摘要:

83 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 38 of them with cirrhosis, were studied and compared with 10 control subjects suffering from chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH). Tubular acidosis frequently was found in our cases. Renal plasma flow and glomerular filtration rate were significantly decreased in CAH when compared with CPH. Selective renal arteriography showed evident decrease of arterial flow in the outer cortex. Selective renal scan with 99mTc microspheres of human albumin showed a frequent escape of the tracer from the kidney to the lung. PGE1· and PGE2 levels appeared higher in the renal artery than in the vein and were significantly more elevated in 9 cases with cirrhosis vs. 13 controls. These results suggest the frequent functional impairment of the kidney also in the early stages of CAH, with an increase of PGE levels and an opening of intrarenal shunts

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198421

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Ulcer size, age, sex, alcohol and analgesic intake and cigarette consumption were studied in relation to the site of the ulcer in 215 patients with chronic gastric ulcer, of whom 96 were initial and 115 recurrent ulcers. Ulcer site was classified into upper (U), middle (M) and lower (L) thirds of the stomach, on X-ray films of air-contrast barium studies. The ulcers were situated in the upper third in 37 patients (17%), middle third in 90 patients (42%) and lower third in 88 patients (41%), i.e., significantly more in M and L compared to U (p < 0.001). 135 ulcers were on the lesser curve (63%) with more in L and M compared to U (p < 0.0005). Posterior wall ulcers accounted for 29.3%. Ulcers were smallest in L (mean 28.8 mm2) compared to those in M (mean 66.1 mm2) and U (mean 64.4 mm2) (p 0.9). The M/F ratio in the whole series was 0.6 which varied with ulcer site, being 0.3 in U (differing significantly from the whole series, p < 0.05), 0.4 in M and 1.2 in L (significantly different from the whole series, p < 0.01) and from U (p < 0.01). Initial ulcers did not differ from recurrent ulcers except in women where initial ulcers were more common in M and L, whereas recurrent ulcers were more common in U. The independent variables, namely, alcohol and analgesics (with the exception of smoking), were not determinants of ulcer site, size or position once the patients were segregated by sex. In men only, there were interactions between L and lesser curve site (p < 0.004) and L and smoking (p < 0.03).

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198422

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The action of ethanol and acetaldehyde on exocrine pancreatic secretion of a group of normal and a group of chronic (18 months) alcohol-fed Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. The volume of basal pancreatic secretion was significantly larger in alcoholic rats, but in contrary to previous studies the response to acute intravenous, intragastric and intraduodenal ethanol administration was not significantly different in the two groups. Intragastric and intraduodenal ethanol stimulated both volume and protein secretion, but intragastric ethanol did not stimulate pancreatic secretion after pyloric ligation. Only high doses of intravenous ethanol (4 g/kg but not 2 g/kg) inhibited pancreatic secretion. Pharmacological intravenous doses of acetaldehyde (500 mg/kg/h) inhibited fluid and protein secretion but 100 mg/kg/h was without effect. This shows that the response of the rat pancreas to alcohol and acetaldehyde is different from the response of dogs and men.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198423

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Following in vitro stimulation with phytohaemagglutinin, lymphocytes from coeliac patients transformed less than those from control subjects. Neither gliadin nor detoxified gliadin stimulated lymphocyte transformation in patients with adult coeliac disease, but depressed transformation in lymphocytes from normal subjects and from patients on a gluten-free diet.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198424

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Follow-up immunological studies in 27 patients with acute pancreatitis of known etiology showed a significant elevation in the level of circulating immune complexes (IC), a significant inhibition in migration of leukocytes (with direct LMT) of patients and a significant decrease in the percentage of T-active, T-total peripheral lymphocytes and in the absolute count of peripheral T cells. .Elevated circulating IC levels could been detected 3-4 weeks after the onset of acute pancreatitis. These immunological changes have still been demonstrated in a number of patients 7–14 months after recovery. We have found similar immunological alterations in patients with chronic pancreatitis as well. The possible causes and role of these long-term existing immunologic abnormalities are discusse

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198425

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The prognosis of ulcerative colitis has been studied in 122 patients with this disease who had been referred to Bologna from various parts of Italy and were then followed up. The overall mortality rate was 4.9% and the percentage of patients who were treated by total colectomy was 15.5%. Postoperative mortality was 10.5%, and the percentage of patients who developed carcinoma of the colon was 0.8%. All these figures fall within the range of values for the relevant variables quoted by previous authors from different countries. It is concluded that the prognosis of ulcerative colitis in the 122 Italian patients in the present study was similar to that reported previously in patients of other nationalities.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198426

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The distribution of prostacyclin-(PGI2-)sensitive adenylate cyclase in human gastric and duodenal mucosa was studied. Like PGE2, PGI2 induced a dose-dependent increase of enzyme activity throughout the stomach and the duodenum. Maximal effects (about 2.5- to 3.0-fold increase) were observed at a PGI2 concentration of 0.28 mmol/l. The stable breakdown product 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α (6-keto-PGF1α) was much less active. The equal distribution of the PGI2-sensitive adenylate cyclase in the human upper alimentary tract suggests a localization of this enzyme system in cells not directly related to gastric acid secretio

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198427

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Effect of pretreatment (150 μmol/kg i.p. twice daily for 5 days) with six barbiturates (barbital, butobarbital, pentobarbital, amobarbital, phenobarbital and thiopental) on the hepatic microsomal drug metabolizing enzyme system and biliary excretion of bromcresol green and bromsulphthalein-glutathione conjugate has been investigated in rats. All six barbiturates produced microsomal induction. Phenobarbital, thiopental, barbital and butobarbital increased liver weight, biliary flow and biliary excretion of bromcresol green and bromsulphthalein-glutathione conjugate, however, pentobarbital and amobarbital were ineffective in these parameters. Our results seem to indicate that the enhanced biliary excretion of exogenous anions produced by barbiturates is independent of microsomal enzyme induction

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198428

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This paper proposes a model for cholesterol metabolism in the rat based on extensive data obtained on rats in isotopic equilibrium with radioactive cholesterol. These data reveal that the rate of bile acid synthesis is closely related to cholesterol input. Hence the transformation of cholesterol into bile acids is conceived as a determinative process for the dynamics of the cholesterol system in the rat. This process is not per se regulated if the definition of regulation is as follows: to maintain constant a variable. In fact, the control of the transformation is dependent on the particulate transport of the plasma lipoproteins into the liver. In other words, from a physiological point of view, the process governing the net removal of cholesterol from the plasma into the liver is the limiting step for the cholesterol transformation into bile acids. Temporary losses or gains of cholesterol by the system modify the flow of the cholesterol transformation into bile acids during a transitory period. The effect of the exogenous taurocholate is so interpreted. Because this bile acid seems to act initially on the capacity of the liver to esterify free cholesterol, there results a loss of cholesterol which cannot be transformed into bile acids.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198429

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In 12 normals serum calcitonin (CT) concentration decreased significantly when eating with a return to basal value and a significant postprandial fall. No difference was observed in the food-stimulated CT secretion between duodenal ulcer patients and normals. In 25 patients with ulcer negative dyspepsia a significant increase in serum CT concentration occurred during food intake followed by a return to basal level and a secondary significant rise. The pattern in patients with ulcer negative dyspepsia differed significantly from patients with duodenal ulcer and normals.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198430

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1980

数据来源: Karger