摘要:

The transatlantic telephone cable system was designed as a connecting link between continent-wide communication networks on the two sides of the Atlantic. The technical planning of the system and the objectives set up so that this role would be fulfilled are the principal subjects of this paper. Typical performance characteristics illustrate the high degree with which the objectives have been realized. Optimum application of the experience of the British Post Office with rigid repeaters and the Bell System with flexible repeaters, together with close co-operation among the administrations, has played a large part in achieving the objectives.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0002

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET

摘要:

Specific aspects of the transatlantic cable system are covered in companion papers. The purpose here is to examine the design and performance of the North Atlantic link, including consideration of factors governing the choice of features, a description of the operational design of the facility, and an outline of measures available for future application in the event that faults or ageing require corrective action.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0003

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET

摘要:

Some of the considerations governing the electrical and mechanical design of flexible repeaters and their component apparatus are discussed in the paper. This discussion includes a description of the feedback amplifier and the sea-pressure-resisting container that surrounds it. Examples are given of some of the extraordinary measures taken to ensure continuous performance in service.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0004

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET

摘要:

Production of submarine telephone cable repeaters, designed to have a minimum trouble-free life of 20 years, required many new and refined manufacturing procedures. Care in the selection and training of personnel, manufacturing environment, inspection and testing were of great importance in the successful attainment of the ultimate objective. Quality of product is always important in communication systems, but the building of electronic equipment for use at the bottom of the ocean, where maintenance is impossible and replacement of apparatus is extremely expensive, required unusual manufacturing methods.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0005

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET

摘要:

Precise regulation of the direct current which provides power for the undersea repeaters in the new transatlantic telephone cable is necessary to maintain proper transmission levels and to assure maximum repeater valve life. The highest possible degree of protection is needed against excessive currents and voltages under a wide variety of possible fault conditions. Furthermore, to minimize the dielectric stresses, a double-ended series-aiding power feed must be used and the balance of these applied voltages must be maintained in spite of substantial earth potentials. The paper describes the design features which were employed to attain these objectives simultaneously, while eliminating, for all practical purposes, any possibility of even a brief system outage due to power failure.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0006

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET

摘要:

Thermionic valves for use in repeatered underwater telephone cable systems must be capable of operating for many years with a reasonable probability of proper functioning. In the new transatlantic telephone cable system, the section between Nova Scotia and Newfoundland contains repeaters developed by the British Post Office Research Station and built around the type 6P12 valve developed there. The repeaters contained in the section between Newfoundland and Scotland are of Bell System design and depend on the 175HQ valve developed at Bell Telephone Laboratories.In the paper the philosophy of repeater and thermionic valve design is discussed, and the fundamental reasons for arriving at quite different valve designs are pointed out. Some of the valve development problems and the features introduced to eliminate potential difficulties are described. Electrical characteristics for the two types are presented and life-test data are given. Fabrication and selection problems are outlined and reliability prospects are discussed.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0007

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The transatlantic cable project required that two repeatered cables be laid in the deep water crossing between Newfoundland and Scotland, and one across the shallower waters of Cabot Strait. The same structure was adopted for the cables laid in the two locations.The paper discusses the considerations leading to the design of the cable and describes the method of manufacture, the means and equipment for control of cable quality, the process and final inspection procedures, the electrical characteristics of the cable and factors relating to mechanical and electrical reliability of the final product.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0008

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The design and engineering of the section of the transatlantic cable system between Newfoundland and Nova Scotia was the responsibility of the British Post Office. The transmission objectives for this link having been agreed in relation to the overall objectives, the paper shows how these were translated into system and equipment design and demonstrates how, in the event, the objectives were realized.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0009

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The Newfoundland-Nova Scotia link required the provision of 16 submerged repeaters each transmitting 60 circuits in the bands 20–260kc/s from Nova Scotia to Newfoundland and 312–552kc/s in the opposite direction. The paper deals with the design and production of these repeaters. Each repeater has a gain of 60 dB at 552 kc/s and the amplifier consists of two forward amplifying paths with a common feedback network. Reliability is of paramount importance, and production was carried out in an air-conditioned building with meticulous attention to cleanliness and to very rigid manufacturing and testing specifications. The electrical unit is contained in a rigid pressure housing 9ft long and 10in in diameter with the sea cables connected to an armour clamp and a cable gland at each end. A submerged equalizer was provided near the middle of the sea crossing.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0010

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET

摘要:

Design engineers now have available the results of many years of operating experience of submerged-repeater systems supplied from electronic, electromagnetic and rotary-machine power equipments. To meet the very high standards of reliability required for the transatlantic telephone system, a scheme has been evolved that is a combination of new developments and the best features of previous methods. Electronic-electromagnetic equipment forms the basis of an automatic no-break system requiring very little routine maintenance.

DOI:10.1049/pi-b-1.1957.0011

出版商:IEE    

年代:1957

数据来源: IET