摘要:

Considerable research has been conducted on the pathologic consequences of chronicity, while little attention has been paid to the impact of chronicity on the individual's everyday life experiences. Technologic influences on chronicity have resulted in increasing longevity, with resulting decreases in mortality and morbidity. As mortality and morbidity in chronicity have decreased, an emphasis has emerged on health promotion and maintenance for the chronically ill. Today, with improvements in treatment (eg, improved medical and surgical technologies), individuals with severe chronic conditions are living longer, and care is now focusing not only on secondary and tertiary levels of prevention, but also on primary levels of prevention. Thus, while American society has geared itself to an almost unlimited support of research and development in increasing medical technology, there has been a significant lag in understanding the functional consequences of chronicity. This article describes chronicity in everyday life experiences over the life span, from childhood to adulthood to older adulthood. This review provides a base for community health practitioners and researchers to develop individualized interventions sensitive to life course variables for the chronically ill and their families.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Having a preterm Iow-birthweight infant influences a family's finances, social isolation, distress, and mastery (the four dimensions of the Impact on Family Scale). This longitudinal study examined health (acute care visits, rehospitalizations, immunizations, well-child visits, and developmental outcomes) and family (Impact on Family Scale) outcomes of 224 preterm Iow-birthweight infants for the first six months following infant hospital discharge. The impact on the family of having a preterm Iow-birthweight infant decreased over time. Families whose infants were rehospitalized reported that having a preterm Iowbirthweight infant had a greater impact on their family than did families whose infants were not rehospitalized. Families whose infants had more well-child visits also reported that having a preterm Iow-birthweight infant had more impact on their families than did families who took their infants for fewer well-child visits. Infant health outcomes were reflective of other published norms; however, there was a high number of infants who were not adequately immunized.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

More than 7.5 million children and adolescents experience a chronic illness between birth and 18 years of age. Because of technologic advances, increasing numbers of adolescents are living and growing up chronically ill. As a result, the attention of health care professionals has shifted to supporting these adolescents in coping with the day-to-day realities of growing and developing within the context of a life characterized by the demands of chronic illness and its treatment. The challenge, then, is to gain insight into how development occurs within the chronic illness context and in so doing to explicate coping approaches that facilitate enhanced quality of life for chronically ill adolescents. This article focuses on the life-span period of adolescence, which encompasses the period beginning at 11 or 12 and ending around 19 to 21 years of age. The life-span developmental perspective is identified as a particularly useful theoretic approach for viewing this period in the life cycle. This article includes a general overview of the life-span developmental perspective, application of the life-span perspective to adolescent development, application of the perspective to adolescents growing up chronically ill, and discussion of the research and practice implications inherent in viewing chronically ill adolescents from a life-span developmental perspective.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

Maternal developmental disability is associated with child abuse and neglect, inadequate home environments, and intergenerational disability, yet family practice rarely accommodates the challenges and special needs of these women. The path of family dysfunction contributing most to these untoward outcomes is maternal-child interaction. Forty women with developmental disabilities were randomly assigned to two groups, one receiving conventional family supports and the other a developmental^ appropriate family intervention. The family intervention, called STARS, focused on improving maternal competencies, particularly in the area of maternal-child interaction. At the end of 1 year, mothers who participated in the family intervention demonstrated significant improvement in maternal-child interaction.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

The personal and financial toll exacted by recovery from myocardial infarction (Ml) once women are released from the hospital has not been systematically studied. Life-span development influences on women's adaptation to heart disease are used as a theoretical framework to explore the adaptation process. A convenience sample of African-American and white women (n=41) was recruited before hospital discharge and followed by telephone and mail for 6 weeks. The influence of normative agegraded factors such as widowhood and the existence of comorbidities demonstrates the importance of considering the developmental context as it relates to chronicity. History-graded determinants were apparent in the previous lack of health promotion and health maintenance activities enacted by these women. The Duke Activity Status Index revealed a slower recovery trajectory in terms of return to physical activities than is generally seen in men. Their self-reported social support needs were also higher than are expressed by men, although the most important needs were met for most of the participants. Implications for health care professionals include awareness of different clinical presentation patterns of women with MI, encouragement related to physical, social, and sexual activity levels post-MI, and emphasis on health-restorative and health-promoting activities such as cessation of cigarette smoking.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

An ethnography of an Israeli nursing ward is used to conceptualize four basic dilemmas that constitute the life world of residents: (1) new modes of somatic attention developed in the face of bodily decrepitude, (2) maintenance of social relations from a dependent position, (3) reconstruction of self-images in the context of identity fragmentation, and (4) redefining of subjective temporality within a cyclical ward routine. This article discusses how the combined workings of chronic illness, aging, and institutionalization are expressed in and molded through the practical solutions found to these dilemmas.

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0160-6379    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1995

数据来源: OVID