摘要:

256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent.of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300187

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300188

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent.of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol.( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent.of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent.of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent.of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol.( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent.of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent.of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300189

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent.of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol.( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent.of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent.of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent.of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol.( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent.of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent.of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300197

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent.of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300204

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent.of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol.( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent.of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent.of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent.of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol.( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent.of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent.of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300205

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent.of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol.( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent.of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent.of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. white berries, (2) 15 per cent.of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L . ; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.256 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS “Black Pepper ”: Black Pepper is the dried immature berry of Piper Nigrum, L.; it shall contain- ( a ) No foreign substance ; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent.white berries, (2) 15 per cent. of waste material, (3) 7 per cent. of total ash ; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 8 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. (c) Not less than “ White Pepper ”: White pepper is the dried more or less mature berry of Piper Nigrum, L .; i t shall contain- ( a ) No foneign substance; ( b ) Not more than (1) 5 per cent. black berries, (2) 7 per cent. of immature berries, (3j 3-5 per cent. of ash; (1) 6 per cent. of extract soluble in ether, and (2) 7 per cent. of extract soluble in ethylic alcohol. ( c ) Not less than It is provided in the Regulations of 1913, which are still operative, that the importation of all goods mentioned in the First Schedule above referred to, which do not comply with the Standards set out therein, is prohibited, unless the trade description applied to the goods includes in bold and legible, characters the matters and the extent to which the goods do not comply with the standards applicable thereto.-Board of Tmde Journal, May 24, 1917.

