ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100501

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractConcern for occupational health problems in Israel became manifest in the 1930s with the establishment by Histadrut of a Division of Industrial Medicine. Public awareness of the health problems associated with the use of asbestos gradually increased in the 1970s. The history of the development of current programs is presented.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100502

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractAll members of a large union were invited to participate in a study of potentially adverse effects of asbestos exposure. Clinical findings among 1,117 workers (90% of those eligible for examination) are presented in this study. Cough was much less common among those without a history of cigarette smoking, although duration from onset of employment did not appreciably affect the prevalence of cough among the smokers. Rhonchi present among nonsmokers were limited in extent, but were marked and diffuse among cigarette smokers. Although dyspnea was as prevalent among nonsmokers as in smokers forty years and more after onset of exposure, it was relatively uncommon and found only among smokers when examined shortly after onset of exposure. Cigarette smoking had less influence on the prevalence of rǎles among asbestos workers; both smokers and nonsmokers showed this finding when examined 30 years and more after onset of asbestos exposure. Analysis of powerhouse work experience and mask use as possible confounders indicated no difference in prevalence of these characteristics between the smokers and nonsmokers

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100503

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA cohort of 1,117 asbestos insulation workers was established in 1963 and has been prospectively followed since then. Chest X‐ray abnormalities detected at the initial medical examination, and interpreted according to the International Labour Office Classification of Radiographs of Pneumoconioses are reported in this paper. The prevalence of all radiographic abnormalities (pleural and pulmonary) increased with duration from onset of asbestos exposure. A positive smoking history was associated with a significantly higher prevalence of small irregular opacities indicating interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Such an association was not found for pleural fibrosis. The possible mechanisms which underlie the effect of smoking on asbestos‐induced interstitial fibrosis seem to be of much less importance in the development of pleural fibrosis. Progression of radiographic changes over the 20‐year interval 1963–1983 will be separately reported as will the predictive significance of these

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100504

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA pilot screening program for the evaluation of former asbestos‐cement workers was carried out in the Chest Disease Clinic of the Acco Public Health Office (Ministry of Health), Israel. A total of 184 subjects were evaluated using medical and occupational questionnaires, clinical examinations, and pulmonary function tests (forced expiratory volume, forced vital capacity). Thirty percent of individuals with more than 1 year of work experience had symptoms of breathlessness or cough. Individuals with 10 years or more of work experience showed a high prevalence of rǎles and reduced pulmonary function, as compared to those with shorter work histories. These findings indicate the urgent need for active follow‐up of Israeli ex‐asbestos workers. A proposed screening and surveillance program for this high‐risk group is discussed with emphasis on follow‐up, health education, and smoking

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100505

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractA cohort of 820 men in a Paterson, New Jersey, amosite asbestos factory which began work during 1941–1945 was observed from 5 to 40 years after start of work. Most of the cohort had limited duration of work experience (days, weeks, months), though some men worked for several years until the factory closed in 1954.With white males of New Jersey as the control population, Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMRs) of 500 are evident for the cohort for lung cancer and for noninfectious pulmonary diseases (including asbestosis), while being almost 300 for total cancer and about 170 for all causes of death. A statistically significant SMR of almost 200 is seen for colon‐rectum cancer. Mesothelioma incidence initially shows a strong relationship with advancing time since onset of exposure and then tails off.The main concern of the study is with dose‐response patterns. Response is measured by the mortality for relevant causes of death, while the direct asbestos dosage was measured in two ways. One way was the length of time worked in the factory and the other was the individual's accumulated fiber exposure, calculated by multiplying the aforementioned length of time worked by the estimated fiber exposures associated with the particular job that the worker had in the factory. Whichever measure of dosage is used, it was found that, in general, the lower the dose, the longer it took for adverse mortality to become evident and, also, the smaller the magnitude of that adverse mort

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100506

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThirty‐three of 184 formerly exposed asbestos textile workers were interviewed to evaluate knowledge, attitudes, and practices concerning smoking and asbestos. Twenty‐three subjects in this group also underwent physical examination to determine smoking‐symptom/sign‐pulmonary function interrelationships. Approximately half of the exworkers smoked, and the majority who had stopped did so mostly because of illness rather than because of knowledge concerning smoking‐asbestos hazards. All workers welcomed the offer of smoking cessation programs. Smokers and exsmokers, but not nonsmokers, were at risk for obstructive‐type impairments, but all three groups contained subjects with impairments interpretable as restrictive. The presence of shortness of breath, cough, rǎles, or decreased breathing sounds alone or in any combination greatly increased the odds that either obstructive‐ or possible restrictive‐ or mixed‐type impairments would be found on spirometry. Mass screening techniques required about one hour of person time per examinee to assess health status, provide educational material on smoking, and counsel workers on referral arrangements. The findings suggest that smoking alerts, smoking cessation clinics, and medical follow‐up are needed, feasible, and

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100507

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe concern of the Israeli public regarding health hazards arising from asbestos use led to the formation of a governmental body responsible for finding solutions to these problems. This body was formed in 1983 as a National Medical Committee and included representatives from governmental and nongovernmental bodies. The Israeli Technical Committee for Asbestos, which serves as a subsidiary of the National Medical Committee, is concerned with the technical aspects associated with health hazards associated with asbestos and other harmful dusts.This report describes the major activities of the Technical Committee during the last 2 years.

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100508

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractIsasbest Ltd., an asbestos‐cement factory in Israel, has established dust‐preventive measures, maintained high ecological and medical standards, and assisted afflicted workers suffering from asbestos‐related diseases. The problems of the handling of asbestos and its relationship to health should be approached according to the conditions in each specific workplace so that reasonable solutions can be found for proper co

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100509

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

AbstractThe Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) have adopted the current standards for asbestos in the workplace (1 fiber/ml). Although average daily exposure to asbestos is relatively limited, nevertheless, the army personnel concerned are defined as “asbestos workers.” Four main areas of asbestos use were monitored, and medical examinations of susceptible personnel were performed. Recommendations were suggested for improving conditions. The IDF is now in the process of eliminating the use of materials containing asbestos, with the aim of eliminating asbestos use in the IDF within a three‐to five‐year

ISSN:0271-3586    

DOI:10.1002/ajim.4700100510

出版商:Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company    

年代:1986

数据来源: WILEY