ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12542.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12543.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Renal immaturity is pronounced in very low‐birth‐weight infants with a gestational age 30 weeks. We attempted to elucidate if conditions requiring mechanical ventilation, including patent ductus arteriosus, might further compromise renal function due to decreased renal perfusion. Forty infants studied between 4 and 28 days of age were divided into four groups: Control with no patent ductus or mechanical ventilation (n= 8); PDA + MV, with both patent ductus and mechanical ventilation (n=17); PDA, with patent ductus (n= 6); MV, with mechanical ventilation (n= 9). The groups PDA + MV and MV had significantly lower creatinine clearances and significantly higher fractional sodium excretions than controls. Mean arterial pressure was significantly lower in all groups compared to controls and correlated significantly with creatinine clearance (r = 0.47, p<0.02). In conclusion, low renal function in these infants is further compromised by a patent ductus arteriosus and/or the use of mechanical ventilat

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12544.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Exposure to bright light was recently proposed as a possible risk factor for the development of retinopathy of prematurity. A semi‐longitudinal Doppler ultrasound study was conducted of ophthalmic artery flow velocities at normal and increased ambient light in 22 preterm infants, at post‐menstrual ages from 28 to 37 weeks. The aim of this study was to obtain relationships between ophthalmic artery blood flow velocities at various post‐menstrual ages and lighting conditions and the occurrence of retinopathy of prematurity. A gradual increase in average blood flow velocities was seen between 28 and 37 weeks. A stepwise increase in flow velocity was seen in all cases when ambient light was increased from moderate to intense. Five of the 22 infants developed retinopathy. No association could be established between ophthalmic artery flow velocities or light‐induced changes in flow velocity and the occurrence of reti

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12545.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Personality and behavioural characteristics of a population‐based cohort of 29 very low‐birth‐weight (VLBW) infants were compared with those of 29 matched, term controls at eight years of age. The VLBW infants were born to families of lower socioeconomic status (p =0.04) and had a lower mean IQ (93 versus 104,p =0.008) and motor abilities (p =0.028). Based on the questionnaire personality inventory for children, the VLBW children had more learning difficulties and school coping problems, and the VLBW boys had more conduct and emotional problems than the controls. Except for conduct problems, these differences persisted after controlling for socioeconomic status. Generally, there were significant relationships between behaviour, IQ and motor abilities. In conclusion, VLBW may be a risk factor for the development of school coping and behavioural problems independent of socioeconomic status but often coexist with impaired cognitive and neuromotor fun

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12546.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In a multicentre prospective study, 124 cases of meningococcal disease were classified into the clinical categories, meningitis alone (n =15), meningitis and septicaemia (n= 79) and septicaemia alone (n =30). A further 60 children referred with other illnesses served as controls. Serial measurements of serum C‐reactive protein (admission, day 1, day 2, days 5–7) were compared. Children with septicaemia had significantly lower C‐reactive protein levels on admission than those with meningitis alone or meningitis and septicaemia which were unexplained by differences in the duration of the presenting illness or severity of the disease. Within each clinical category of meningococcal disease, significant changes in C‐reactive protein concentration occurred during the course of the disease. Four control children had other types of septic meningitis: admission C‐reactive protein concentrations did not differ from those with meningitis or meningitis and septicaemia, but were significantly higher than those with septicaemia alone. The other 56 patients had a significantly lower admission C‐reactive protein concentration compared with all cases of meningococcal disease. For the diagnosis of meningococcal disease, admission C‐reactive protein levels of 40 mg/l had a sensitivity of 79%, specificity of 80% and positive predictive value of 87%. For the prognostic prediction of death in meningococcal disease (or meningococcal disease with shock) CRP<100 mg/l on admission had a sensitivity of 69% (69%), specificity of 50% (56%) and positive predictive value of 18% (53%). In children with suspected meningococcal disease, serum C‐reactive protein, measured on admission, has diagnostic value but not prognostic value. The C‐reactive protein concentration on admission varies with the clinical category of meningococcal disease and t

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12547.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Zinc has been shown to be involved in many functions of the immune system. This study was conducted to examine the effect of zinc supplementation on phagocytic, fungicidal and metabolic activity of blood monocytes of marasmic infants during nutritional rehabilitation. A controlled, double‐blind design was used in which 19 infants fed a zinc‐fortified formula were compared with 20 infants fed the same, unfortified formula. Evaluation of phagocytic‐fungicidal capacity, growth, zinc, copper and iron status was performed in both groups on admission and after 60 and 105 days of nutritional rehabilitation. Although energy, copper and iron intakes were similar in the two groups, a decrease in the number of infants able to phagocytose one or moreCandidabuds was observed after 60 days of zinc supplementation compared to admission (p<0.03). No change in phagocytic ability was detected between admission and 60 days in the control group. The number of infants with depressed fungicidal activity increased significantly after 105 days of nutritional rehabilitation in the zinc‐fortified group as compared to controls (p<0.04). The number and duration of impetigo episodes was significantly greater in the group fed the zinc‐fortified formula. These results suggest that zinc supplements at the RDA level may impair monocyte

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12548.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

We investigated the production of immunoglobulin (Ig) in six patients with common variable immunodeficiency and analyzed the courses of their levels of serum Ig for a period of 8–13 years. In all patients, levels of serum IgM, IgG and IgA were markedly low at the first examination, except for the IgM level in one patient. Improvement of serum Ig levels was observed in the patients in whom Ig production of non‐T cells at the first examination and Cμ gene expression had been detected to a slight degree, but serum Ig levels remained low in the patients in whom Ig production of non‐T cells and Cμ gene expression had not been detected. Our results suggest that some hypogammaglobulinemia in common variable immunodeficiency develops or improves w

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12549.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Hereditary properdin deficiency is a rare genetic disorder of the complement system. Three propositi and six additional family members with properdin deficiency have been found following analysis of the hemolytic activity of the classical (CH50) and the alternative (AP50) complement pathways in the sera of 101 survivors of meningococcal infections and 59 survivors of severe pneumococcal andHaemophilus influenzainfections. All the properdin‐deficient individuals had undetectable levels of properdin by radial immunodiffusion and by Western blotting. They belonged to three non‐related families of Tunisian Jews who came from different parts of Tunisia. Two patients had a meningococcal infection at 15 and 16 years of age, respectively, and one hadHaemophilus influenzameningitis at 1.5 years of age. In contrast to the fulminant and fatal course of meningococcal infection which was previously described in some properdin‐deficient patients, our patients had a relatively mild disease. Properdin deficiency may not be as rare as previously thought. Analysis of AP50, in addition to CH50, in sera of patients who had meningococcal infection, will probably disclose many more cases of hereditary properdin deficiency. In addition, our findings indicate that, as in other complement abnormalities, hereditary properdin deficiency may also be associated with the ethnic origin of the pa

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb12550.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0803-5253    

DOI:10.1111/j.1651-2227.1993.tb17613.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1993

数据来源: WILEY