摘要:

The occurrence of flavonoid glycosides and hydroxycinnamic acid esters has been examined in the fronds of 58 speciesof Adiantum, covering the morphological and geographical range of the genus. The genus may be divided into five sections on the basis of their flavonoid patterns. The correspondence of these patterns with the major existing systems of classification is discussed. TheA. capillus‐venerisgroup is the least homogeneous, both morphologically and chemically, and requires further study. However, the flavonoid patterns of extracts of the fronds of thirteen samples of the cosmopolitan speciesA. capillus‐venerisfrom different geographical areas were found to be qualitatively similar, suggesting this species has probably spread relatively recently.Adiantumspecies which are restricted to the Old World have a basically different flavonoid pattern from those species which are exclusive to the New World. The phytogeographical and phylogenetic implications of these results are outlined and it is concluded that the Old World species represent more ancient stocks than those in the New Wo

ISSN:0024-4074    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01162.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Nearly 60 species from the generaEuphorbiaL. andElaeophorbiaStapf were investigated for diterpenes of the classes tiglianes, ingenanes and ortho‐esters. The diterpenes were isolated as their acetates by a micro‐technique from latex or fresh herb material collected from several countries around the world. Authentication of the diterpenes was by chromatographic means using spectroscopic methods as back‐up data. These compounds were absent from only 9% of the species examined. The most commonly occurring diterpene was ingenol, followed closely by 12‐Deoxy phorbol. The ingenane derivative 5‐Deoxy‐ingenol was always detected as a minor companion to ingenol from species of the sectionTithymalus.Species of the sectionEuphorbiumcontained mainly the diterpene ingenol although both tigliane and ortho‐ester diterpenes were also present in some species. Species from the sectionsAnisophylhtmandPoinsettiadid not contain diterpenes of the type in question, whilst species from the genusElaeophorbiayielded ingenol. These results provide additional chemical evidence concerning recent suggestions on the subgeneric and generic status ofAnisophyllum, Poinsettia, Tithymalusan

ISSN:0024-4074    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01163.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The course of development of the glandular and non‐glandular hairs ofAvicennia marinawas found to be the same up to the three‐celled stage. The further cell divisions of the two types of developing hairs differed in their orientation. In the non‐glandular hair the cells continued to divide transversely, whereas in the glandular hair the uppermost of the three cells divided longitudinally.In the mature hairs of both types, the peripheral wall of the cell just above the basal cell was heavily cutinized. The existence of narrow canals in the cuticle of the secretory cells of the glandular hairs was confirmed. The homology of the glandular and non‐glandular hairs is discussed and it is concluded that the two types are phylogenetically

ISSN:0024-4074    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01164.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

InHibiscus, stomata are anisocytic, anomocytic, paracytic and tetracytic, the first type being the most frequent and occurring in all plant parts in the ten species studied, whereas the others are scarce and have a limited organographic distribution. The stem, petiole, pedicel, staminal tube, ovary and style are stomatiferous; the leaf‐blade, stipule, bracteole and sepals are amphistomatic and petals hypostomatic in the species investigated.The stomatal types are often homoplastic, the anisocytic being either mesogenous trilabrate or mesoperigenous dolabrate, the anomocytic, mesoperigenous dolabrate or mesogenous trilabrate, and the tetracytic, mesoperigenous dolabrate or mesoperigenous trilabrate. But the typical paracytic stomata (with the subsidiaries completely enclosing the poles) are constantly mesogenous dolabrate and therefore probably indicate mesogenous dolabrate development. Although several patterns of stomatogenesis are encountered in any specific organ, only one of them is found to be dominant. A new subcategory of stomatal ontogeny, mesoperigenous trilabrate, is proposed inHibiscus.No significant stomatal variation involving reduction in the divisive capacity of the meristemoid has been observed from the vegetative to floral parts; and stomata functioning as hydathodes have not been noticed in the latter, thus indicating that florogenic factors have no effect on the stomat

ISSN:0024-4074    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Guard cells, as seen in surface view, are classified into five types; dumb‐bell type, rectangular type‐A, rectangular type—B, elliptic type and right‐angle type. It is proposed that this more detailed classification may have value at higher taxonomic levels, particularly within the Monocoty

ISSN:0024-4074    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Tepallary and staminal vascularization in a random sample of the Wurmbaeoideae was eomprised of three vascular bundles per tepal and one per stamen, as in the Rosaceae. The structural similarity of the vascularization of the carpel of the Wurmbaeoideae with that of the Rosaceae is mentioned with the tentative implication of a common ancestry.

ISSN:0024-4074    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01167.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

One hundred and fifty‐seven chromosome numbers of a range of taxa from both hemispheres are reported in the genusMentha.Plants of both wild and cultivated origin have been sampled, including hybrids, some of which have been synthesized from known parents. Some of the causes of the great taxonomic complexity of the group are discussed and the need for accurate and unambiguous identification of the plant material is stressed. There is a critical review of the chromosome numbers in relation to their taxonomy, with a discussion on probable basic numbers. The most useful areas of future research are indicate

ISSN:0024-4074    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01168.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0024-4074    

DOI:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1977.tb01162a.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1977

数据来源: WILEY