摘要:

As ulcerogenesis could be explained by a defect in the mucosal proteins, a study of the soluble proteins extracted from human gastric mucosa was made. The proteins were fractionated by gel electrophoresis. 7–8 major bands and several minor bands were present on polyacrylamide tube gels and 30 bands were visible on isoelectric focusing gels. No reproducible differences were found between body and antral mucosa or between the mucosa of gastric ulcer, duodenal ulcer and gastric carcinoma patient

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198178

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A correlation was sought between changes in enzymes involved in gastric acid secretion (Mg-, NaK-, K- and HCO3-stimulated ATPases) and histological changes in gastric biopsies. Alkaline phosphatase was also studied. Mg- and NaK-stimulated ATPase activities increased significantly in biopsies from the pylorus and antrum which showed moderate or severe gastritis. NaK ATPase levels increased and HCO3 ATPase decreased in incisural, body and fundic mucosa which had intestinal metaplasia and atrophic gastritis. No K+ ATPase was found in normal mucosa. The total activity of alkaline phosphatase did not vary with histological changes in the gastric mucosa. Results indicate that the ATPase enzyme systems are sensitive indicators of gastric mucosal disease.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198179

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

A solid-phase sandwich radioimmunoassay was developed to quantitate human group-II pepsinogens in plasma. The test detected pepsinogen II in a concentration range of 0.25–64.0 ng/ml using sample volumes of 125 μl. Purified group I pepsinogens showed no response up to concentrations of 100 μg/ml. In apparently healthy donors, we observed mean plasma concentrations of 20.3 ng/ml (males) and of 15.5 ng/ml (femal

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198180

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The total number of antral gastrin cells, the antral surface area and the serum gastrin concentration were determined in two groups of rats. The animals had been submitted at random either to vagotomy and pyloroplasty or to pyloroplasty alone 3 weeks before. The indirect immunoperoxidase reaction and a direct quantitative histological method were used to count the gastrin cells. Radioimmunoassay was used to estimate the serum gastrin concentration. The total number of gastrin cells in the stomach was 52% (p < 0.01) more elevated in the vagotomized animals. Both antral mucosal surface and calculated concentration of gastrin cells per square millimeter of mucosa were significantly higher (0.01 < p < 0.05) in this group of animals. The serum gastrin values were significantly (p < 0.01) more elevated after vagotomy. These observations indicate that vagotomy may induce an antral gastrin cell hyperplasia which could explain in part the hypergastrinemia observed after this surgical procedure.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198181

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Alrestatin sodium (AY-22.284-A) inhibited gastric acid secretion and decreased the volume of gastric juice produced in the pylorus-ligated rat when administered intraperitoneally or perorally. Pentagastrin-induced gastric acid output in the unanesthetized rat was antagonized. The pyloric ligation-induced ulcer formation in the rat was inhibited. Alrestatin sodium did not exhibit an anticholinergic profile. The drug did not block the norepinephrine neuronal uptake mechanism in rat brain or heart; it did not alter the endogenous norepinephrine concentration in the heart and decreased endogenous brain norepinephrine concentration. Alrestatin sodium is an effective inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and ulcer formation in the rat.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198182

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Starvation overnight and starvation for 48 h reduced the weight and the protein content of mucosal scrapings, but only minimally reduced the DNA content of the mucosal scrapings. The activity of sucrase and maltase was reduced by both periods of starvation. The activity of lactase and of acid and alkaline phosphatase, however, was less subject to starvation. There were striking differences in the response to starvation between the proximal, mid and distal third of the small intestine. The importance of the proper reference system was discussed.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198183

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of a local delayed hypersensitivity reaction (allograft rejection) on small intestinal architecture has been examined by using scanning electron microscopy of the mucosal surface. In isografts, regarded as a morphological basis for normality of the system, the villi appeared normal and finger like. In allografts the appearances ranged from fairly normal areas to others with stunted and ridged villi, and flat areas in which crypt mouths opened on to the flat mucosal surface. The fine structure of epithelial cells was studied further by transmission electron microscopy. There was an apparent reduction in the size of the microvillous border in allografts but no other consistent abnormality. The similarities between this model of allograft rejection, and untreated coeliac disease in man, are highlighted and contrasted with the effects of acute radiation injury on the intestine.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198233

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Exocrine pancreatic function was studied by rapid intravenous injection and by prolonged intravenous infusion of a combination of secretin and caerulein in a group of patients with proven pancreatic disease and in controls. The aim was to compare the value of the two procedures of stimulation in the diagnosis of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Results showed that the pancreatic response to infusion of the stimulants discriminates normal from abnormal pancreatic function better than responses to rapid injection.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198184

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Renal amylase clearance in relation to creatinin clearance (Cam/Ccr) was determined for 20 patients suffering from acute pancreatitis (AP). For each of them, the diagnosis rested upon operative or laparoscopic observation of characteristic anatomical or histological lesions. The average clearance relationship in these patients reached 16 ± SEM 3.8%. These results were significantly higher than those obtained from 132 patients who had been hospitalized for other medical or surgical diseases, as well as from 51 test patients (p < 0.001). The authors stressed the diagnostic importance of this test, in particular in the presence of a normal amylasemia level

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198185

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An attempt was made to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of the 14CO2-tripalmitin breath test in the screening or diagnosis of fat malabsorption. The differential absorption of 14C-tripalmitin and palmitic acid was evaluated in the diagnosis of pancreatic insufficiency. 24 controls, 13 patients with steatorrhea and 6 with pancreatic disease (4 of them with insufficiency) were studied. 81 breath tests were performed using 75 ml sour cream as a carrier. In 11 cases the 14C-tripalmitin test was repeated using 27 g corn oil as carrier. Both the 14C-tripalmitin and 14C-palmitic acid breath tests failed to provide any discrimination between normals and patients with fat malabsorption. Variation in type and amount of the carrier fat did not alter these results. 14C-tripalmitin absorption was distinctly abnormal in the patients with pancreatic insufficiency. The differential absorption of 14C-tripalmitin and 14C-ρalmitic acid provided an even better separation between patients with and without pancreatic disease. In contrast to some other investigators we did not find the 14C-tripalmitin and/or palmitic acid breath tests useful in the diagnosis or screening of fat malabsorption. These tests appear promising in the diagnosis of pancreatic disease

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198186

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1978

数据来源: Karger