ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00842.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—We have compared the clinical, biochemical and immunological features of patients with biopsy‐proven chronic active hepatitis from Iraq and from the United Kingdom. Clear‐cut differences emerge, which can mostly be attributed to the HBV status, as 91% of patients from Iraq were HBsAg‐positive compared to only 6% from the U.K. Most patients from Iraq presented insidiously with established cirrhosis, while those from the U.K. presented more acutely and systemic symptoms were more common. Autoantibodies and associated autoimmune conditions were common in U.K. patients but extremely rare in

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00843.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Cytotoxicity of peripheral blood lymphocytes for autologous hepatocytes has been studied in 18 patients with different histological types of alcoholic liver disease. Cytotoxicity was significantly increased in five of ten patients with cirrhosis and/or alcoholic hepatitis but in only one of eight with fatty infiltration or minor histological changes. The cytotoxic effect of T‐ and non‐T‐effector cells was separately evaluated in 11 cases. Of six patients with alcoholic hepatitis, non‐T lymphocyte cytotoxicity was increased in five and T‐cell in only one. These preliminary results are consistent with the concept that autoimmune reactions may play a role in the development and progression of alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis, although it is likely that direct hepatotoxic effects of ethanol or its metabolites are also important in determining the pattern of liver injury and perhaps in initiating the immune reactions observed in

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00844.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The lymphocytic infiltrates were examined in 10 liver biopsy cores taken from nine cases of acute viral hepatitis (AVH), using cryostat sections. The cells were identified and characterized, using the monoclonal antibodies to T lymphocytes (OKT3), T helper cells (OKT4), and T suppressor/cytotoxic cells (OKT8) in an indirect immunofluorescence technique. Of the nine cases of AVH, three were type B, one was acute type A, with underlying chronic hepatitis type B, and the remaining five were non‐A, non‐B, with no serological markers. One of the patients with acute non‐A, non‐B hepatitis was biopsied twice with a 2‐month interval due to clinical relapse. Both these biopsies were included in the study. The cellular infiltrates, both lobular and portal, were graded from 1 + to 4 + and evaluated by examining the histological sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The approximate percentage of each set of cells staining with different antibodies was estimated in each case. The predominant cells were found to be T lymphocytes in all nine cases of AVH; of the two subsets, T suppressor/cytotoxic cells formed the majority in all except one patient who had AVH type A superimposed on chronic

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00845.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—We examined clinical and laboratory data and the liver pathology of 48 patients in whom porphyria cutanea tarda was related to alcohol ingestion, estrogen use and pregnancy, or was idiopathic. Biochemical test results, when abnormal, tended to be mild in most cases, with less than two‐fold elevations of serum aminotransferases and alkaline phosphatase and mild hyperbilirubinemia. Fatty change, liver cell and Kupffer cell hemosiderosis and glycogenation of hepatocyte nuclei were frequent histologic findings in the 58 liver specimens studied. Alcoholic hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis were uncommon. Granuloma‐like lobular aggregates consisting of iron‐ and ceroid‐laden Kupffer cells, chronic inflammatory cells and fat droplets (“lobular lesions of porphyria cutanea tarda”) were found in nearly two‐thirds of specimens and appeared to be the most characteristic form of parenchymal damage in this form of porphyria. These lesions may be associated with pericentral fibrosis in alcoholic as well as estrogen‐treated patients and may remit following thera

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00846.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—HBV‐DNA was measured by the spot hybridization technique in serial serum samples obtained from 47 HBsAg carriers followed up for a mean of 4 years. The levels of HBV‐DNA were compared to the conventional HBV serology and immunopathology to determine the relation of active HBV replication to the outcome of hepatitis and the suitability of Italian HBsAg carriers for treatment with DNA inhibitors. HBV‐DNA was found in 26 carriers (53%) and persisted with comparable serum levels in 24 of them throughout the follow up. The occurrence rate of an unfavorable outcome as determined by histological evidence of cirrhosis was 6% versus 44% (p1 ng/ml of HBV‐DNA) and in patients with absent or low levels of viral DNA (<1 pg/ml), respectively. Progression of the liver disease could not be predicted on the basis of active HBV replication and was presumably related to factors other than synthesis of HBV. In many patients with inactive viral infection a primary pathogenic factor was the HBV‐associated δ, an agent with a putative RNA genome against which DNA inhibitors have no rationale and possibly no effects. The majority of Italian carriers do not appear suitable for treatment with DNA inhibitors and they should be considered for a diffe

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00847.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Membrane‐bound IgG and lymphocytotoxic activity of total, T‐enriched and T‐depleted lymphocytes, using autologous hepatocytes have been evaluated in: (a) 31 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) (six autoimmune and 25 hepatitis B virus ‐ HBV‐related); (b) five patients with inactive alcoholic cirrhosis; and (c) nine subjects with normal hepatic histology. Lymphocytotoxicity was positive in 83% of autoimmune CAH and 68% of HBV‐related cases; it was confined to the T‐depleted subpopulation in the first group, while it was present in both the T‐enriched and T‐depleted subpopulations in 81% of HBV‐related cases. Membrane‐bound IgG was present in 58% of group (a) and in none of the other groups. A linear pattern was found in four out of five autoimmune CAH patients with positive lymphocytotoxic activity. The autoimmune patient with lymphocytotoxic activity within the normal range did not show any membrane fluorescence. Among HBV‐related CAH patients, 13 presented a granular pattern, two an associated granular and linear pattern and ten were negative. These data suggest that different lymphocytotoxic mechanisms are involved in the

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00848.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The predictive value of piecemeal necrosis (PMN) in acute hepatitis was investigated in 62 patients (39 hepatitis B virus infection, 9 hepatitis A virus infection and 14 possible hepatitis NANB virus infection). The 62 initial biopsies were blindly recoded and classified into three groups: 1. Acute hepatitis with signs of possible transition to chronicity (AHTC) (n = 35)(i.e. a picture of acute hepatitis associated with PMN). 2. AHTC‐borderline group (BL) (n = 15) (i.e. a picture of acute hepatitis with minimal PMN). 3. Uncomplicated acute hepatitis (AH) (n = 12) (i.e. a picture of acute hepatitis without PMN). Follow‐up of the patients revealed an evolution to chronicity in a very high percentage of the AHTC‐cases of hepatitis B (95%) and NANB (89%) etiology. Also 67% of the BL‐cases of hepatitis B etiology developed chronic liver disease. In hepatitis B the immunohistochemical pattern of HBsAg is of additional help. In hepatitis A, PMN is often present (5/9) but no evolution to chronicity was observed. This study shows that PMN in acute hepatitis appears to be a useful prognostic feature for chronicity in hepatitis B

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00849.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The relationship between Ito cells and hepatic fibrogenesis has been investigated in an experimental model: intraperitoneal injection of heterologous serum in rats leads to the appearance of fibrous septa within 5 weeks. Groups of rats were sacrificed at various intervals (from 2.5 to 20 weeks), saline‐injected rats being used as controls. Liver fragments were prepared for light and electron microscopy and determination of hydroxyproline. Ito cells were identified by defined morphological criteria on 1 μm sections. The volume density (VD) of Ito cells and fibrous septa, and the Ito cell index were determined. Ito cells represent a very relevant component of early septa. In later stages, the VD of cells with morphological features of Ito cells falls to very low values. This might be related to modulation of Ito cells to fibroblasts. The increase of tissue hydroxyproline is delayed with respect to the peak VD of septal Ito cells, actually corresponding to the fall in the VD of septal Ito cells. The striking increase in the VD of total Ito cells cannot be related to a theoretically possible increase in the volume of single Ito cells, as VD always parallels the Ito cell index. These data suggest a hyperplastic reaction, possibly associated with a cellular migration from the lobules to early s

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00850.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1983.tb00851.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1983

数据来源: WILEY