摘要:

ABSTRACT—Surgically obtained liver specimens from four patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), Stages I–II, were studied immunohistochemically using a broad panel of monoclonal antibodies. At the site of bile‐duct injury (CNSDC), the inflammatory cells were recognized to be Coulter T‐11+ (directed against all T‐cells) and OKT‐8+ (directed against cytotoxic/suppressor: C/S T‐cells) cells. The MHC‐class I antigen (i.e. HLA‐A, B, C) was expressed weakly in the cytoplasm of the minority of damaged bile‐duct epithelial cells, and the MHC‐class II antigen (i.e. HLA‐DR) was not expressed. Thus, OKT‐8+ cells may play an important role in the immunologically mediated destruction of ductular epithelium in PBC. Strong MHC‐antigen expression and OKT‐8+ cell infiltration in destructive bile‐duct lesions were not simultaneously observed. In the portal lymphocyte‐rich areas, OKT‐4+ (directed against helper/inducer: H/I T‐cells) predominated over OKT‐8+ cells. B‐lymphocytes were present predominantly in the peripheral zones of the lymphoid aggregates. The distribution of helper/inducer T‐cells and B‐lymphocytes indicates that they may play a role in the induction of immunoglobulin in the lymphocyte‐rich areas. The inflammatory mononuclear cells within the granuloma observed in one patient were Coulter T‐11+, OKT‐8+ and Leu‐3

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00260.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Sixty patients with liver biopsy documented chronic hepatitis B attending Roslagstull Hospital for Infectious Diseases, Stockholm, Sweden, were followed during a mean period of 53 months (range 7–133 months) in order to evaluate the frequency of delta infection and HBeAg seroconversion as well as the histological outcome as assessed by liver biopsy. Spontaneous HBeAg clearance and development of anti‐HBe occurred among 17 of 36 initially HBeAg positive patients (47%), corresponding to an annual seroconversion rate of 11%. Biochemical improvement was noted in 7/17 patients (41%) after seroconversion as against in 2/19 patients (10.5%) with HBeAg persistence. Superinfection with the delta agent was seen to be associated with severe liver injury among drug addicts and immigrants with chronic hepatitis B. In the absence of a delta infection, progressive liver disease seemed to be associated with persistence of HBeAg. Although none of the homosexual men studied were delta superinfected, 71% developed chronic active hepatitis (CAH) with or without cirrhosis

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00261.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Six hundred and sixty‐six homosexuals were analysed in respect of hepatitis B virus and delta infections. Evidence of ongoing or recent hepatitis B virus infection was found in 450/666 (67.6%) homosexuals; 44 were HBsAg positive. Anti‐delta was found in two HBsAg‐positive homosexuals. Both individuals had a non‐replicative form of HBV infection and biochemical evidence of liver disease. The study confirms that HBV infection is frequent in homosexuals and indicates that delta‐infection is rare in male

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00262.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—1) A NANB agent of human origin was inoculated in HBV‐immunized chimpanzees. Infection was proven in two animals and serially passed to two others. The absence of anti‐HBc in serum and the absence of HBsAg and HbcAg in liver are arguments against the HBV nature of the transmitted infection. Moreover, the reproducible appearance of the NANBcAg/Ab system at each passage from man to chimpanzee and from chimpanzee to chimpanzee, a response not elicited in control animals, suggests that this reaction may be a specific immunologic marker for the strain. 2) NANB infection was transmitted in all chimpanzees. 3) Distinctive hepatic morphologic features were obtained in the liver biopsies of the human donor and the inoculated chimpanzees: eosinophilic alterations of hepatocytes and numerous inflammatory cells. Inflammation was more prominent than necrosis, appearing earlier and lasting longer, but was not topographically close to the eosinophilic changes. 4) On electron microscopy, particles characteristic of NANB agent were observed in the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes. No particles were demonstrated in the nucleus of these

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00263.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Serum specimens collected from patients with chronic type B hepatitis during their acute exacerbations were studied with radioimmunoassay for serological markers of delta (δ) agent infection. Serum δ antigen was negative in all 56 hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)‐positive and 25 anti‐HBe‐positive acute exacerbations. Two (3.6%) HBeAg‐positive and five (20%) anti‐HBe‐positive acute exacerbations were found to be positive for both IgG anti‐δ and IgM anti‐δ. The incidence in anti‐HBe‐positive patients was significantly higher than in HBeAg‐positive patients. These results indicated that some of the acute exacerbations, particularly in anti‐HBe‐positive phase, could be attributed to δ‐superinfection. However, acute exacerbations preceding HBeAg/anti‐HBe seroconversion were

