ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198109

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of linear somatostatin on pancreatic exocrine secretion in anaesthetized rats has been studied. Basal secretion of amylase was significantly inhibited by an infusion of 100 μg/100 g/h somatostatin, but increased fourfold after a bolus injection of 50 μg/100 g. CCK-stimulated enzyme and volume secretion were inhibited by somatostatin. Somatostatin did not influence secretin-stimulated bicarbonate concentration or rate of secretion in the dose range in which enzyme secretion was inhibite

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198110

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In dogs, the principal lesion in the ileal mucosa above a mechanical obstruction is the induction of a secretory state in which there is a net loss of water and electrolytes into the intestinal lumen. The role of stagnated bile as a possible agent provoking this secretion was explored by ligating the common bile duct and diverting the bile by means of an anastomosis between the gall bladder and the ileum distal to the obstruction. 7 days after creation of an obstruction with bile diversion, the functional and morphological changes in the obstructed loop were almost identical to those occurring in animals with obstructions without bile diversion. The secretory response above the obstruction continued unabated, with levels of cAMP in the secreting mucosae lower than in control tissues. These results suggest: (a) that the secretion in the obstructed intestine is not influenced by the presence of bile, and (b) that this secretion may not be secondary to an increase in mucosal cAMP levels.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198111

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Bile flow and the biliary excretion of indocyanine green, bromcresol green, eosine, bromsulphthalein-glutathione conjugate (BSP-GSH), amaranth and iodoxamic acid were investigated in control and phenobarbital-pretreated rats (75 mg/kg i.p. daily for 5 days). The bile flow was increased by phenobarbital from an average of 50.6 to 77.7 μl/kg/ min. Depending on the dose, the biliary excretion rate of bromcresol green was increased by 48–496% and that of eosine by 30–149%. After phenobarbital pretreatment the excretion of BSP-GSH was also enhanced by 34–52%, that of amaranth by 37–53% and that of iodoxamic acid by 40–56%. However, the biliary excretion of indocyanine green remained unchanged. There was no parallelism between the increase in bñe flow and biliary excretion o

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198112

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This study describes an in vitro experimental model of the sphincter at the lower end of the main pancreatic duct in the dog. This model, employing a drop counter to measure the drop rate, monitors the perfusion rate of Tyrode through the sphincter. Acetylcholine (ACh), employed to establish the sensitivity and viability of the isolated sphincter, produced a contraction of the sphincter which was concentration-response related. Saline, as a control, atropine and hexamethonium did not affect the drop rate. Atropine (20 μg) partially abolished the contraction produced by 50 μg of ACh; hexamethonium (50 μg) did not have an effect. Caerulein 50 μg produced a relaxation of the sphincter; adrenaline 50 μg a contraction. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic mechanisms seem to play a role in the regulation of sphincteric activity of the main pancreatic duct in

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198113

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Human colonic adenylate cyclase has been shown to be sensitive to vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and prostaglandins of the E- and F-type. Maximal activation of enzyme activity averaged 200% for VIP and 300–350% for the E-prostaglandins. Both classes of hormones had an additive effect on enzyme activity indicating the existence of two distinct hormone-sensitive adenylate cyclases in human colonic mucos

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198114

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intestinal mucins are complex glycoproteins which are secreted from goblet cells, and form a gel-like covering over the mucosal surface. They are assumed to provide lubrication and protection of the underlying epithelium against potentially injurious chemicals, enzymes, bacteria and dietary constituents. Recent advances in our understanding of mucin structure, secretion and functional properties are reviewed in this paper. Implications for diseases such as cystic fibrosis, peptic ulcer, malignancy and inflammatory bowel disease are briefly discussed.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198115

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000192154

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1911

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000192155

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1911

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The localization of the prostaglandin-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the upper gastrointestinal tract in human beings was studied. The prostaglandin-sensitive enzyme was almost evenly distributed throughout the fundic, antral and duodenal mucosa. The enhancement of enzyme activity in the presence of maximally effective prostaglandin concentrations exceeded basal levels by about 200%. The physiological role of the prostaglandin sensitive adenylate cyclase in gastric and duodenal function, however, remains to be established.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198116

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger