ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryPhysostigmine has been reported to improve the memory function of some patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD). However, the drug has a short half-life and a narrow therapeutic window. To overcome these impediments, we developed a continuous transdermal delivery system and tested it for 2 weeks in 12 AD inpatients, using a single-blind design. No major adverse effects were recorded in any of the patients. Physostigmine plasma concentrations were relatively stable (0.56 ± 0.10 ng/ml) and correlated well with blood acetylcholinesterase inhibition. Six of the 12 patients reported improved vigilance and concentration, and also had higher scores in all four neuropsychological tests employed (Mini Mental State examination, Short Mental Test [SMT], Wechsler's Memory Scale [WMS], and Buschke's Selective Reminding Test). The performance of two additional patients improved in only two tests (SMT and WMS). Transdermal delivery of physostigmine appears to be safe and may be useful for the treatment of a subset of AD patients.

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryEpidemiologic necropsy provides an accurate measure of the occurrence rates of diseases. To determine the occurrence of cancer in Alzheimer patients as well as in non-Alzheimer elderly controls, we examined autopsy reports of 575 control and 71 Alzheimer cases aged 50–100 years for histologic evidence of cancer. We compared expected rates of cancers calculated from the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) Program data to rates observed at autopsy using a chi-squared test. To determine whether there was an association between the occurrence of cancer and Alzheimer disease, we compared rates for all cancer and three specific cancers in Alzheimer and control patients using an odds ratio test. We found from fourfold to 98-fold more cancer in Alzheimer patients and controls than that expected from SEER data. There was no statistical difference in the autopsy incidence of total, lung, or prostate cancer between Alzheimer patients and controls. However, the occurrence of pancreatic cancer was 6.7-fold higher in Alzheimer patients than in control subjects. Controlling for multiple comparisons, the odds ratio for pancreatic cancer in Alzheimer's disease was significantly higher than in controls (p < 0.001). Our results indicate that cancer occurs more frequently than expected in both Alzheimer patients and control subjects. In addition, there may be an association between the occurrence of certain cancers and Alzheimer's disease.

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryCentral nervous system IgG synthesis rates were determined for 51 patients with autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer disease and 23 age-matched controls. Rates were no different between patients and controls when overall groups were compared. Age-at-dementia-onset data were available on 37 patients. Comparisons of 11 early-onset (< 65 years of age) patients with 26 late-onset patients revealed significantly increased intrathecal IgG synthesis rates for the late-onset group. These results suggest that IgG synthesis may be a contributing pathogenic factor in a subgroup of patients with late-onset Alzheimer disease.

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

摘要:

SummaryComplete pairs of olfactory bulbs of six Alzheimer disease (AD) patients and of six age-and sex-matched controls were morphologically investigated using a random systematic sampling procedure. The total number of cells and the number of mitral cells were the same for controls and patients, but the volume of the bulb and the number of neurons in the anterior olfactory nucleus (AON) were decreased in AD patients. The loss of AON neurons was limited to the younger AD patients and was very severe (75%). Neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) and senile plaques (SP) were found in controls, but they were more frequent in AD, especially in the younger cases. A new finding was the occurrence of very large numbers of so-called diffuse or “very primitive plaques” with the methenamine-silver stain (MS-SP). NFT and SP were limited to the AON but MS-SP also occurred in other parts of the bulb. The data are discussed in relation to olfaction, and it was concluded that odor identification is processed in central rather than in peripheral olfactory structures.

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID

ISSN:0893-0341    

出版商:OVID    

年代:1994

数据来源: OVID