ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Hemodynamic comparison of two polyurethane prosthetic heart valves with a bioprosthetic valve is presented. The valves were incorporated in a pulse duplicator simulating physiologic pulsatile flow, and comparisons between the valves were made on the transvalvular pressure drop, percent regurgitation, valve orifice area, rate of opening and closing as well as the performance index. The results showed that the functional characteristics of the polyurethane valves compared favorably with that of the bioprosthetic valve. The polyurethane valve can be a viable and inexpensive alternative, especially for short‐term use in a total artificial heart as a bridge to transplant.ASAIO Transactions1989; 35: 132–138.

ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A vibrated fluidized bed was used to apply a coating of cellulose nitrate to petroleum derived bead activated charcoal. The result was a tightly adherent and uniform coating. The coated activated charcoal has applications in hemoperfusion for detoxification and artificial liver support.ASAIO Transactions1989; 35: 139–143.

ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;It is unclear whether patients should be tested for the presence of HIV antibody. This test has taken upon itself a significance beyond a simple hemoglobin. Extreme views on testing are prevalent, both from the Centers for Disease Control, which does not recommend routine testing, to physicians advocating screening. The prevalence of HIV virus in our population undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis was investigated. Eighty‐two patients ranging in age from 7–72 years were screened. There were seven positive results by both ELISA and Western Blot assays. Four had no risk factors, except for transfusion therapy before HIV screening. Three were known homosexuals. Only two of the HIV positive patients and three of the rest of the dialysis population had serologic markers for Hepatitis B infection. This 9% prevalence was much higher than expected. Although the data suggest that the risk to the health care worker is low, current recommendations to treat all patients as if they may be HIV positive protect the hospital or dialysis facility but may be unworkable. The health care workers attention is not focused because they do not differentiate between low and high risk patient groups. Furthermore, the number of patients who acquired the virus prior to routine screening is unknown. Because most dialysis patients were alive and transfused during this time period they may have inadvertently acquired the virus. If others share these findings, the implications for control of this disease are frightening, as the risk of transmission to patients' sexual partners is not inconsequential. I believe these findings support routine screening for HIV antibody.ASAIO Transactions1989; 35: 144–145.

ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Application of heparin bonded surfaces (HBS) in the extracorporeal circuit (ECC) might avoid or at least reduce conventional heparin administration and would be of great benefit, especially in long‐term perfusion. In this study, six sheep had a veno‐venous bypass using membrane oxygenators with either total HBS or, in a control group, with untreated surfaces. Under strictly standardized conditions (body weight, drugs, geometry of tubes, catheters,etc.), the animals in both groups received 300 IU/kg heparin before the catheterization as a bolus injection. In both groups, the measured heparin level decreased within 6 hours to zero, accompanied by a fall of other coagulation parameters (ACT, PTT etc.) to normal. In the control group, the ECC failed at this point because of clots in the oxygenators, whereas perfusions using HBS continued without further changes in clotting parameters until 12, 22, and 53 hours when the experiments were stopped intentionally. During the first 6 hours platelets showed a similar decrease in number in both groups and were comparable with conventional heparin treatment during further ECC periods. Other parameters, such as AT III, FXa, fibrinogen, and leukocytes were normal in both groups. The plasma hemoglobin increased markedly at the end of perfusion time in the control group but remained low even after 53 hours of ECC with HBS. The results indicate that the use of such completely heparin bonded systems can lead to a drastic reduction in systemic heparin administration.ASAIO Transactions1989; 35: 146–152.

ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;Hemoglobin (Hb) modified with an interdimeric bicovalent cross link using 2‐nor‐2‐formylpyridoxal 5′‐phosphate (NFPLP) as the cross‐linking agent has an exceptionally low O2affinity (P50= 47 torr), enabling it to deliver more oxygen at tissue pO2than blood. In addition, the covalent cross link prevents dissociation of the HbXL tetramers. By using3H‐labeled HbXL, the present study investigated intravascular retention time of cross linked Hb (HbXL), organ distribution, and routes by which HbXL is metabolized and eliminated from the body. The rats were injected with an i.v. bolus (125–200 mg Hb/kg body weight) of either3H‐labeled HbXL or noncross‐linked pyridoxal 5′‐phosphate modified Hb (diPLPHb) as a control. Urine and feces were collected daily for up to 9 days. Organs and tissues were harvested either at 9 hr or 9 days and assayed for3H‐label content by standard liquid scintillation counting. Plasma retention of HbXL at this dose was about three times longer than diPLPHb, and no HbXL as such was recovered in the urine. HbXL did undergo metabolic degradation in the body, with labeled fragments (mol. wt. < 10,000) being excreted by the kidneys and gastrointestinal tract. Total body clearance of the label by 9 days amounted to approximately 83% of the injected dose.ASAIO Transactions1989; 35: 153–159.

ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

&NA;A unitary hypothesis of the pathogenesis of ascites in cirrhosis is presented that combines and augments the existing overflow and traditional hypotheses. The early circulatory events are increased resistance to sinusoidal blood flow and shift of arterial blood into a splanchnic venous pool with reduction of effective (arterial) intravascular volume (EIVV). The latter stimulates neurohormonal sodium and water retention by the kidney, restoring normal EIVV and expanding total intravascular volume (TIVV). After repeated cycles, normal splanchnic compliance is exceeded and sinusoidal and splanchnic capillary hypertension develop. Hepatic and splanchnic lymph production increases; when these rates exceed the absorptive capacities of the hepatic and retroperitoneal lymphatics and those of the peritoneal cavity, ascites develops. The ascites may, if untreated, be progressive and the start of a vicious circle in which sodium and water are increasingly retained.ASAIO Transactions1989; 35: 161–163.

ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:1058-2916    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1989

数据来源: OVID