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00264.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver was found at liver biopsy and at autopsy in a 61‐year‐old woman with severe cholestasis. Increased bilirubin levels persisted over a follow‐up period of 4 years. Microscopic findings included hyperplastic hepatocytic nodules, interlobular bile duct lesions, fibrous medial and intimal thickening of small arterial branches and portal veins, and recanalization of a thrombus in a major portal branch related to an area of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver. Bile duct and small vessel changes were prominent in the present case. Their role as contributing factors to the development of nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver is di

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00265.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—The effect of cianidanol on the HBeAg/anti‐HBe system in 338 patients with HBeAg‐positive chronic hepatitis was studied in a double‐blind, randomised, placebo‐controlled, multicentre clinical trial. 174 patients received cianidanol in a daily dose of 1.5 g for 2 weeks, followed by 2.25 g for a further 14 weeks. 164 patients received a placebo for the same period: patients were followed up for a further 8 weeks. HBeAg and anti‐HBe antibody titers were measured by R.I.A. at 4‐week intervals and the results were expressed as a “cut‐off index” and “inhibition percent”, respectively. Liver function tests were also monitored at the same intervals. The HBeAg titer decreased by at least 50% in 44 of 144 cases treated with cianidanol (21 of 140 cases treated with placebo). The difference was significant (p<0.01). The HBeAg disappeared in 16 of the cianidanol cases and four of the placebo (p<0.05) and a seroconversion was observed in six cianidanol patients and three placebo patients. The mean HBeAg titer in the cianidanol group was significantly lower than that in the placebo group at the end of the 16 weeks of therapy (p<0.05). The patients whose HBeAg titer was lowered were largely those with chronic active hepatitis and had higher initial values of SGPT, SGOT and γ‐globulin than the patients whose HBeAg titers remained unchanged. The mean values for these liver function tests also fell significantly in the former sub‐group. The drug was well tolerated, the only notable side effect being a transient febrile reaction in 13 patients. It is concluded that cianidanol is a useful and well‐tolerated drug for improving the HBeAg/anti‐HBe system in patients with HBeAg

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00266.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets involved in cytotoxicity to autologous hepatocytes have been characterized by isolation on antibody‐coated Petri dishes in autoimmune and HBsAg‐positive chronic active hepatitis (CAH). In autoimmune CAH and in HBsAg‐positive CAH without HBcAg in liver tissue, cytotoxicity is sustained by non‐T lymphocytes and is confined to M1‐positive cells bearing Fc receptors: M1 cytotoxicity inhibition by adding aggregated IgG suggests that these cells are responsible for an antibody‐dependent cell‐mediated mechanism (ADCC). Moreover, when T‐enriched fractions were separated in T4, T8 and 5/9 positive subsets, only the first one showed a significant cytotoxicity: T4 positive cells might act as cytotoxic T cells or might be involved in delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactions. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes in HBsAg‐positive CAH with HBcAg in liver tissue are confined in T8 positive subset, while helper/inducer T cells (T4 positive or 5/9 positive) seem to play an important role only in the induction of cell‐mediated injury against hepatocytes. The inhibition of T cell‐cytotoxicity by preincubating liver cells with monoclonal antibody (Mab) anti‐HLA AB and not with Mab anti‐HLA DR or aggregated IgG supports the involvement of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expresse

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00267.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

ABSTRACT—In the basal state, the presence of L pyruvate kinase (LPK) was constantly observed in primary human liver cell cultures initiated from explants, when cells were examined by immunofluorescence and double labelling. After short‐term insulin incubation, M pyruvate kinase (MPK) appeared. Therefore, both LPK and MPK were located in the same cells. We previously obtained the same results in isolated rat hepatocytes in which we demonstrated that short‐term regulation of M2PK by insulin was a function of dose and/or incubation time. The present work established that similar conditions govern the regulation of this isozymein vitroin human hepato

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00268.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0106-9543    

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0676.1986.tb00269.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY