摘要:

We examined the protective effect of human pancreatic secretory trypsin inhibitor (PSTI), a specific trypsin inhibitor secreted from pancreatic acinar cells into the pancreatic duct, on cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in conscious rats. The protective effect of human PSTI-RS, an analogue of PSTI with Arg-44 to Ser substitution which has a longer half-life in vitro, was also examined. Intraperitoneal administration of a pharmacological dose of cerulein to conscious rats induced acute pancreatitis, characterized by light microscopy as cellular disorganization of the acini and interstitial edema. Intravenous infusion of human PSTI (10, 50 or 250μg/rat/h) into rats with cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis decreased their pancreatic wet weight and plasma amylase concentration. It also caused a dose-dependent decrease in vacuoles in acinar cells and interstitial edema. Human PSTI-RS, which has a longer half-life in vivo, was more effective than native PSTI at the same dose rate (10 μg/rat/h) in reducing pancreatitis. These results suggest that human PSTI may have a beneficial effect on acute pancreatiti

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200946

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Being more evident that primary achalasia is not confined to the esophagus and that it may involve other organs in the digestive tract, gallbladder emptying was ultrasonographically evaluated in 10 patients affected with primary achalasia and in 10 controls. An intravenous cerulein infusion was used to induce gallbladder contraction. Eight out of 10 achalasic patients had a lower gallbladder emptying, and 6 out of 10 had a markedly delayed gallbladder emptying compared with the controls. Achalasic patients, taken as a whole, showed a significantly lower and delayed mean gallbladder emptying when compared with the controls. Such a finding confirms the possible extraesophageal extension of primary achalasia. In this study, the hypothesis of impaired cholinergic gallbladder innervation in primary achalasia is discussed.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200947

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000196604

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1932

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Groups of Sprague-Dawley rats were administered 1 mg/kg indomethacin subcutaneously, indomethacin subcutaneously plus 200 μg/kg oral 15-R-15 methyl-prostaglandin E2 (MePGE2) or oral MePGE2 twice daily for 10 days. The animals were treated with antibiotics to prevent mortality. Two control groups were used: control 1 was given placebo and control 2 was treated with antibiotics. All rats were killed 4 h after injection of a meta-phase blocker, and the proliferative activity of the distal small intestine was examined in histological sections by means of the cumulative mitotic index (MI). A reduction in the number of villous cells was observed in the rats given antibiotics (p < 0.05 vs. control 1). The small intestinal villi of the rats treated with indomethacin had fewer cells than those of both control groups (p < 0.05) whereas the crypts contained more cells (p < 0.05) and had a higher MI than those of the controls (p < 0.05 vs. controls 1 and 2). These changes were reverted by the prostaglandin analogue. The number of cells of the small intestinal crypts and the cumulative MI in the rats who received indomethacin and the prostaglandin analogue were similar to controls, and they were significantly lower than the values observed in the animals treated with indomethacin (p < 0.05). The animals treated with the prostaglandin analogue and placebo developed a marked hyperplasia of the small intestinal villi (p < 0.05 vs. both control groups), but the atrophy of the villi induced by indomethacin was not prevented by simultaneous administration of the analogue. Thus, inhibition of the synthesis of endogenous prostaglandins by indomethacin reduced the number of cells in the small intestinal villi, and this was associated with a secondary trophic reaction in the crypts, which was prevented by simultaneous administration of prostaglandin E2. These findings suggest that E2 prostaglandins are regulators of the cell kinetics of the gastrointestinal epithelium due to its dual actions on both cell proliferation and on the regulation of epithelial cell losses

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200948

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000196605

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1932

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Life events and daily stress were assessed in patients with duodenal ulcer, active or in remission, and in matched disease and normal controls. The mean positive life event scores were significantly lower in duodenal ulcer patients than in disease and healthy controls, and lower in patients with active ulcer than in those in remission. The positive scores and total life change scores decreased significantly after 6 months in the control groups and showed no significant variation in the duodenal ulcer group after 6 months. We conclude that the perception of life events, especially positive ones, is associated with duodenal ulcer.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200949

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000196606

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1932

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Patients with duodenal ulcers and Helicobacter pylori infection have elevated plasma gastrin concentrations which fall after suppression of the organism. This may be due to H. pylori elevating the pH of the antral mucous layer, therefore preventing luminal acid from inhibiting gastrin release. To test this idea, we measured the plasma gastrin concentrations under basal conditions and in response to 4% peptone when the gastric lumen was maintained at pH 2.5 and at pH 5.5 by gastric perfusion. We studied 11 duodenal ulcer patients before and after suppression of H. pylori. Gastrin concentrations were significantly higher before suppression of H. pylori than after treatment in all three states; basal gastrin (pmol/l) fell from 9.2 (3.7-23, median and range) to 5.1 (1.7-15) after treatment; from 11.3 (3.8-29) to 5.9 (5.7-6.1) at pH 2.5 and from 15.2 (3.9-32) to 7.15 (6.1-14) at pH 5.5. The ratio of peptone-stimulated gastrin at pH2.5/pH5.5 was similar before (0.8; 0.5-1.7) and after (0.8; 0.5-1.1) suppression of H. pylori. These results indicate that infection with H. pylori increases basal and peptone-stimulated plasma gastrin concentrations, and that this response is independent of luminal pH.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200950

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000196607

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1932

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The sexual problems of 50 women with Crohn’s disease, of whom 45 had a stable relationship, were investigated by structured interview and compared with age-matched controls. Twenty-four percent patients had either infrequent or no intercourse compared with 4% of controls (χ2 = 8.3, p < 0.005). However, amongst patients and controls who were sexually active, the frequency of intercourse was similar. Reasons for sexual inactivity included abdominal pain (24%), diarrhoea (20%) and fear of faecal incontinence (14%). Dyspareunia was common in patients (χ2 = 6.5, p < 0.01) and this was irrespective of the site of disease (large vs. small bowel χ2 = 0.85, NS). Women with perianal disease and fistulae were more likely to have dyspareunia than women with neither (χ2 = 4.2, p < 0.05), although this was not so for less extensive involvement with only perianal disease (χ2 = 2.8, NS) or fistulae (χ2 = 0.8, NS). Vaginal candidiasis was more common in patients (χ2 = 5.8, p < 0.02), and on occasions this may have contributed to dyspareunia. Women with Crohn’s disease experience sexual problems much more than healthy controls and they need support, sympathetic investigation and

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000200951

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1992

数据来源: Karger