摘要:

An experimentalintraoral dental xeroradiographic system was evaluated for its ability to image structures important in periodontal radiographic interpretation. On consenting dental patients, similar x‐ray projections were made on (1) conventional film radiographs and (2) experimental dental xeroradiographs. The resultant images were compared visually. In all categories examined the information provided by xeroradiography was either equal to or greater than that provided by conventional film radiographs. Intraoral dental xeroradiography appears to be a highly accurate, low‐radiation, rapid, and convenient alternative to conventional intraoral radiography.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.1.1

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In order toanalyze the conditions for rapidly destructive periodontitis and to describe the early histopathological changes and bone degradation, periodontitis lesions were produced in five male Beagle dogs, 8 to 12 months of age. Cotton floss ligatures were placed around the crowns of upper and lower third and fourth premolars for periods of 4, 7, 14, 21 days. The buccal gingival tissues, being slightly inflamed initially, were clinically scored for various symptoms of inflammation. Block biopsies of premolars and the adjacent buccal periodontal tissues were taken and processed for light and electron microscopy. Depending on the ligature position in relation to the gingival margin (above, at, deep below) at the day of biopsy harvest, three groups of selected biopsies were formed, and randomly selected sections of these were used for various histometric measurements, for stereological estimation of the size and composition of the connective tissue infiltrate and the osteoclast density, and for general histopathological evaluation. The resulting data and observations implied that (1) onset and maintenance of this periodontitis lesion depend on subgingival ulceration, (2) rapid bone destruction is the result of osteoclast activity stimulated by acute inflammation, and (3) bone degradation occurs independently of the loss of collagen fiber attachment and the apical migration of the junctional epithelium.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.1.6

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In recentyears evidence in the literature has indicated that the immune response may play an important role in the initiation and progression of the periodontal diseases. A study was initiated to determine the IgA, IgG, and IgM concentrations in the granulation tissue removed from deep infrabony pockets of patients with periodontosis and advanced periodontitis. Comparison of mean immunoglobulin levels between the periodontosis and periodontitis groups revealed a statistically significant increase (P<0.05) for IgG in the granulation tissue from the periodontosis group. The possible implications of these findings are discussed.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.1.20

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Immunoglobulin levelsin both Dilantin‐induced and idiopathic hyperplastic gingiva were determined and compared with the concentrations in normal gingival tissue. A statistically significant increase in IgG was found in Dilantin hyperplastic tissue, but no significant difference could be shown for idiopathic gingival hyperplasia. IgA levels did not differ significantly in the three types of tissue assayed. IgM was detected in 90% of the Dilantin hyperplastic gingival specimens assayed (mean GI = 1.2) and in 75% of the idiopathic hyperplastic tissue (mean GI = 0.7). This incidence of IgM detection was higher than that reported for normal and inflamed gingiva from periodontitis patients. The significance of these findings and possible correlation with the degree of tissue inflammation are discussed.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.1.25

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Humoral responseswere examined in idiopathic juvenile periodontitis (IJP) including antibody titers to representative strains of the five groups of periodontosis‐associated bacteria. Titers as determined by indirect immunofluorescence were compared in IJP, non‐IJP family members, periodontitis and periodontally healthy subjects. Serum concentrations of IgG, IgA, IgM and IgE were also assayed. Antibody titers to the periodontosis‐associated bacteria were generally low. Some disease specificity was observed in that titers to Groups II and III bacteria were highest in IJP. These titers in IJP were significantly higher (P<0.01) than in the other subjects. Titers to Group I bacteria were similar in all periodontal groups except the periodontally healthy subjects where titers were the lowest. Titers to Group I bacteria were significantly higher (P<0.01) than in the periodontally healthy subjects. Titers to Groups IV and V were uniformly low in all periodontal groups.Immunoglobulin concentrations of IgA, IgM and IGE were similar in IJP and non‐IJP. The IgG concentrations in IJP, while within the normal range were significantly higher in IJP compared to non‐IJP family members.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.1.30

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

The changes inducedin the bacteriology of the gingival sulcus were evaluated as part of a study considering the keratinizing potential of the sulcular epithelium when bacterial plaque was essentially eliminated.Two Rhesus monkeys were scaled and placed on a daily therapeutic regimen which included a prophylaxis, systemic tetracycline, and topical chlorhexidine. Over the 40 day experimental period and 74 days post‐therapy, subgingival plaque samples were taken periodically. The plaque samples were cultured anaerobically and aerobically to determine the predominant bacterial flora.The total cultivable bacterial flora decreased from initial levels by greater than 99.9% with the antibacterial therapy. The flora shifted with therapy from one dominated by anaerobic organisms, includingBacteroides melaninogenicus(18%) andFusobacteriumspecies (13.9%), to a flora dominated by organisms growing aerobically. During treatmentB. melaninogenicusandFusobacteriumspecies were not detected in any sample. After cessation of all therapy the anaerobes increased to dominance again, butB. melaninogenicusremained undetectable through 74 days post‐therapy.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.1.34

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Tooth stainingwith the use of chlorhexidine preparations is the major problem of long term application. Evidence suggests that the staining arises from a cationic/anionic interaction of chlorhexidine with components of certain dietary materials. The purpose of thisin vitrostudy was to compare visually the development of tea and coffee staining on acrylic and tooth specimens treated with chlorhexidine and to follow the development of tea staining on perspex by light microscopy and color television image analysis. All specimens were maintained in their respective beverage for 5 days with test specimens removed three times a day and placed for 2 minutes in an 0.2% chlorhexidine solution. Both test tooth and acrylic specimens showed comparable and markedly increased staining by the beverages compared with control specimens. Color television image analysis of test specimens demonstrated more marked and rapid development of tea staining when studied on a daily basis. Microscopic examination revealed the staining to be made up of small particles of material which increased in size and coalesced with time. Again, marked differences were apparent in the stain on test and control specimens. The results of thisin vitromethod provided further evidence for a dietary aetiology to chlorhexidine staining and were consistent with clinical findings. Such a method may be useful to assess staining arising from the use of other anti‐plaque agents.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.1.39

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

In an attemptto prevent postoperative sequellae dentists often prescribe penicillin or other antibiotics following periodontal surgery. A review of the literature shows conflicting reports about this procedure. This study investigated the efficacy of prophylactic penicillin in 19 human subjects undergoing periodontal surgery. Following initial therapy, flap surgery was undertaken in at least two comparable quadrants in each patient. Using a split mouth technique, patients were either given phenoxymethyl penicillin or a placebo following flap surgery for 5 days. Pain, infection, plaque levels, gingivitis and crevicular fluid flow were measured during a 4 week period. There were no differences between the placebo or penicillin sides in any of the parameters studied, except that the pain experience was significantly lower on the penicillin operated side. Within the limitations of this study it is difficult to substantiate the routine use of antibiotics following periodontal surgery.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.1.44

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY

摘要:

Areviewof the experimental evidence on marrow inhibition by implanted roots has shown that an inhibitory factor is present in all root surfaces. It is most marked in periodontally diseased roots and least in periodontally healthy roots. It is hypothesized that a “marked” amount would inhibit periodontal cells to the point where they could not resist the destructive effects of plaque, calculus and bacteria. A lesser or “moderate” amount would result in a more resistant periodontium. Finally, little or no inhibitor would also create a periodontium resistant to periodontal destruction but at the same time would remove restraints on the alveolar bone; the result would be invasion of the periodontal space and ankylosis to the root.

ISSN:1049-8885    

DOI:10.1902/jop.1980.51.1.49

出版商:Wiley    

年代:1980

数据来源: WILEY