ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06246.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06247.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06248.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06249.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06250.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:A joint committee comprised of representatives from the American School Health Association and the Association for the Advancement of Health Education delineated five areas of instructional responsibility and 31 competencies needed for elementary health educators. Practicing elementary educators in southeastern Pennsylvania were surveyed as to their usage and perceived importance of these health instruction responsibilities and competencies. Competency usage varied from a high of 98.6% to a low of 33.5%. The second area of instructional responsibility — Assessing the Health Instruction Needs and Interests of Elementary Students — had the highest mean usage per competency. Chi‐square tests indicated a statistically significant relationship for competency usage and highest academic degree earned for two competencies, while competency usage and total number of years experience as an elementary educator indicated a statistically significant relationship for three competencies. The authors conclude with suggested strategies to improve the health education preparation of elementary educators. (J Sch Health. 1996:66(1):

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06251.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Students in randomly selected eighth and 10th grade English classrooms (n = 1,072) in central Texas schools were surveyed in fall 1994 regarding carrying weapons to school and associated risk factors. Students who carried a handgun to school one or more times during the preceding 12 months were compared to those who had not done so, using discriminant analysis and chisquare. Gun carrying at school increased 138% from seven years earlier in the same area using the same survey procedures. Most students reported they carried a gun out of fear or anger. Those who carried a gun at school had extremely elevated rates of repeated victimization of several types during the previous year: 589% higher for attack at school. 552% higher for attack outside school supervision. 576% higher for attempts to force sex at school, and 216% higher for rape. They also were more likely to enter dangerous situations repeatedly, were 17 times more likely to have used crack cocaine, had less instruction on preventing violence, less knowledge about means of avoiding fighting, and felt an obligation to fight under a wider variety of situations. Study variables accurately classified 78.4% of gun carriers as such. Researchers concluded that efforts at prevention of handgun violence in schools should include interventions to increase the safety of a select group of vulnerable students, while providing psychological counseling to assist them in overcoming emotional effects of victimization as part of larger violence prevention efforts. (J Sch Health. 1996;66(1):18–2

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06252.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:This study examined adolescents' perceptions concerning the presence of guns in their school and the adolescents' emotional and behavioral responses associated with these perceptions. Survey data from 376 African‐American sixth, seventh, and eighth grade students of a low‐income area of a North Carolina city were studied. Twenty‐eight percent of adolescents reported that other students brought guns to school. 36% felt afraid that someone would hurt or attack them while at school, 15% avoided school (or places in school) because of fear that a student would hurt or attack them, and 20% carried weapons to school for self‐protection. Logistic regression analyses found that, compared to their peers, adolescents who perceived that their school mates brought guns to school were almost twice as likely to experience fear while at school, were more than three times more likely to exhibit school avoidance behavior, and were more than twice as likely to bring a weapon to school themselves for self‐protection. Educators and school health professionals are urged to work together to address these problems concerning school safety. (J Sch Health, 1996;66

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06253.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT:Through a statewide random design, 7,846 9th to 12th grade students in 81 South Carolina public schools were selected to complete the Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Mantel‐Haenszel Chi‐Square, general linear models, and logistic regression were used to examine the relation between the independent variables of race, gender, and physical activity status with the dependent variables of tobacco and alcohol use while controlling for race, gender, and participation in physical education classes. The six physical activity levels ranged from sedentary nonathletes to athletes participating on two or more sports teams. Highly active athletes drank more frequently than did low‐activity nonathletes (p = .002) and sedentary nonathletes (p = .006), and they were more likely to hinge drink (p = .004). Athletic groups were less likely to smoke than were the nonathletic groups (p<.0001) with “sedentary nonathletes” the heaviest smokers of all groups. Athletes were more likely to use smokeless tobacco (p<.0001) than nonathletes although this difference disappeared when controlling for gender and race. This research supports other findings about prevalence of smokeless tobacco use among athletic youth. In addition, it reveals that athletic youth are at an increased risk of alcohol use and binge drinking. Possible factors such as the risk‐taking tendencies of team sport athletes should be i

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06254.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0022-4391    

DOI:10.1111/j.1746-1561.1996.tb06255.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1996

数据来源: WILEY