摘要:

The Fourier component of period 1 year is calculated for the net radiation, net solar radiation, incoming solar radiation, and ground heat flux from observations made at a grass-covered site in Ottawa in the 2-year period 1 January 1961 to 31 December 1962. The Fourier approximation of the evapotranspiration and sublimation loss is determined from estimates of the average mass transfer at the time of maximum in summer and minimum in winter. The approximation of the annual component of the convective transfer is obtained using the heat balance equation.During the 6-month period 1 April to 30 September about 48% of the net solar radiation was dissipated by evapotranspiration, 42% dissipated by longwave radiation, 7% dissipated by convection, and 3% was stored in the ground.

ISSN:0008-4077    

DOI:10.1139/e65-001

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1965

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The Willow Creek formation of south western Alberta is known to include both Upper Cretaceous and Paleocene deposits in the disturbed belt of the foothills. On the plains to the east, however, the Cretaceous portion may be absent, and the formation may rest unconformably on the underlying late but not latest Cretaceous St. Mary River formation.

ISSN:0008-4077    

DOI:10.1139/e65-002

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1965

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

During the summers of 1959 and 1960, field observations of the influence of some climatic and terrain features on permafrost were carried out at Norman Wells, N.W.T. Five sites, all underlain by perennially frozen ground, were selected for investigation. One site was a Thornthwaite potential evapotranspiration site with a vegetation cover of Kentucky bluegrass growing on clayey silt. The four remaining sites included the various types of vegetation growing naturally in the Norman Wells region. The tree growth was predominantly spruce with some tamarack.Sphagnumand other mosses, lichen, and sedge comprised the ground cover. The peat layer varied in thickness from 7 in. to 2 ft and the mineral soil was predominantly clayey silt. At each site, measurements were taken of evaporation (including potential evapotranspiration), net radiation at the ground surface, depth of thaw, and ground temperatures in the thawed layer and the permafrost. Although field conditions dictated the use of crude measuring devices, some quantitative information was obtained on the relative importance of these climatic and terrain features in the permafrost environment. Potential evapotranspiration was higher in the Kentucky bluegrass at the Thornthwaite site than inSphagnumand in other mosses, in lichen, and in sedge at the other sites. Net radiation values appeared to be slightly higher for moss than for lichen. The depth of thaw under moss and lichen was less than in areas supporting other types of plant growth. Ground temperatures in the thawed layer and in the permafrost showed the same characteristics, being lower in the moss and lichen areas.

ISSN:0008-4077    

DOI:10.1139/e65-003

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1965

数据来源: NRC