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300213

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

FOOD AND DRUGS ANALYSIS 217 ABSTRACTS QF PAPEES PUBLISHED IN OTHER JOURNALS. FOOD AND DRUGS ANALYSIS. Alkalised Cocoas and their Differentiation from Natural Cocoas. Bocques and Touplain. (Ann. de FaZsific., 1918,19,111-Il2.)-The French official decree of December 17, 1910, Article 18, fixes the standards for alkalised cocoas as follows : (1) The quantity of added alkali should not exceed 5.75 grms.of potassium carbonate or an equivalent amount of other alkaline carbonate per 100 grins. of dry fat-free cocoa; (2) the powder so obtained should retain a, faintly acid reaction without the addition of any acidifying substance (cf. ANALPST, 1917, 42, 173, 174, 391). Bordas, in a Government Report of 1908 dealing with cocoas of different origin, found the following values for their potassium salts, estimated gravi- metrically : I Potassium Salts as rc,co, per Cent.on Dry Pat-yree Cocoa. Cocoa. I 3.53 ' * - i 3-62 Non-alkalised block . . . Non-dkalised powder . . . Alkalised powder . . . ... I 7-07 ~ 4.47 3-81 9-41 3'87 3.71 7.87 By calculation from these figures it will ba found that 5.75 per cent. of potassium carbonate (viz. the above-mentioned standard) represents the maximum added alkalinity in any of the samples examined, and this figure was therefore adopted as sufficient for all reasonable industrial requirements.The official French method for She estimation of added alkali is based on the inoreme in alkalinity of the total ash218 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS of ordinary cocoas, and assumes that the alkalinity of the ash in dry fat-free cacao matter is never greater than 2.75 per cent.on non-alkalised samples, and that in consequence an alkali-treated sample should not exceed 5.75 + 2.75 = 8.5 per cent. as potaasium carbonate on dry fat-free cacao matter. Experience has shown that when alkaline carbonates are added to cacao-ash and the mixture burnt, this alkali is found not only as an addition to the weight of the total ash, but also by titration of the total ash, and not in the soluble ash as would have been anticipated.The figure 2.75, given as the maximum alkalinity for the total ash, has given rise to much discussion, and, as the present paper shows, does not appear to be the maximum €or all beans of varying growths and seasons, and experiments were made on non- alkalised cocoas to investigate the validity of this number.It will often be found necessary, in order to obtain an ash free from carbon, to add a small quantity of ammonium carbonate, as it is sometimes difficult to free the ash completely from carbon. On extracting the ash with boiling water, the filtrate is titrated with tropeolin as indicator, and the acid required for this will be found to correspond t o the carbonate present plus one-third of the phosphoric acid.The carbonic acid alone can be obtained by titration with phenolphthalein. Analysis of a large number of cocoas which have not been treated with alkali show that in many cases the alkalinity exceeds the value 2-75 per cent., and the author recommends that a value of 3.75 per cent.should be officially adopted. In any case, where the value so found exceeds 3.5 it is advisable to estimate the alkalinity both on the soluble and insoluble ash, in order to obtain an indication of the soluble phosphoric acid. Tables are given summarising the results found in the examination of fifty samples of named varieties of cocoa. H. F. E. H. Determination of the Purity of Castor Oil.Chercheffsky. (Ann. Chhn. aml., 1918, 23, 75-81.)-The method proposed depends on the critical temperature of solution of bhe oil in alcohol under given conditions. Eight drops of the oil tu be- tested are placed in a test-tube 10 cm. in length and 8 mm. in diameter, 40 drops of ethyl alcohol (sp. gr. 0.8481 at 1 5 O / 1 5 ' C.) are added, the open end of the tube is drawn out and sealed hermetically, and the tube is then heated gradually in a glycerol or oil bath.As the temperature rises, the curved meniscus between the oil and alcohol layers flattens until it becomes horizontal ; at this point the contents of the tube are mixed without removing the tube from the bath, the burner is withdrawn from under the bath, and the latter allowed to cool.The temperature at which the contents of the tube become turbid is noted. In the case of pure castor oil this point lies between 66' and 67" C. ; for other oils the turbidity temperature is as follows : Rape oil, 2 0 2 O ; eartihnut oil, 197'; cottonseed oil, 1 7 2 O ; linseed oil, 163O; fish oil, 167' C. The presence of as little as 2 per cent. of any of these oils in castor oil raises the turbidity point of the latter to 69' to 71" C.The test is influenced by free fatty acids in the oil, and, if necessary, the oil should be washed with dilute alkali solution, then with 30 per cent. alcohol, and dried at 102' C. for two hours before the test is applied. Owing to the difficulty of obtaining petroleum spirit of constant composition (the oomposition varies with the origin of the peliroleum and the boiling-paint of a fractionFOOD AND DRUGS ANALYSIS 219 C~O.Lactose. C~O. ' Lactose. I Grm . Grm. Grm. Grm. -03 -0172 -14 -0832 *04 -0230 -15 -0893 -05 *0290 *I6 -0954 *I014 -06 -0350 *07 *0411 .I 8 __--__ _____ _____I *I7 *lo74 is not a definite criterion of the character of the constituents) the author considers that the method described by Frabot (ANALYST, 1918, 43, 40) is open to criticism.w. P. s. C~O. Laotose. C ~ O . Lactose. Grm. Grm. Grm. GrII1. -25 a1507 036 -2220 *26 *1570 -37 .2266 *2 7 *I630 *38 -2352. *28 *1693 -39 53419 -29 *I755 40 *2486* Estimation of Lactose in Dried Milks. Reports to the Local Government Board (New Series 116. Food Reports No. 24). 1918. (See p. 239). Part 111. of the above report consists of an examination of dried milk powders at the Government Laboratory carried out in connection with an inquiry by F.J. Coutts on the subject of their use in infant feeding (see p. 239). The estimation of the lactose present in the samples was done gravimetrically, using the method of Brown, Morris, and Millar (J. Chem. Soc., 1897,71,275), involving the use of Fehling's solution.The lactose was crtlculated as hydrated lactose (C12H2~Oll.HzO), although it is considered possible that some portion of it may be present in the anhydrous form (C12H22011) (~f. P. 244). Two and a half grms. of the sample are transferred to a mortar, rubbed into a thin paste with hot water, and neutrslised with & soda solution, using phenolphthalein as indicator.The contents of the mortar are washed into a 250 C.C. calibrated 6aRk with about 200 C.C. of water, and & sulphuric acid added equivalent to the soda required for neutralisation. The proteins are precipi- tated by the addition of Fehling's copper sulphate solution, and the volume made UP t0 250 C.C. Fifty C.C. are taken for the copper reduction, the precipitated cuprous oxide being filtered on a Gooch crucible, and finally weighed as CuO.The equivalent quantity of hydrated laofose was obtained from a series of estimations made with a specimen of pure hydrated lactose, prepared by Kahlbaum. Its purity was verified by the polarimeter, and by the loss on drying at 130' C. Duplicate estimations were made 0x1 thirty-four separate amounts of the pure sugar, ranging from -015 to *28 grm., and from the curve obtained by plotting out the results the following table was constructed ; -1135 *30 *1823 *41 -20 -31 ~1869 42 -32 *1954 -43 *I9 -1197 1 *08 ,0471 1 -09 -0532 1 -10 -0592 -21 *I260 -2547 02609 *2672 -11 *12 *13 a2738 -2804 *(I652 -22 -1322 *33 -2020 00712 *23 *1384 -34 02087 -0772 1 *24 1 -1446 -35220 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS Estimation of the Acidity of Condensed Milk.M. Dujardin. (Ann. Chim. anaZ., 1918, 23, 83-84.j-Ten grms. of the sample are diluted with 25 C.C. of warm water free from carbon dioxide, and the solution is titrated with :G sodium hydroxide solution, using phenolphthalein as indicatoy. The percentage acidity is expressed in terms of lactic acid. I n wholesome sweetened, unsweetened, or skimmed condensed milk the acidity does not exceed 0.5 per cent.When the acidity lies between 0.5 and 0.75 per cent, the quality of the milk is doubtful, whilst an acidity of more than 0.75 per cent. indicates that the milk is unfit for consumption. w. P. s. Analysis of Molasses. H. S. Walker. (J. Ind. and Eng. Chem., 1918,10, 198-202.)-0ne of the main sources of error in the polarisation of waste molasses is the large volume occupied by the lead precipitate, which decreases the volume of the liquid. This error may make the polarisation of a molasses containing 35 per cent.of sucrose 0.5 or even 0.7 per cent. too high, according to the quantity of basic lead acetate required. On the other hand, if the molasses solution be first made up to the mark and then clarified by the addition of dry basic lead acetate, an increase in volume is produced by a certain proportion of the lead salt going into solution and the results are too low.Assuming that 3 grms. of lead salt are dissolved per 100 C.C. of the solution, the apparent loss of cane sugar is about 0.18 per cent. The author has isolated the impurities of molasses by decomposing the washed lead precipitate with hydrogen sulphide, and has made artificial mixtures of these impurities with known quantities of pure cane sugar, with and without known quantities of pure invert sugar ; with these reconstructed molasses it has been possible to investigate various sources of error. Considerable care is necessary in the choice of a suitable reagent for removing the excess of lead from the clarified solution, and the quantity of reagent used must be carefully regulated.The author has discarded the use of sodium bisulphite for this purpose, owing to its marked effect on the polarisation value of dextrose. The following procedure is described for the estimation of cane sugar in impure molasses : A double normal weight (52 grms.) of the molasses is dissolved and made up to 300 C.C.The solution is clarified in a larger flask with 15 to 20 grrns. of dry basic lead acetate and a few grrns. of dry sand and then filtered. To 75 C.C. of the filtrate in a 100 C.C. flask are added 20 C.C. of a solution containing 100 grms. of phosphoric acid per litre, and the liquid is made up to 100 C.C. and filtered. The addition of 0.5 grm.of zinc dust just before filtration may produce a, lighter colonr and does not affect the polarisation. The solution is polarised in the 400 mix. tube. Another portion of 75 C.C. of the original filtrate is treated in a 100 C.C. flask with 2 C.C. of diluted hydrochloric acid (I : 1 by volume) to neutralise the alkalinity of the solution ; the mixture is heated to 65" to 70" C., treated with 10 C.C.of diluted hydro- chloric acid (1 : I), allowed to stand for fifteen minutes, then cooled, made up to 100 c.c., treated with zinc dust, and filtered for the invert polarisation. The Clerget formula employed is i42*1 - 0+5t' This method possesses several advantages over the ordinary method. The addition of phosphoric acid throws down the excess of lead as a voluminous precipitate which is easily filtered, and which largely compen- sates for the dilution error caused by the excess of dry basic lead acetate used for D - IFOOD AND DRUGS ANALYSIS 221 clarification.The concentration of phosphoric acid selected is designed to give EL maximum degree of acidity without incurring the danger of inversion. Although the effect of this acidity on the polarisation of invert sugar is not quite equal to that of 5 C.C.of concentrated hydrochloric acid, yet the difference in practical analysis is negligible, and phosphoric acid is preferable to sulphurous acid for several reasons. One of the minor advantages of the dry lead salt method of clarification is that the same original solution in the 300 C.C. flmk may be weighed and used for the estima- tion of the specific gravity (Brix) of the molasses before proceeding to clarify for polarisation.J. F. B. Determination of Water in Molasses and Other Sugar-Factory Products by the Distillation Method. T. van der Linden, M. Kauffman, and F. Leistra. (Archief Suikerind. Ned.