摘要:

AbstractThe possible role of placental pathology in teratogenesis has not been fully understood. Since cyclophosphamide is a proven teratogen, it was decided to investigate its effect on placental histology. A single dose of cyclophosphamide (20 mg/kg) administered to pregnant rats on day 12 of gestation resulted in various malformations and stunting of fetuses at term. The placentae were significantly (P<0.001) lighter and their margins contained a patch of necrotic substance. The decidua basalis showed dilatation of blood spaces, hemorrhage and infarction. Giant cells were numerous and the glycogen cells sparce in the basal zone. Vast areas of infarction and necrosis were also evident here. The labyrinths were shorter and often hyalinised. In two cases cysts of considerable size occupied the centre of the labyrinthine zone. The necrotic patch was found to be fibrinoid in nature with and without the association of large giant cells and lymphocytes.

ISSN:0914-3505    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-4520.1984.tb00001.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractDirect embryotoxic effects of ethanol (EtOH) and acetaldehyde (AcH) on mouse embryos during early organogenesis were studied using the whole embryo culture method. Mouse embryos (Jcl‐ICR) were cultured for 48 hours from day 8&1/2 to 10&1/2 (embryonic age; plug day = day 1) with EtOH‐ or AcH‐supplemented medium. Final concentrations of EtOH ranged from 5 mM to 1 M, whereas those of AcH ranged from 0.4 μM to 400 mM. Exposure to EtOH at 500 mM or more caused early death. Growth and development in EtOH‐exposed embryos were retarded as indicated by the dose‐dependent decrease measured by several embryonic growth parameters. The most common EtOH‐induced anomaly was exencephaly and it was observed remarkably in the 66 mM or more exposed group. Exposure to AcH at 40 μM or more caused early death. Growth and development in AcH‐treated embryos were retarded as a function of dosage. The most common AcH‐induced anomaly was the deformation complex of the neural tube such as transparent and prominent rhombencephalon and remarkable shortening of the posterior part of the body, with or without cyst formation. This deformation complex was observed remarkably in the 0.8 μM or more exposed group. It can be said by these results that AcH is approximately 10000 times more embryotoxic than EtOH in the early organogenetic period and both EtOH and AcH disturb the normal closure of the neural tube, but each compound affects the closure process in a different way and/or d

ISSN:0914-3505    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-4520.1984.tb00002.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThis study was undertaken to investigate the morphological relationship between jaw malformations and developmental disorders of tooth germs in mouse fetuses following maternal hypervitaminosis A.Pregnant Slc‐ICR mice were treated with a single ip injection of 20000IU vitamin A on day 8, 9 or 10 of pregnancy (VP=0). On days 14–18, they were sacrificed, and the fetuses were examined for jaw and tooth germ anomalies with bone‐stained specimens and histological sections.In the group treated on day 8, mandibles were involved with severe reductional deformities. In the fetuses with defect of the rear portion of the mandibular corpus and ramus, a pair of incisor‐like heterotopic tooth germs were observed behind the incisors. These abnormal tooth germs had osteodentine in their pulps, and no cusp was formed. No tooth germ with molar structure was detected. In the fetuses with less severely deformed jaws, hypoplasia and disarrangement of molars were characteristic. Significant changes on days 14–15 were irregular and excessive epithelial invaginations from the molar dental laminae.The tooth anomalies induced by maternal hypervitaminosis A such as incisor‐like heterotopic tooth germs and hypoplastic and disarranged molar germs may have resulted from spatial derangement of odontogenic mesenchyme due to a deficit of the embryonic facial

ISSN:0914-3505    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-4520.1984.tb00003.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractWe surveyed urogenital anomalies in 119 patients with autosomal aberrations except Down syndrome. Fifty‐three patients had urogenital anomalies. Horse‐shoe kidney occurred in a high frequency in 18 trisomy patients.Urogenital survey should be recommended to all patients with autosomal anomal

ISSN:0914-3505    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-4520.1984.tb00004.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractBis(dichloroacetyl)diamine is capable of producing characteristic congenital malformations in high incidence. Wistar rats were given 200 mg/day of bis‐diamine via a gastric tube on gestation days 9, 10 and 11. The fetuses of 14, 16, 18, 20 days and new born rats were examined using light and electron microscopes as well as rat T‐cell surface markers. The thymus rudiment in rats treated with bis‐diamine has been compared to the normal at each stages.A high incidence of aplasia or hypoplasia of the thymus was observed in treated groups. Histological studies of those revealed a short delay in appearance of lymphocytic cells in the thymus, which initially were blast like and later small lymphocytes, and also a delay in cortical and medullary differentiation of the thymus. Immunohistological studies using anti rat T‐cell monoclonal antibodies confirmed the histological findings which show a delay of the development of the thymus.Bis‐diamine induced anomalies were similar to those of the human primary immunodeficiency syndrome, particularly the DiGeorge

ISSN:0914-3505    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-4520.1984.tb00005.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe implausibility of random sampling assumption in experimental teratology is pointed out. It is emphasized that nonstatistical inference remains a standard scientific approach, in spite of widespread use of many statistical tests. The randomization test can be introduced to experimental teratologjsts as an alternative to conventional statistical procedures for nonrandom sampling data. A program list for the randomization test written in BASIC for microcompter is given.

ISSN:0914-3505    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-4520.1984.tb00006.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0914-3505    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-4520.1984.tb00007.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY

ISSN:0914-3505    

DOI:10.1111/j.1741-4520.1984.tb00008.x

出版商:Blackwell Publishing Ltd    

年代:1984

数据来源: WILEY