ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.1

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.2

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryHuman T cells exposed to high concentrations of influenza A virus cause specific suppression of thein vitroantibody response to the virus, but the phenomenon does nol require viable T cells. In order lo investigate the mechanism of this form of suppression, IL‐2‐dependent T cell clones of helper phenotype (CD4+, HLA‐DR+, 1L‐2R+) were prepared with specificity for influenza A (Mem/Bel) and B (B HK) viruses and the non‐crossreacting antigen purified protein derivative (PPD). When pulsed with high dose MemBel virus, all three clones transferred suppression equally well to effector cultures of syngeneic or allogeneic E+and E+cells stimulated with an immunogenic dose of the same virus. Thus, although suppression was specific at the level of expression, the induction phase was non‐specific and non‐major histocompatibitity complex (MHC) restricted and did not involve interaction of antigen with the T cell receptor. HLA‐DR. CD3 and CD8 determinants were excluded as the binding site for the virus by two‐colour immunofluoresceni staining and flow cytometric analysis. The concentrations of antigen required for high dose suppression inhibited antigen‐specific proliferation by the clones; on the other hand, they remained partially sensitive to lL‐2 and could still release gamma‐interferon. These findings suggest that this phenomenon is distinct from conventional antigen‐specific suppression mediated by CD8 T cells, but may play a biologically important role in regulating immune responses at least to viral antigens.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.3

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA set of specific glycoproteins, the colony‐stimulating factors, has been identified as regulating granulocyte and macrophage production and function. These colony‐stimulating factors have now been purified and mass produced by recombinant technology. These versatile regulators are capable of providing the body both with an ultrarapid and sustained system for responding to infections. The granulocytes, macrophages and eosinophils involved in these responses appear likely to be key cell populations ensuring adequate resistance to acute infections and the colony‐stimulating factors may prove to be valuable agents in the clinic for increasing resistance to life‐threatening infections particularly in immunologically compromised patients.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.4

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.5

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.6

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryTwo cloned murine cell lines. FD.C/1 and 32Dcl‐23 exhibit switching of lymphokine‐dependent growth states. The bone marrow‐derived FD.C/1 and 32Dcl‐23 cell lines are normally grown in culture medium supplemented with inierleukin 3 (IL3). The replacement of IL3 with interleukin 2 (IL2) in the medium results in an increase in IL2 receptor expression in FD.C/1 and 32Dcl‐23 cells and the switching of cells lo an IL2‐dependent growth state. We have compared patterns of protein and phosphoprotein synthesis, as well as the expression of the c‐abl, c‐ras, c‐myb, and c‐fos oncogenes in these cell lines maintained in IL3‐ and I L2‐dependent growth states. The synthesis of a series of proteins and phosphoproteins are identified with each of the lymphokine‐dependent growth states. All of the oncogenes examined are expressed in both IL2‐ and lL3‐dependent cells and are not altered by phenotypic changes in lymphokine growth dependence. The relationship of oncogene expression to intracellular pathways regulated by lymphokine‐receptor interactions is considered.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.7

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryMouse epidermal Langerhans cells (LC) were found to be capable of presenting sheep red blood cells (SRBC) to immune spleen lymphocytes, resulting in antibody production as asessed by a direct plaque cell assay. Spleen lymphocytes, prepared by removal of adherent cells, were unable to respond to SRBC in a 5‐day culture; however, when co‐cultured with either epidermal cells or splenic adherent cells, a response to SRBC occurred, as demonstrated by an increase in the number of antibody‐producing cells. The LC were shown to be the antigen‐presenting cells in these cultures, as depletion of LC via their Fc receptors abrogated the response. A similar reduction in the number of epidermal LC added to cultures likewise failed to induce antibody production. These experiments demonstrate that LC are able to present complex cellular antigens to the immune system, resulting in a B lymphocyte response.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.8

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThe presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) types 11, 16 and 18 in 77 biopsies of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (dysplasia) and carcinoma of the uterine cervix of a sample of women from Western Australia was examined using “Southern” blot hybridisation. HPV‐DNA was found in 17 of the 23 dysplasias and 43 of the 54 invasive carcinomas examined but not in the 5 biopsies obtained from areas assessed as normal by colposcopy and histology.Five of 11 biopsies of mild to moderate dysplasias contained HPV type 11 (HPV‐11), 2 HPV‐16 and 1 HPV‐18. Of 12 severe dysplasias/carcinomain situ, 2 contained HPV‐11, 4 HPV‐16 and 2 HPV‐18. One biopsy contained both HPV‐11 and HPV‐16.Of 45 squamous cell carcinomas examined for HPV‐DNA, 24 contained HPV‐16, 5 HPV‐11 and 1 HPV‐18. Both HPV‐11 and HPV‐16 were found in 6 of the squamous cell carcinomas and 2 contained both HPV‐16 and HPV‐18. Of 6 adenosquamous carcinomas examined, 3 contained HPV‐DNA, 2 with HPV‐16 and I with HPV‐11. HPV types 16 or 18 were also found in 2 of 3 adenocarcinomas.This study shows a strong association between the papillomavirus and uterine cervical cancer in a sample of women from Western Australia. HPV‐16 was more frequently associated with severe dysplasia and cancer than with mild or moderate dysplasia supporting the view that this HPV genotype may have a greater oncogenic potential than HPV‐11.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.9

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryA range of pharmacological agents with defined effects on cell metabolism was used to determine the metabolic requrements of three cell adhesion systems: aggregation of cells from the sponge,Ophlitaspongia tennis;fibronectin‐induced adhesion of fibroblasts to subsiraia and anin vitromurine thymocyic‐macrophage interaction. Cell adhesion in all three systems was found to have similar metabolic requirements, implying that the mechanism of cell adhesion has been conserved through evolution. In fact, based on analysis of F‐actin organization in throblasts, all of the pharmacological agents that inhibited cell adhesion were found to disrupt the cytoskeleion, suggesting that the cytoskeieton plays a central role in the adhesion process, presumably via redisiribution of cell surface molecules. This concept was supported by the finding that the same drugs that inhibited cell adhesion inhibited anti‐lg‐induced redistribution of surface Ig on B tymphocytes. The drug Inhibition studies also revealed that two drugs, bromophenacyl bromide (BPB) and norditiydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), that were previously believed lo be selective inhibitors of arachidonic acid synthesis and metabolism, are also potent disruptors of the cyioskeleton.

ISSN:0004-945X    

DOI:10.1038/icb.1987.10

出版商:Nature Publishing Group    

年代:1987

数据来源: WILEY