of PTH, this being more marked in physiological than in pathological conditions of the parath

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690110

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe peritoneum has been shown to possess fibrinolytic activity which is thought to play a role in the prevention of intra‐abdominal adhesion formation. Recently inflamed peritoneal tissue has been shown to have reduced fibrinolytic activity secondary to increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1). The aim of this study was to localize the production of PAI‐1 in appendix tissue usingin situmRNA hybridization. Sections of normal and inflamed appendix were hybridized with a digoxigenin‐labelled cDNA probe. PAI‐1 production was localized to both mcsothelium and serosal blood vessel endothelium in all inflamed appendix samples. Cell identities were confirmed using immunohistochemistry directed against mesothelial and endothlial cell markers. Staining was not seen on sections of normal appendix or on negative control slides of inflamed appendix (hybridization with plasmid DNA, PAI‐1 probe following ribonuclease digestion). The identification of the cells expressing the PAI‐1 gene in peritoneum increases our understanding of the pathophysiological changes in fibrinolytic activity which occur in inflammation and may lead to adh

ISSN:0022-3417    

DOI:10.1002/path.1711690111

出版商:John Wiley&Sons, Ltd.    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY