摘要:

The settlement rates of macrofouling organisms and the structure of marine fouling communities at the seawater intake and cooling water discharge of Madras Atomic Power Station, India were studied for a period of 2 years. The fouling community at the intake was composed of diverse groups of marine organisms. Of the 139 species observed at the intake, barnacles, mussels, hydroids, bryozoans, ascidians, echinoderms and sponges were major components. The fouling community at the discharge was much less diverse. Approximately 25% fewer species were observed and the fouling community was dominated by macroalgae includingEnteromorpha intestinalis. Bryozoans, hydroids, sponges and echinoderms were absent at the discharge site. Hydrobiological features were compared. The discharge site was characterised by elevated temperatures, increased suspended matter and decreased chlaand dissolved oxygen. Analysis of zooplankton samples showed increases in bivalve, barnacle, and polychaete larvae at the discharge site compared to the intake due to release from the fouling community within the power plant cooling system. Differences in the fouling communities can be attributed to physico‐chemical disturbances in the cooling waters and to conditions that favour the colonization and growth of macroalgae at the discharge site.

ISSN:0892-7014    

DOI:10.1080/08927019309386225

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Raman vibrational spectra were obtained from crystalline amino acids and acid molecules adsorbed at the surfaces of silver electrodes in aqueous solutions. Results revealed that aromatic acids such as phenylalanine adsorbedviatheir aromatic ring while bases such as alanine were coordinated by their amine functional groups. Sulphur containing acids (cysteine and cystine) were found to bond through their sulphur groups. In all cases, adsorption increased towards the point of zero charge of silver, as would be expected for uncharged species. Similar experiments carried out on α‐amylase solutions showed that the enzyme molecule changes its coordination to the silver surface as a function of electrode potential, indicating that C‐S, C‐N, and aromatic ring functional groups are all present on the outer surface of the enzyme structure.

ISSN:0892-7014    

DOI:10.1080/08927019309386226

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The paper discusses the problem of fouling and corrosion in the Service Water System of a nuclear reactor employing an open recirculating cooling system. Field and laboratory experiments were carried out using carbon steel as test material. The studies included corrosion rate measurements, corrosion product characterisation (using XRD, EDAX and IRAS), and the effects of addition of biocide (chlorine) and corrosion inhibitor (polyphosphates) on the bacterial population of the cooling water. The fouling films which developed on metal and glass coupons as well as debris collected from within the cooling system were chemically characterised. The results indicated the prevalence of microbiologically induced corrosion (MIC) within the system. The findings are discussed in the light of the information available on MIC of cooling water systems.

ISSN:0892-7014    

DOI:10.1080/08927019309386227

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

The long‐term effects of limpets on a marine biofouling community were studied. Each of six 20 cm2shipping‐steel panels was artificially colonized by 15Patella caerulealimpets transplanted from intertidal rocks. Six other panels served as controls. The panels were hung at 1 m and 5·5 m depth from a pier in an Israeli port, and fouling was allowed to occur for 8 months. During winter, when fouling recruitment was low, the limpets reduced the 84%‐90% cover of biofouling to 1 %‐3%, and barnacle density from 2·6–3·8 to 0·7–0·8 individuals·cm−2. With the commencement of the spring surge of fouling recruitment, the controlling effects of the limpets steadily declined, but they continued to check the development of the high‐mass bryozoan cover. The decline was due to a feed‐back loop; heavy settlement of barnacles brought about an initial reduction in control that resulted in increased barnacle sizes and density. This also induced accelerated mortality among limpets, bringing about a further increase in barnacle density.

ISSN:0892-7014    

DOI:10.1080/08927019309386228

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

摘要:

Sulfur isotope fractionation was demonstrated in preliminary studies of corrosion products resulting from the activities of sulfate‐reducing bacteria within biofilms on copper surfaces.32S accumulated in corrosion products,34S was concentrated in the culture medium. The accumulation of the lighter isotope was related to surface derivatization or corrosion as measured by weight loss.

ISSN:0892-7014    

DOI:10.1080/08927019309386229

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor

ISSN:0892-7014    

DOI:10.1080/08927019309386224

出版商:Taylor & Francis Group    

年代:1993

数据来源: Taylor