摘要:

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which specific physical and psychologic measures distinguish between those people with cardiovascular problems who participate in physical activity and those who do not. A discriminant function analysis revealed that those individuals with cardiovascular disease who participated in physical activities were significantly younger, more likely to be male, assess their health as good, and had fewer illness symptoms and chronic conditions. These subjects also had less difficulty with activities of daily living and dexterity tasks, had higher internal control, and were more satisfied with their lives. More research is needed to fully understand how physical activity mitigates disease.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study aimed to determine the seasonal variation patterns in the physical activity of older subjects from two different studies in Canada and the United States. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for total participation time by four seasons for the US sample. Analysis revealed a significant main effect for season, with the four activities that accounted for the majority of physical activity participation time largely responsible for extreme swings in the total participation time across season. Repeated measures ANOVA also was used to analyze total participation frequency in the Canadian (Saskatchewan) sample. Analysis again confirmed a significant main effect for season. As in the US sample, activities largely dependent on tolerable weather conditions were most affected by cold seasons.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The incidence of coronary heart disease is declining in the general population, but its prevalence and impact is increasing as the number of older citizens increases. Although seniors with coronary heart disease have not routinely been enrolled in cardiac rehabilitation programs, research has demonstrated significant health benefits for most older cardiac patients participating in exercise programs based on standard training principles. Current cardiac rehabilitation programs may require simple modifications to accommodate the needs of older cardiac patients. These patients should be encouraged to maximize their health and independence by making cardiac rehabilitation programs part of their regular follow-up routine.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This study evaluated the effects of a general exercise program on the passive range of motion of the lower limb of older women and compared the passive range of motion between the older women and a group of young women. Older subjects participated in an exercise program over a 2-year period with testing sessions every 3 months. The hip and knee flexion and ankle dorsiflexion passive range of motion were measured. Differences were statistically significant (P< 0.05) for all three joint measurements among test sessions for the older women. Pairwise differences were significant between the preexercise measures and those at 24 months for the three joints and for the preexercise hip and knee flexion measures and those at 9 months. This study provides evidence that exercise had a positive effect on the passive tissues reflected by the joint range of motion improvements over the 2-year period.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article describes a study that examined the effects of a general exercise program on dynamic plantarflexor and dorsiflexor muscle strength of older women and compared strength between the older group and a group of young women. The rationale for maintaining muscle strength relates to reduced risk of falls and maintaining the ability to perform tasks independently. A group of 22 older women participated in a general exercise program over a 2-year period and were tested at 3-month intervals. A group of 20 young females was tested once for comparative purposes. Analysis of variance with repeated measures were performed on the data from the group of older women for four testing sessions over the 2-year period (96% of the subjects attended these sessions). Differences were statistically signifiicant (P ≤.05) for all three plantarflexor measurements but not for the dorsiflexors among testing sessions for the group of older women. (Independent t-tests were used to determine differences between the two groups.) The results of this study support the hypothesis that exercise can improve dynamic muscle strength for older persons but that specificity and intensity of the exercises should be addressed. The magnitude of the differences between the groups of young and older women for plantarflexor strength characteristics were modified with exercise.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Aging is associated with declining muscular strength. However, research demonstrates that older individuals can increase strength by resistance training. Although improvements were initially attributed to neural mechanisms, muscle hypertrophy has now been documented, even in nonagenarians. In terms of performance, reported increases have been as high as 227% for dynamic lifting, with more moderate gains in static strength tests. More research is needed to confirm what functional improvements result from increases in strength and muscle mass. This article examines the extent and mechanisms of strength changes, potential benefits, and programming implications for high-intensity strength training in older adults.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The University at Buffalo Rehabilitation Engineering Research Center (RERC) on Aging is conducting a longitudinal study of assistive device needs of older persons with disabilities. This article examines the results of interviews with a sub-sample from this study, 30 persons over the age of 60 years who have had a stroke. Results indicate that this population are assistive device users: they own a mean of 16 devices per person and use a mean of 12.6 devices (80% of the devices they own). These older subjects express a need for additional devices, yet lack up-to-date information on devices available in the marketplace. In examining the home environment, the bathroom presents the largest number of problems for older stroke survivors, followed by the kitchen—rooms where many basic activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (lADLs) are carried out. Recommendations for service providers are included in this article.

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0882-7524    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID