摘要:

Achieving successful community change is a complex and daunting task. Indeed there is substantial concern today that American communities may be less capable in dealing with challenges than in many times during the past. The article reviews the community from a systems perspective and identifies the major properties that must be identified before any community intervention. This includes the initiation of both internal and external change. It concludes with a checklist of items that must be addressed to bring community change and a call for increasing community efficacy to deal with challenges.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Community-based education and service learning are becoming increasingly common in health and human services education. As students enter the community, several ethical dilemmas arise regarding the university's interaction with the community. This article explores clinical, agency, and community placements in terms of the relationships they engender between the university and the community. The article then outlines some ethical obligations of universities and faculty members and ethical dilemmas that arise in different placements. Finally, a fundamental ethical framework that may guide universities and faculty members in planning community-based educational experiences is proposed.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article discusses selected ethical issues involved with the outcomes of interventions. An intervention is a process of intrusion into value systems based on a relationship of mutual trust and shared expectations between the intervener and the participant. Too often, interveners focus on the outcome without considering the mediating variables that can influence the outcome; therefore, intervention outcomes may fail or be short-lived. Many ethical issues with respect to how interventions are designed and implemented can affect their success or failure.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Through thematic stories of patient and provider interactions on the U.S.-Mexico border, this article challenges the commonly understood definition of culture. It explores areas of concern related to cultural competency and medical ethics. Stories outline issues related to communication and comprehension, use of interpreters, gender and sexual orientation, traditional health care practices, socioeconomic status, age, health care settings, and involvement of community representatives. Policy recommendations address language, continuity of care, and health care professions education.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

In community health education for behavioral change, valid assessment of stage of change is critical; in health promotion screening for cancer, health insurance coverage is also critical because some communities do not have the freedom to choose to change or to get their cancer treated. Proceeding without valid assessment of stage of change or insurance coverage can cause us harm. Harm comes to the patients when providers label them negatively or cause them anxiety if they cannot afford diagnosis and treatment beyond the screening. Not doing harm, (nonmaleficence) is our most compelling ethics principle. The authors analyze these two issues through the principles of autonomy, justice, and nonmaleficence in both their practice and that of their student with US–Mexico border communities and give recommendations.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Intervention studies are essential in the drive to reduce the burden of cancer in the United States. The means to accomplish primary and secondary cancer prevention is possible through health education focused on smoking, dietary changes, and the judicious application of screening technologies. The goal is to demonstrate these can work in the “real world” of the community workplace. The challenge of designing and conducting effective studies must include practical solutions to ethical as well as methodological issues.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

This article describes a research project aimed at delivering an intervention to bereaved family members living in the community. The issues covered are access to subjects, recruitment and retention of subjects, and random assignment to control and experimental groups.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:2001

数据来源: OVID