摘要:

SummaryThis study reviews the relationship between the health and behaviour of 870 preschool children reviewed over a 5‐year period. Detailed information was collected at regular intervals on rates of upper and lower respiratory tract infections, ear infections, and other illnesses. The children were examined, and their behaviour was assessed using questionnaires. In addition, the mothers of the children were interviewed, and assessment was made of levels of maternal stress. Relationships are demonstrated between episodes of illness and different behaviour problems. Night waking, poor appetite, temper tantrums, difficulty in management, and the doctor's and mother's overall assessment of behaviour were all found to be correlated with recurrent minor illnesses. Relationships were also found between maternal stress and some of the behaviour variables. Attention is drawn to the well known association of stress with physical illness, and the importance of this relationship in the management of both infections and behaviour problems in the young child is discusse

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00162.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummarySix videotapes covering 1406 administrations of items from the Griffiths Scales of Mental Development were made, and each one was shown to a different panel of 9 or 10 observers. Each person independently scored the items and made comments on administration and scoring. Reasons for disagreements among scorers were considered in terms of these comments and the characteristics of individuals and groups participating. Disagreement was particularly high for items from the Baby Scales. This was at least partly due to use of mothers' reports. Mothers' reports were found to present a particular problem when elicited on occasions for which they are not recommended by the manual. Across all ages disagreement was related to difficulties with both administrative and scoring criteria. The present study was designed to be sensitive to a range of sources of unreliability and the findings may have relevance for other infant assessment procedures.

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00163.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryThis research was focused firstly on the characteristics of 24 physically disabled pupils attending ordinary primary schools, and secondly on the views of their parents concerning external support services and educational provision. There was evidence that the pupils had received a considerable amount of professional attention. However, parents appeared to be disappointed by the quality of service on offer from professional agencies outside the school. By contrast, they expressed strong satisfaction with the response of teachers to the needs of their children.

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00164.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryFour infants with Down's syndrome (aged 19–33 months) were presented with a restructured version of an object‐permanence task. Restructuring consisted of the embedding of single trials of the task within a sequence of simpler, related steps. Following failure on a standard presentation of the task, three Down's syndrome (DS) infants demonstrated success on trials embedded in the training sequence. Comparison was made with the performance of normal infants (aged 14–19 months) matched in terms of failure on the pre‐test. Only two out of nine normal infants registered success on the embedded trials. Results are discussed in terms of the differences between the DS infant and the normal infant, and the former's reliance on the deliberate structuring of his learning environment by a parent or e

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00165.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

SummaryIn this paper an attempt is made to analyse the incompatibilities between the professional and the layman's ideology in terms of models of illness and their treatment. From an interview with paediatricians at the Ile‐Ife Teaching Hospitals Complex in Nigeria, we found out that the conflicting encounters experienced could be divided into 2 groups: opposition as a result of religious ideology, held especially from the Jehovah's Witnesses Sect; and opposition as a result of some child‐rearing practices that were being strictly upheld by the mothers of the patientsFrom the cases cited, we noted that the adherence to some religious ideology was so strong that some patients were willing to withdraw from hospital treatment when it conflicted with a tenet of their religion. Of particular relevance here, was the fact that a religious leader of this sect agreed to a transfusion after he had been assured of secrecy. In this particular case, it was obvious that he feared ‘losing face’ among his followers. We felt that a more flexible relationship between the doctor and patient would reduce the tension; hence a case was made for a transcultural perspective based on an adequate knowledge of behavioural s

ISSN:0305-1862    

DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2214.1984.tb00166.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY