摘要:

Nonfusion of the pancreatic ducts (pancreas divisum) was diagnosed in 41 of 812 patients in whom ERCP provided a definite diagnosis (5.04% of cases). Pancreas divisum was significantly associated with diseases of the pancreas. Chronic pancreatitis was less frequently observed in cases of pancreas divisum whereas acute pancreatitis, especially acute recurrent pancreatitis, was statistically more frequently seen in patients in whom the anomaly was present. These results support the hypothesis that pancreas divisum favours the development of acute pancreatitis.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198689

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Administration of antibiotics has been reported to prevent or minimize liver dysfunction in experimental animals having been subjected to jejunoileal bypass, suggesting that jejunoileal bypass-induced liver dysfunction results from production of toxic substances by bacteria in the defunctionalized bowel. However, improved absorption will also prevent bypass-induced liver injury. We studied the effects of tetracycline on the development of bypass-induced liver dysfunction and compared it to the mucosal adaptation of the intact bowel after bypass. After 6 weeks, rats subjected to bypass but not given antibiotics had decreased levels of serum triglycerides, hepatic cytochrome P-450, and hepatic pentobarbital hydroxylase. Evaluation of intestinal mucosal hyperplasia after bypass indicated that animals given antibiotics after bypass developed greater increases in mucosal DNA content, mucosal protein, and mucosal weight than bypassed animals not receiving antibiotics. We speculate that the beneficial effects of antibiotic administration on liver function after bypass may be a result of improved absorption.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198705

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

This paper describes the progressive effects of severe copper depletion on pancreatic weight, structure, amylase content and responses to secretin and caerulein, as well as a number of general body parameters (appearance, body weight and blood indices). Copper depletion was produced by feeding young rats a copper-deficient diet alone or together with either of the two chelating agents D-penicillamine or triethylene tetramine (Trien). After 6 weeks, the copper-deficient diet alone had relatively little effect on general body parameters but reduced gland weight and the secretory response to caerulein. Addition of .D-penicillamine had a deleterious effect on general body parameters; it caused total acinar cell atrophy but left ductal and islet tissue relatively intact; gland weight was markedly reduced, and gland amylase was reduced virtually to zero; and the secretory response to caerulein was almost abolished while that to secretin was reduced. The effects of Trien on general body parameters were less severe; the secretory response to secretin was also less affected, while acinar cell atrophy, gland amylase and the secretory response to caerulein were affected to the same extent as with D-penicillamine. The effects of severe copper depletion on the pancreas were largely irreversible after 13 weeks on a copper-supplemented diet.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198706

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193249

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1917

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The aim of this work was to analyze the outcome of 78 cases of esophageal cancer for which the endoscopic placement of a Häring prosthesis was chosen as a palliative method of treatment. The average length of hospitalization was 10 days and the average survival time was 90.8 days. The postinsertion mortality rate was 6% and there were 44 complications. The best indications are carcinoma of the lower two thirds of the esophagus, neoplastic mediastinitis and esophageal fistulae

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198707

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Duodenal fluids from control and cystic fibrosis (CF) patients were assayed for enterokinase (EK), trypsin and chymotrypsin activities. CF patients as a group were found to have higher basal EK activity in spite of low trypsin and chymotrypsin activities. In control patients, pancreozymin (CCK) injection led to increases in specific activities of trypsin and chymotrypsin and a decrease in EK but did not change the total EK activities. Secretin administration led to decreases in specific activities of trypsin and chymotrypsin compared to post-CCK levels. The total EK activities were greatly increased following secretin administration. Thus, secretin may have direct influence on the release of EK into the duodenum. CCK and secretin have no effect on the specific activities of trypsin, chymotrypsin and EK in CF patients. EK release in CF patients is either constitutive and therefore not affected by CCK and secretin or it has been fully induced by the low trypsin content and becomes unresponsive to further hormonal stimulation.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198708

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gastric acid and pepsin secretory responses to graded doses of pentagastrin were measured in 12 Chagas’ disease patients and 18 control subjects, and in 7 Chagas’ disease patients and 6 controls the study was repeated with an infusion of bethanecol. Calculated maximal outputs of acid and pepsin (Vmax) and responsiveness (D50) of the acid- and pepsin-secreting cells to pentagastrin were lower in the chagasics. Bethanecol had no significant effect on pentagastrin-stimulated gastric secretions in controls. The impairment of responsiveness of the gastric secretory cells in Chagas’ disease patients was fully corrected by betha

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198709

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

An acute hemorrhagic pancreatitis with fat necrosis (AHPN) was induced in female mice fed a choline-deficient diet containing 0.5% DL-ethionine. The effect of various proteinase inhibitors on the induction of the pancreatitis was evaluated using three parameters, the mortality of the animals, the appearance before death of a shock-like state, and the severity of the pancreatic pathology. Treatment of the animals with leupeptin, pepstatin, chymostatin and/or antipain, proteinase inhibitors of microbial origin, resulted in a distinct attenuation of the severity of the induced process, whereas aprotinin and chloroquine had no effect. The results indicate that use of the microbial proteinase inhibitors should be considered as potential therapeutic agents in cases of pancreatitis.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198710

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000193250

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1917

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The effect of chronic ethanol administration on the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into DNA of isolated intestinal cells in the rat was investigated. Chronic ethanol consumption increased significantly DNA synthesis in intestinal mucosal cells. Whether this enhancement of DNA synthesis as a measure for cellular regeneration is due to the local effect of ethanol via tissue injury, to a direct stimulatory effect of ethanol on enzyme activities involved in DNA metabolism or to a change in the intestinal cell population with a shift to immature crypt cells by ethanol is not known.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198711

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1982

数据来源: Karger