摘要:

Because of the high incidence of gastric cancer in fishermen, in seabird catchers, and in regions generally associated with a temperate or cool marine environment, the association of seabirds with gastric cancer risk was investigated regionally in Newfoundland. Cartographic plotting and correlation analyses of 23 individual or combined regions of Newfoundland with respect to M, F or M + F mortality rates showed a close similarity between high risk areas and large seabird aggregations which were in the southeast region of the island. Coastal fish processing plants were also prevalent focal points in this region between fishermen and seabird populations, suggesting that a chemical or viral carcinogen should be sought within this triad of fishermen, seabirds, and fish plants.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198048

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The pattern and the time of gastric emptying were investigated in 38 patients with peptic ulcer and 7 healthy volunteers using the double-sampling method. The pattern of gastric emptying assumed the following three attitudes, that is, exponential (44%), quadratic (29%) and unclassified (27%) pattern. These patterns appeared to depend on the distance from the gastric angle to the pyloric ring measured from X-ray pictures in the upright position. There was no significant difference in the gastric emptying time in patients with peptic ulcer according to its site. During follow-up observations of the same case, the gastric emptying time had a tendency to shorten in patients with duodenal ulcer while it showed no definite variation in patients with gastric ulcer.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198049

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Four subjects were given test meals containing various concentrations of hydrochlorides of glycine, alanine, arginine, phenylalanine and tryptophan. The gastric contents were recovered after 20 min. The volume of the original meal recovered was assessed from the amount of marker substance aspirated. It was found that the slowing of gastric emptying of amino acid hydrochlorides was consistent with their action as weak acids. However, tryptophan and phenylalanine were slightly more effective than was predicted on the basis of their actions as acids.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198050

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Intravenous infusion of arginine has been reported to be a powerful stimulus of endogenous gastrin release. This response has been re-examined in 12 normal human subjects. 6 of the subjects showed a 40% or greater rise in serum gastrin, and these responses were widely scattered in time. Changes in overall mean serum gastrin were small and showed a significant (p < 0.05) rise over mean basal levels at only one point in time which was during arginine infusion. In this study arginine infusion resulted in a much smaller and less consistent serum gastrin response than previous reports.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198051

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

The acidic glycosaminoglycans (AGAG) in normal portions of human gastric tissue were separated by electrophoresis in 3 buffer systems. Paper chromatographic separation of the constitutional disaccharide units by digestion of chondroitin sulfates (CS) with chondroitinase-ABC and chondroitinase-AC was carried out after fractionation of CS by ion-exchange resin column chromatography. Thin-layer chromatography of hexosamines and other biochemical analysis were also performed. The presence of hyaluronic acid in the gastric tissue was substantiated by the enzymatic susceptibility to streptomyces hyaluronidase. The results indicated that human gastric AGAG consisted of, in the order of amount, heparan sulfates, dermatan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin-4-sulfate, chondroitin-6-sulfate and presumably oversulfated chondroitin sulfate.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198052

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

In an attempt to determine the significance of increased β-glucuronidase content of gastric juice of patients with gastric carcinoma, gastric mucosal cells were exposed, in organ culture technique, to a known gastric carcinogen and indices of carcinogenic activity were studied in the ambient fluid and in the mucosal cells. Isotopic methods were used to determine cell viability. Indices of carcinogenic activity in the ambient fluid were β-glucuronidase and lactate production and changes in the LDH isoenzyme pattern of the homogenates of the exposed cells were also studied. Incubation with the carcinogen resulted in increased production of β-glucuronidase and lactate, suggesting the increased β-glucuronidase activity in the gastric juice of patients with gastric cancer indicates maligna

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198053

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Enterokinase activity was demonstrated in biopsies obtained during gastroscopy specimens in 6 patients with extended intestinal metaplasia of gastric mucosa. These observations seem to support the hypothesis that intestinalized brush border cells of gastric mucosa may have the original absorptive and secretory capacity of true intestinal epithelium.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198054

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Gastric ulcers induced in dogs by transserosal injection of 1 ml of 40% acetic acid healed completely by the 7th week after ulceration and never reulcerated during the observation period up to 12 weeks. Acetic acid ulcers in the active (at 1 week), quiescent (3 weeks) or healed (at 7 weeks) stages were not influenced by the daily administration of aspirin 2 g/dog/day for 5 consecutive weeks. All examinations were done by gastroscopy in addition to macroscopical and histological observations at autopsy.

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198055

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

Time-response and dose-response curves for acid output to continuous infusion of histamine (HIST) and pentagastrin (PG) were determined by two techniques in conscious rats provided with chronic gastric fistula. With the step-dose technique the dose of the stimulant was increased each hour; with the single-dose technique only one dose of the stimulant was administered on each test day. The observed maximum acid output (OMAO) was obtained either by infusion of PG at a rate of 6 μg/kg/h using both techniques or HIST at a rate of 1 mg/kg/h with the single-dose and 2 mg/kg/h with the step-dose technique. These OMAO were in the order: single PG > single HIST > step HIST > step PG in ratios 100 – 99 – 83 – 82. The dose-response curves were also analyzed by application of the Michaelis-Menten equation. For each stimulant there was no difference between the calculated maximum acid output (CMAO) whatever the technique used, but PG gave lower CMAO than HIST (p < 0.05). For both stimulants the calculated doses for half the calculated maximal response (CD 50) are significantly higher with the step-dose than with the single-dose technique. These results are compared with those previously described in the literature for cats, dogs a

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198056

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger

摘要:

42 outpatients with chronic diarrhoea of varying origin received individually adapted doses (2–12 mg) of loperamide for a median time of 543 days (range 140–1,159 days). In most cases, the mean daily stool frequency dropped significantly and stool consistency improved clearly; the beneficial effects of the drug were maintained over the entire treatment period. Also, patients with diarrhoea of organic origin tended to react more favourably to loperamide than patients with functional diarrhoea. No drug-related changes in laboratory parameters could be detected and clinical side effects were virtually nil. No morphine-like effect of loperamide could be evidenced by means of the pupil diameter changes after naloxone administrat

ISSN:0012-2823    

DOI:10.1159/000198057

出版商:S. Karger AG    

年代:1977

数据来源: Karger