ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.1

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL

ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.3

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

Primary esophageal lymphomas are extremely rare. We report a primary esophageal T cell lymphoma of the diffuse large cell type in a patient with AIDS and review other published data. Although rare, the diagnosis should be considered in patients with dysphagia, weight loss (with or without hematemesis), and endoscopie findings of masses, polyps, or ulcerations that are especially unresponsive to antifungal therapy or antiviral therapy or both. Repeat endoscopy with biopsy may be needed to establish the diagnosis properly.

ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.5

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV share the same parenteral routes of transmission. This common epidemiology explains the high frequency of combined infections by HCV and HIV. The aim of this review is to clarify some important issues dealing with the reciprocal impact of HIV and HCV-associated infections, including the variations in clinical, biologic, histopathologic, and virologic natural history of both infections. Insights gained may improve clinical care of and the therapeutic approach to HCV infection in HIV-coinfected subjects.

ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.11

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

A number of clinical and laboratory features of HIV infection are found in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The objective of this study was to analyze the presence of circulating antibodies to small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNP) in both diseases. Sera from 44 HIV-infected children, from 22 patients with childhood-onset SLE, and from 50 healthy children were studied. Anti-snRNP antibodies were detected by ELISA using recombinant and affinity-purified nuclear antigens, by counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE), and by immunoblotting using extractable nuclear antigens. Results included the detection of anti-snRNP antibodies by ELISA in 30 HIV-infected patients (68.1%) and 19 SLE patients (86.3%). These antibodies were directed against Ul-RNP (61.3% and 77.2%, respectively), Sm (29.5% and 54.5%, respectively), 60 kDa Ro/SS-A (47.7% and 50%, respectively), and La/SS-B proteins (18.1% and 9%, respectively). None of the HIV-infected children and 11 SLE patients (50%) showed anti-snRNP antibodies by CIE. None of the HIV-infected patients showed anti-70 kDa U1-RNP or anti-D-Sm antibodies by immunoblotting. No differences between the two groups were noted on the presence of nonprecipitating anti-snRNP antibodies. No such reactivities were observed among the normal sera tested. The authors concluded that nonprecipitating anti-snRNP antibodies in HIV-infected children are as frequent as in childhood-onset SLE. The significance of these antibodies is not clear at present. Although polyreactive and low-affinity antibodies and a mechanism of molecular mimicry may explain these results, a specific stimulation of B cells by nuclear antigens could not be excluded.

ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.21

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

The new nucleic acid amplification techniques (e.g., LCR and PCR) have allowed the introduction of non- and minimally-invasive techniques for the detection of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). In this article, we describe one of these—self-administrated tampon method—which we have used to detect the presence ofChlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and human papillomavirus in wo

ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.29

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

This article describes a qualitative study that explores the psychosocial changes and care delivery issues experienced by men with AIDS who were facing end-stage disease but then had dramatic physical improvement as a result of protease inhibitor therapy. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 men with HIV/AIDS drawn from a community-based AIDS service organization in a large metropolitan area in the Southeast. Using Collaizi's model of content analysis, three broad categories, protease inhibitors as a reprieve, changed roles and relationships, and need for advocacy and support, emerged from the data. From the three broad categories, seven more specific themes were identified: guarded optimism, buying time, change in relationships, work versus disability, access to medications, access to HIV/AIDS competent health care, and focused support services. Collectively, the phenomenon resulting from these men's experiences and concerns can be described as efforts to restructure life to face a future they did not expect. These findings support the need for developing formal, structured interventions to help persons living with AIDS (PLWA) to restructure their lives as new antiretroviral therapies promote improvements in health.

ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.33

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

The development of effective behavioral interventions is critical to controlling the HIV epidemic. Although heterosexual transmission accounts for a growing proportion of new infections in the United States, little is known about factors that influence sexual behavior in HIV-discordant heterosexual couples. The objective of this study was to examine the reproductive behaviors of HIV-discordant heterosexual couples. Data were obtained on 71 discordant couples enrolled in a study of HIV heterosexual transmission. Results showed that women in such couples have pregnancy rates similar to those of women of reproductive age in the general population. One seroconversion occurred as a result of pregnancy attempt. These results suggest the need for educational efforts directed at HIV-discordant heterosexual couples.

ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.43

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL

摘要:

The purpose of this study was to compare AIDS knowledge and attitudes of baccalaureate nursing students living in a state with a high prevalence of AIDS and those who resided in a state with a low prevalence of AIDS. Students from the high-prevalence state had significantly higher AIDS knowledge scores than did students from the low-prevalence state. However, overall, respondents from the low-prevalence state viewed the person living with AIDS with more accepting attitudes than did the respondents from the high-prevalence state. Students in the high-prevalence state interacted with persons living with AIDS (PLWA) primarily through professional contact. In contrast, students in the low-prevalence state identified both personal and professional contact with PLWA as their most significant interactions. Personal experience of nursing students appears to be a key to decreasing stigmatization of PLWA.

ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.51

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL

ISSN:1087-2914    

DOI:10.1089/apc.1998.12.61

年代:1998

数据来源: MAL