-IrzdG, 1917, 25, 951-962 ; through J. Xoc. Chenz. Ind., 1918,3?, 218a.)-The direct determination of the water in cane molasses by distillation with xylene gives very satisfactory results, provided a certain rate of distillation is observed; if heating be prolonged, some decomposition of the product with the formation of water occurs.I t is necessary to make a ‘( meniscus correction ” in measuring the volume of water passing over (this amounts to 0.16 C.C.under the conditions obtaining, xylene and not air being above), and also a correction for loss of water, either by volatilisation or absorption by the liquid distilled (for the apparatus used this was found to be 0.3 c.c.). Fifty grms. of the sample molasses or other product with 350 C.C. of xylene are placed in a copper distillation flask connected with an upright condenser, the lower end of which discharges into a 250 c.c, measuring cylinder graduated to & C.C.Heating is so regulated that about 100 C.C. of distillate passes over in three-quarters of an hour; after this the distillation is accelerated, so that in the fourth quarter of an hour another LOO C.C. distils over ; the receiver is removed immediately when 200 C.C. have been collected.Other volatile immiscible liquids, as benzene, toluene, kerosene, and mixtures of these, gave less satisfactory results. Relation between the Degree of Supersaturation, the Refractive Index, and the Temperature of Sugar Solutions. E. V. Miller and F. P, Worley. (J. Xoc. Clzem. Ind., 1918, 37, 98-103 T.)-Ilz the industrial crystallisation of sugar it would be important for the operator to know at any moment the degree of super- saturation of the solution undergoing treatment.An instrument has been devised which will show at a glance the refractive index of the liquid portion of the contents of the vacui;lm pan. I n defining the meaning of ‘‘ degree of supersaturation,” regard should be paid to the forces operative in inducing crystallisation and in determining its rate.These are : (1) The excess of osmotic pressure over solution pressure--i.e., its excess over the osmotic pressure of the saturated solution ; and (2) the viscous resistance of the molecules of sugar in the solution. I n concentrated solutiona at constant temperature hhe pressure varies approximately in proportion to the ratio solute : solvent. Starting with a quantity of xatumted solution containing 100 grins.of water, if s grms. of sugar be dissolved in this solution, the initial and final temperatnres being the same, then s will be the degree of supersaturation. If222 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS p is the percentage of sugar in a saturated solution at any temperature, and S the quantity of sugar per 100 of water in the same solution, then in the super- saturated solution the quantity of sugar per 100 of water is S t s , and the ~ 100 (S + s) percentage of sugar in it is given by p = l o o + s + ~ which may be expressed in terms of a function of the temperature, F ( t ) .For a given temperature the refractive index varies with the concentration thus : r= 8 ( p ) , where 8 is the function for the solution at the given temperature.The industrially important range of concentrations is between 72 and 81 per cent. of sugar, and the range of tempera- tures between 30" and 75" C. Within this range the temperature coefficient may be expressed as + (f, p ) so that the variation of the refractive index for any concentration and any temperature between these limits is shown by T= 6 ( p ) - + ( t , p ) .Sincep may be expressed in terms of a function of the temperature, F(t) and s, r may also be expressed in the same terms ; then Y and t can be determined by observation at the vacuum pan, so that, in order to ascertain s, it is only necessary to know the functions F ( t ) , 8 ( p ) , and (p (t,p). The function F ( t ) has been studied by Herefeld, (t' - the vahes of the other functions and is employed in the form of S = within the specified range have been determined by the authors. The investigattion was divided into two parts : (1) The determination of the temperature coefficients by placing in the refractorneter one sample of each solution and takingreadings of its index at different temperatures, and (2) the determination of 6(p) by plwing in succession in the refractometer, maintained at constant temperature, several samples of a solution of known strength, taking the mean of the index readings to be the true index, to correct for the want of homogeneity of thick solutions, and repeating this process with solutions of various strengths.The apparatus and manipulation used are described. The results for the determinations of the temperature coefficient of the refractive index are represented by the expression loo 100 - F ( t ) ' # ( p , t ) = (0~0001341+ 0~000001267~)t. The results for 8 ( p ) are represented by the expression 1.28534 +0*00263p. By substituting these values in the general expression given above the value of r for m y given ooncentratim and temperature is obtained, and if r and t be observed, p being capable of expression in terms of S+s, and S in terms of F(t), which is obtained from Herefeld's data, then s, the degree of supersaturation, can be calculated. J. F. B.

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300217

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC

摘要:

222 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS BACTERIOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, ETC. Gossypol, the Toxic Principle of Cottonseed. F. E. Carruth. (J. Amer. Chem. SOL, 1918, $0, 647-663.)-The undried kernels of cottonseed contain about 0.6 per cent. of the colouring matter which Marchlewski (J. prakt. Ckm., 1899, 60, 84) termed Since this sub- stance is soluble in ether, oil extracted from cottonseed with that solvent will contain about 1.8 per cent.of gossypol. I t has a composition corresponding with the formula, C,,H,,O,, forms salts with alkalis, and is readily soluble in solutions of sodium gossypol,” the highest yield recorded being 0-63 per cent.BACTERIOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, ETC. 223 hydroxide and carbonate. On titration, using phenolphthalein as indicator, it be- haves like a, dibasic acid.The yellow colour of the solutions of alkali salts changes first to greenish-brown, and then to blue, and finally disappears. It is readily soluble in warm aniline, with which it combines to form a bright orange-yellow com- pound, possibiy the dianiline salt, which separates out almost quantitatively on cooling the solution. On this fact has been based a, method of estimating gossypol in cotton- seed products, and of thus determining their relative toxicity.About 5 per cent. of aniline is added to the residue left on evaporating the ethereal extract of the cotton- seed, etc., and the mixture is heated on the water-bath and allowed to stand for a week or more. The aniline compound is then filtered off, washed free from oil with ether, and purified by recrystallisation from aniline.The free gossypol may be obtained by dissolving the aniIine compound in alcoholic potassium hydroxide solution, pouring the liquid into water, after the addition of a small quantity of sodium thio- sulphate (to prevent oxidation) and acid. This precipitates the gossypol, which is then taken up with ether, the solution partly evaporated, alcohol added, and the evapora- tion continued until crystals begin to form.Examination of various commercial cottonseed products showed that hot pressed meal contains little, if any gossypol, unless the seed is very dry, when a small quantity may be removed. On the other hand, the so-called cold-pressing,” in which the seed is first heated and ground under pressure, extracts at least three-quarters of the gossypol.For example, a mmple of crude oil contained 1.5 per cent. af gossypol, which was, however, completely removed in the refining with alkdi. In the hot-pressing process the contents of the glands are disintegrated and spread over the surface of the seed, so that the gossypol becomes oxidised and apparently converted into a less soluble and less toxic product.If very dry seed is used the gossypol is apparently not oxidised so readily, but remains in the meal, from which it may be extracted with ether. Gossypol dissolved in crude oil behaves in the same way as free fatty acids, and hence, if present in quantity, tends to increase, the loss on refining. C. A. M. Coneentration of Bacteria in Water. F. Dihnert and A.Guillerd. (Comptes rend., 1918, 166, 30’7-308.)-Aluminium hydroxide may be used for concentrating the bacteria contained in waters, so that the organisms are obtained in a, small hulk for subsequent culture. The aluminium hydroxide is prepared by precipitating aluminium sulphate solution with ammonia ; the hydroxide is washed with hot water and sterilised in tubes. The quantity obtained from 8 C.C. of a 10 per cent. aluminium sulphate solution is sufficient for the treatment of I litre of water. The hydroxide is well mixed with the water, allowed to settle for four or five hours, the clear solution is then siphoned off, and the deposit, or portions of it, transferred to culture media, plates, etc. w. P. s.

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300222

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC

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BACTERIOLOGICAL, PHYSIOLOGICAL, ETC. 223 ORGANIC ANALYSIS. Determination of Moisture in Coke. A. C. Fieidner and W. A. Selvig. (U.S. Bureau of Mines, Tech. Paper, No. 148; Chem. News, 1918, 117, 172-175.)- Owing to the more stable character of coke as compared with coal, much simpler methods may be employed for the estimation of moisture in the former, and, in fact,224 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS it may be sampled and tested very much in the same way as iron ores.Experiments have shown that the influence of temperature, humidity of drying atmosphere, and fineness of sample are of comparatively small importance in the case of coke, and these factors may be varied over a considerable range. Oven temperatures ranging from 105' to 200' C. produced a maximum variation in the moisture result not exceeding 0.3 per cent.Coke can be dried to constant weight in an oven without undergoing any gain in weight during the heating. The use of a current of air previously dried over svlphuric acid, as prescribed in the case of coal, is unnecessary for coke, and the results obtained with the natural circulation of air in the oven agree with those where a current of desiccated air is supplied.The only sources of error to be feared are those connected with the taking and preparation of the sample. A large sample of wet coke should be reduced to 4-mesh size, mixed and quartered. This serves as the basis of the condition of the delivery as received. The sample is dried in the air ~ b f i 30" to 35' C. to constant weight, then crushed rapidly between rolls to 10-mesh size, and sampled again t o 400 grms., which are ground in an air-tight ball mill to 60-mesh size for analysis.The results found on drying the 60-mesh sample at 105" C., corrected for the loss of moisture in air drying, serve for comparing the accuracy of simplified methods. Thus it was found that the first 4-mesh sample could be dried directly to constant weight at temperatures between 105" and 150" C.to give just as good results asby the more tedious method of air drying the coarse sample and reducing it subsequently to 60-mesh size. Further, by taking a sample of 10 pounds or more of lump coke in lumps of 1 to 2 inch size, and drying the entire sample spread on galvanised iron trays to a depth of 2 inches on a gas-heated hot-plate, or in any convenient oven or stove, at a temperature between 100" and 200" C., results of a sufficient degree of accuracy (=t 0.5 per cent.) are obtained without any elaborate procese of sampling and grinding, and without the equipment of an analytical laboratory.J, F. B. Testing Natural Gas for Gasoline. G. C. Oberfell. ( J . I d and Eng. Chenz., 1918, 10, 211-214.)-A portable apparatus is described in which a sample of gas withdrawn from the casing-head is measured off at atmospheric pressure and treated with a mineral oil of high boiling-point to absorb the gasoline, which is afterwards recovered by distillation.The results obtained with this simple type of absorber agree with those found with the four-coil type, providing a low percentage saturation of oil with gasoline be maintained. The apparatus consists of a cylindrical container of 22-gauge galvanised iron, 10 inches in diameter and 24 inches long.The ends of the container are conical and fitted with &inch valves and nipples. The volume of the container (about 1 cubic foot) is calibrated by weighing with water. Before taking the sample the top of the container is connected with the gas supply for thirty minutes, and the air is swept out by a current of gas.If the gas is heavier than air, the connection is made at the bottom end for the first fifteen minutes; but in any case connection is made at the top for the last fifteen minutes, in order to expel any oil left from previous tests. When the pure gas has been issuing for some time the valves are closed and the temperature and barometric pressure %re recorded.The bottom of the absorber is then connected with a glass pipette calibratedORGANIC ANALYSIS 225 to deliver a known volume of oil (about 850 c.c.), the rubber connecting-tube being also filled with oil before attaching. Tkie flow of oil is started by applying pressure to the top of the pipette, and continues afterwards owing to the diminishedpressure due to the absorption.If the gas is veryrich in gasoline vapour it may be necessary to admit a little air to prevent distortion of the absorption vessel. After adding the oil the absorber is agitated for twenty minutes. The oil is then withdrawn and sent to the laboratory for a distillation test. The distillation apparatus consists of a copper flask of about I litre capacity to which is attached a long metal exit tube with side-branch for distillation; the bulb of a thermometer reaches to about 2& inches below the side-branch.The condenser consists of a glass tube on which are blown three bulbs of a total capacity of 80 C.C. The quantity of oil used for the absorption is known as mineral seal oil, which should have previousIy been ascertained to yield no distillate at 176.5' C.Eight hundred 0.0. of the oil containing the absorbed gasoline are taken for distillation, which is carried on until the exit vapours show a temperature of 176.5O C. The condenser is surrounded by a bath of ice and water at 0" C. ; the distillate is collected in a graduated cylinder and measured at 15.5" C.I t is expressed in terms of gallons of gasoline per 1,000 cubic feet of gas, The quantity of gasoline distillate may be very small, and special means may be required for estimating its specific gravity. This may be done with a graduated cylinder made from 3 mm. bore capillary tubing, or with a specially constructed capillary pyknometer. Preliminary tests indicate that alcohol may be used instead of oil for absorbing the gasoline, and the separation of the latter may be made by diluting the alcohol with an equal volume of water. J.F. B. Testing and Standardisation of Motor Fuel. E. L. Lomax. ( J . Inst. Petroleum Tech., 1917, 4, 6-25; through J. Soc. Chem. Ind., 1918, 37, 116~.)-The author discusses the methods which have been proposed for determining the constituents and character of petroleum spirits, with the object of calling attention ta the need for the adoption of British standard tests and specifications for motor fuel.Specific Gravity-Owing to the varying amounts of the several classes of hydro- carbons which are present in spirits from different sources, the specific gravity is no criterion of the volatility, or, consequently, of the value as a motor fuel, of any given sample, and serves only as the basis for calculating the weight per given volume.It; would be desirabIe, however, to have a generally accepted standard temperature €or its determination. Distillation Tests-Of the two best-known methods of carrying out the distillation test, the Redwood method is shorter and less liable to personal error than the Engler method, but tends to mask the presence of low-boiling hydrocarbons, particularly when these are present in small quantities, The author has designed a special form of apparatus, of which a detailed description is given, to obtain the completeness of fractionation of the Engler method with the rate of distillation and ease of manipulation of the Redwood method.The special feature of this apparatus is a four-pear Young dephlegmator column protected from draughts, and air-lagged, by an enclosing wide glass tube. XuZphzw-The sulphur-content of petroleum spirits may be determined eiiher by burning the spirit in a, current of air end absorbing the products of combustion, or by combustion with oxygen in a226 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS calorimetric bomb.Owing, hornever, to the small weights which can be taken for test in the latter method, the accurate estimation of small percentages of sulphur becomes very difficult. The author gives EL brief description of various modifications of the air-combustion method, and describes in detail one in which the petrol is mixed with alcohol and the mixture burnt in a good current of air, the products of combustion being absorbed by a definite quantity of a standard solution of sodium carbonate, which is afterwards titrated against a standard solution of sulphuric acid, methyl orange being used as indicator.The combustion of all the petrol is assured by burning the petrol-alcohol mixture to dryness, and afterwards burning two or three successive small quantities of alcohol alone in the lamp.The method is stated to be quick and to give reliable results. Culori’c v a h e is determined in the bomb calorimeter. The pressure should be at least 25 to 30 atmospheres to insure complete combustion. The spirit may be introduced into the platinum capsule of the bomb by means of a Lunge and Rey pipette, or may be sealed in a thin glass bulb whioh collapses on charging the bomb with oxygen.OZeJiizes are usually estimated by shaking the spirit with an equal volume of strong sulphuric acid in a graduated tube, and noting the decrease in volume of the spirit ; by the bromine or iodine absorption method ; or by shaking the spirit frequently for about fifteen minutes with a standard solution of potassium permanganate acidified with sulphuric acid, and then titrating the excess of permanganate with ferrous ainnionium sulphate.All three methods are affected by secondary reactions, and give only approximate results, Aromatic hyd.iocnrbo.rzs may be determined by sulphonation and nitration methods, or by extraction at low temperatures with liquid sulphur dioxide and separation by fractional distillation.All these methods are easy of manipulation, and give fairly reliable results. T h spo?ztn?zeous ig?zitio?z tc.rnperntwe iS the lowest temperature to which a platinum crucible must bt: heated in order that when a drop of the petrol is allowed to fall into the crucible an explosion will occur. This temperature is of great interest to automobile engineers, with relation to the conipression limits, but further experiments are required before the method can be employed as a standard test.Some Limitations of the Kjeldahl Method. H. C. Brill and F. Agcaoili. (PdLi,?+pin,e J. o j Scieiuc, 1917, 12, 261-265.)-The authors find that the Kjeldahl method underestimates nitrogen in pyridine, piperidine, quinoline, isoquinoline, oxyquinoline, and pyrrole, and they express the opinion that this arises from the formation of sulphonic acid derivatives and their resistance to decomposition, The Gunning-Arnold method gives better results with pyridine when heated for a considerable time after the solution has become clear.Atten?pts to substitute sodium sulphate for potitssium sulphate in the Gunning-Arnold method were unsuccessful.G. C. J. [Dyer (ANALYST, 1895, 20, 252) found that by the Kjeldahl-Gunning-Arnold process pyridine gave N17.45 and 1748 as against 17-77 per cent. calculated.-Tfi;uITofi,] Estimation of Nitrogen Content of Rubber. M. Howie. ( J . SOC. C~Z~NZ. Ijzd., 1918, 37, 85 T.)-The nitrogen in plantation rubber is estimated sat,is- factorilg by the copper sulphate modification of the Kjeldahl process.ExperimentsORGANIC ANALYSIS 227 have been carried out to determine the length of time necessary to heat the sub- stance with sulphuric acid in order to convert all the nitrogen into ammoniurn salt. On account of the large proportions of hydrocarbons present, the mixture has to be heated for a very long time before the liquid becomes clear and colourless.After heating 1 grm. of rubber with 30 C.C. of sulphuric acid, 7 grms. of potassium sulphste, and 1 grm. of anhydrous copper sulphate for six hours, the Rolution becomes quite transparent, but not colourless. Estimations of the ammonia formed at various stages, however, showed that perfectly satisfactory results were obtained after heating for three to four hours without waiting until all the suspended carbonaceous residue had been destroyed, J.F. B. Distinguishing Manila from all other " Hard " Rope Fibres. C. E. Swett. (J. Irzd. and Eng. Chem., 1918, 10, 227.)-A reaction which serves to differentiate manila hemp from all other similar rope fibres, such as sisal, New Zealand hemp, Mauritius hemp, etc., is based on the colour developed after treatment with hypo- chlorous acid and ammonia.The fibre is rinsed with ether, and one end is then immersed for about twenty seconds in a, solution of bleaching-powder containing about 5 per cent. of available chlorine, 30 C.C. of which have been acidified with 2 C.C. of glacial acetic acid. The treated 6bre is rinsed with water, then with alcohol, and lastly treated with ammonia. Manila fibres immediately turn brown, and the other fibres of the same industrial group assume a cherry-red colour.The colour is somewhat fugitive, and when testing :z mixed strand for quantitative estimation it is better to suspend the treated strand in the vapour of ammonia. Treated in this way, the colour develops more slowly, but lasts sufliciently long to enable the different fibres to be picked out separately.5. 17. B. Optical Method of Estimating Malic and Tartaric Acids in the Same Solutions. J. J. Willaman. (J. Amcr. Chem Soc., 1918, 40, 693-704.)--A quantity of the solution estimated to contain not more than 0.6 grm. of tartaric and 0.8 grrn. of malic acid is neutralised with ammonia, treated with twice its volume of 95 per cent. alcohol, and the precipitated pectine filtered of€ on a Biichner funriel and washed with alcohol. The filtrato is gradually treated with an excess of about 10 per cent.barium acetate solution in 50 per cent. alcohol, and thcn with sufficient 95 per cent. alcohol to make 14 volumes to 1 of the 0rigiti:d soIution. The barium salts are separated, preferably by centrifuging, the prccipi tate heated with water to boiling, and 10 C.C.of 20 per cent. ammoninni sulphate solution slowly added to decompose the barium mslete and tartrate, after which the mixture i a concentrated on the water-bath to about SO c.c., treated with 6 C.C. of glacial acetic acid, made up to 100 C.C. with water, a d filtered. Two aliquot portions (95 C.C. each) of the clear filtrate are treated respectively with 10 C.C. of a 10 per cent.ammonium heptamolybdate solution and 10 C.C. of an 8 per cent. solution of urxnyl acetate, the object of these additions being to increase the optical activity of the two acids. After standing for three hour!; in the dark the solutions are examined in a 200 mm. tube at about 20' C., any green coloration due to reduced ndybdenum being first removed by the addition of a drop of bromine water.The amounts of228 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS malic and tartaric acids may be found with an accuracy of +0.003 grm. by referenee to the accompanying graph, in which the curves slanting down from left to right represent the readings for the acids ‘( activated ” by uranyl acetate and the upward curves from left to right the readings with ammonium molybdate. The point of intersection of the readings indicates on the abscissz the tartaric acid, and OD the ordinates the malic acid in grms. per 100 C.C. Citric acid is probably the only acid which interferes with the results. In the case of highly coloured liquids it is necessary to decolourise the liquid with bromine, and to ueutralise the resulting228 ABSTRACTS OF CHEMICAL PAPERS malic and tartaric acids may be found with an accuracy of +0.003 grm. by referenee to the accompanying graph, in which the curves slanting down from left to right represent the readings for the acids ‘( activated ” by uranyl acetate and the upward curves from left to right the readings with ammonium molybdate. The point of intersection of the readings indicates on the abscissz the tartaric acid, and OD the ordinates the malic acid in grms. per 100 C.C. Citric acid is probably the only acid which interferes with the results. In the case of highly coloured liquids it is necessary to decolourise the liquid with bromine, and to ueutralise the resulting

ISSN:0003-2654    

DOI:10.1039/AN9184300223

出版商:RSC    

年代:1918

数据来源: RSC