ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Studies utilizing single doses of scopolamine have suggested a role for the cholinergic system in memory. Results are consistent in identifying a selective effect on the early encoding stage of information processing. In terms of long-term administration of anticholinergics, patients with Parkinson's disease often display memory deficits. However, underlying pathology within the forebrain cholinergic system complicates the study of treatment effects in this disorder. We therefore assessed multiple memory routines in 20 cognitively intact patients with dystonia where no such pathology has been identified. Patients were tested before and after 2–4 months of 15–74 mg of trihexyphenidyl daily. Twelve tolerated this regime. Compared to control subjects, matched for age and I.Q., only tests with a single presentation of the material to be remembered were affected at follow-up. The speed of information processing was also significantly reduced. Age was strongly related to memory performance in the patient group alone and interacted with dose and duration of treatment. Results suggest that drug-induced slowing of mentation was responsible for impaired encoding, particularly in older patients. These findings affect treatment strategies, especially now that injections of botulinum toxin have proved to be highly effective for certain forms of focal dystonia.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The short-term efficacy of dihydro-α-ergocryptine (DEK), a hydrogenate ergot derivative with dopamine (DA) agonist properties was evaluated in 20 L-dopa (LD) stable responder parkinsonian patients by a 6-month double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled study. A motor improvement was found only in DEK-treated patients at mean daily doses of ∼40 mg. ranging from 15 to 60 mg. The side effects never required the withdrawal of the drug or changes in its schedule. The authors demonstrate the efficacy and the good tolerability of DEK as a new DA agonist drug that can be added to LD in the treatment of parkinsonian patients.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), plasma noradrenaline (NA), and adrenaline (A) levels in the lying and standing position were compared in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and control subjects. Three groups of PD patients (stage 2 and 3) were investigated: six patients deprived of antiparkinsonian drugs from 48 h, seven levodopa ± benserazide-treated patients, and seven bromocriptine-treated patients. BP, HR, NA, and A were similar at rest and in the standing position in controls and in PD patients deprived of antiparkinsonian drugs from 48 h. Chronic treatment with levodopa (± benserazide) failed to modify BP, HR, NA, and A. Bromocriptine decreased BP, HR, and NA (but not A) at rest. In PD patients treated with levodopa (± benserazide) or bromocriptine alone, the rise in NA (but not A) elicited by standing up was reduced. These results indicate that (a) stages 2 to 3 of Parkinson's disease are not accompanied by major changes in autonomic cardiovascular function and (b) dopaminergic drugs blunted the sympathetic response to standing up.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Migraine patients usually exhibit hypersensitivity to dopaminergic agonists, but the tests used (such as the so called “piribedil test”) preferentially assess the sensitivity of the peripheral dopaminergic receptors. Apomorphine-induced yawning may be useful in the evaluation of central dopaminergic receptor sensitivity. Nine migraine patients were included in an age- and sex-matched control study. They had been without treatment for 1 month and free of a migraine attack for at least 7 days. Apomorphine hydrochloride (5 μg/kg) was administered subcutaneously, and yawning was recorded by two observers. The cumulative number of yawns as a function of time was studied. The comparison of the regression graphs showed a significant difference between migraine patients and controls. Migraine patients exhibited enhanced responsiveness to apomorphine challenge. This finding supports the hypothesis of a constant central dopaminergic hypersensitivity.

ISSN:0362-5664    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1991

数据来源: OVID